BACKGROUND:Internal fixation has been shown to decrease intertrochanteric fracture complications in the clinic and to improve quality of life of patients. The major method widely used in the clinic is the fixation of proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effects of proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw in treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly. ＜br> METHODS:A total of 60 patients with intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw groups (n=30), and they respectively received proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw fixation. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the dynamic hip screw group, operative time, blood loss, the incidence of complications one year after repair, fracture healing time and complications were lower in the proximal femoral nail group (P＜0.05). After repair, the excellent and good rate of Harris hip scores was higher (P＜0.05). No significant difference was detected in healing time of wound between the two groups (P>0.05). Results verified that compared with the dynamic hip screw fixation, the clinical effects of proximal femoral nail fixation were better, more safe and reliable in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly.

OBJECTIVETo observe the expressions of Calbindin(CB) and Parvalbumin (PV), the two calcium-binding protein, in auditory pathway in mice of wild type C57BL/6J and kit⁺/kitW⁻ ²Bao, a kit gene mutant.

METHODSSix mutated kit gene kit⁺/kitW⁻ ²Bao mice and 6 wild type C57BL/6J (B6) mice were anaesthetized i. p. with chloral hydrate. After the mice were fixed by heart perfusion, the brains were removed and coronal sections were cut with a freezing microtome.

RESULTSWe found that wild type mice had significant expressions of PV on ventral cochlear nucleus, anterior part (AVCN), ventral cochlear nucleus, posterior part (PVCN), inferior colliculus (IC) and auditory cortex (AC). CB was expressed in wild type mice on PVCN and nucleus of the trapezoid body (Tz). The mutant of kit gene induced the less expression of PV on PVCN, IC and AC (P < 0.01), but increased the expression of Tz (P < 0.01). CB could not be observed on PVCN in mutant mice, and the expression of AC was increased( P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCB and PV has differential expression level in auditory pathway. Since mutated kit gene can affect expression of PV on PVCN, IC, Tz and AC, as well as CB on PVCN and AC, it suggests that the mutation of kit gene can affect the advanced function of central nervous system in auditory pathway.

Animals ; Auditory Cortex ; metabolism ; Auditory Pathways ; metabolism ; Calbindins ; metabolism ; Inferior Colliculi ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Parvalbumins ; metabolism ; Pons ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics

Aerenchyrna formation has been described in depth in a number of species at a histological level. But large gaps remain in our understanding of its regulation as a developmental process. It is attempted to analyse essential mineral elements like K, Mg, Cu, Zn, Ca and P in the cell wall of aerenchyma cells in petioles ofS. trifolia at five different developmental stages by CSEM-EDX technique. At early stage, K and Cl concentrations in cell wall were high up to 36% and 4.3% of dry weight, respectively. It supported the hypotheses that aerenchyma spaces are filled with liquid at early developmental stages of aerenchyma in S. trifolia petiole. Mg concentration was high at stage 2, up to 0.86% of dry weight. Zinc and Cu were detected only at rapid expansion stages, during which the concentrations were up to 1.5% and 2.5%, respectively. Calcium was detected in the cell wall only at mature stages, the concentration was high up to 1.3% of dry weight at stages 4 and 5. These results confirmed that the element concentration of aerenehyma cell wall undergoes dynamic changes during different developmental stages, and a low Ca with high Zn and Cu concentration are needed for cell expansion. Copper and Zn deposition in the cell wall showed a significant positive linear correlation, suggesting that these two elements share same or similar uptake and transport mechanism in plants.

Objective To evaluate the value of covered self-expending metallic stent in the management of malignant esophageal and duodenal strictures or fistulas and explore the treatment for the associated common complications.Methods With interventional procedure under fluoroscopic guidance,95 self-expending mesh stents were implanted in 87 patients,including esophageal carcinoma(50 cases),esophagogastric anastomotic stenosis(23 cases),gastroduodenal malignant stenosis(5 cases),esophagobronchial fistula(3 cases),esophagogastric anastomotic fistula(6 cases).Results Stent placement was successful in all patients at the first trial,having no instant complication except one acute bleeding during the procedure and all of them with relief of stenostic complaint,restoration of clictelic function and closure of fistulas.The long-term curative effect showed something to do with different kind of disease,and the related treatment.Conclusion Self-expending metallic covered mesh stent is safe,effective and less complication;and could be further promoted with addition of radiotherapy and(or)chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of transplanting autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) at different time point after myocardial infarction on cardiac function, and to approach its mechanism. METHODS: Thirty healthy Taihu Meishan swine were prepared for myocardial infarction models, and divided into 6 experimental groups, with 5 animals in each group. BMSCs were transplanted into 3 groups through coronary artery at 3 hours, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after myocardial infarction, named G1, G2 and G4, respectively. Meantime, DMEM culture medium was injected in the control group at correspond periods. Each swine was examined by MRI and Doppler before infarction, before transplantation, and at 8 weeks after infarction, respectively, to observe the change of cardiac function. The VEGF values of blood serum in different periods after transplantation were detected. All swine hearts were harvested after 8 weeks (the experimental terminus), and the planting and differentiation of transplanted cells in cardiac muscle were detected by the method of immunity histochemistry. The density of blood vessels in cardiac muscle was acquired simultaneously. RESULTS: There was no statistic difference of cardiac function between G1 and its control groups. The groups of G2 and G4 could improve cardiac function compared to the control groups, and G4 was superior to G2 (P < 0.05). There was no statistics difference of the decreased absolute value of myocardial infarcted area between G1 and the control groups. The myocardial infarcted area of G4 was greater than G2 (P < 0.05). The value of blood serum VEGF rose obviously in the G2 and G4, while G1 and all control groups did not present any marked changes, the rising amplitude of G4 was larger than G2 (P < 0.05). There were not any planting and differentiation of transplanted stem cells in G1 and all control groups at 8 weeks after infarction, but G2 and G4 could display, especially in G4 group (P < 0.05). There was no statistic difference of the density of blood vessels in cardiac muscle between G1 and all control groups at 8 weeks after infarction, but the differences were significant in all experimental groups, which was superior in G4 group to G1 and G2 groups (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: There is disparity of transplanting BMSCs at different time point after myocardial infarction on cardiac function. Transplantation in acute period of myocardial infarction has no significant effect, but transplantation in non-acute period can ameliorate cardiac function. The therapeutic effect of transplanted at 4 weeks is superior to other time point. The MRI can display the location and compass of infarct cardiac muscle, and reflect the variation of cardiac function.

Objective: To screen the Hub genes associated with the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to analyze their biological functions by using various bioinformatics analysis tools. Methods: ESCC chip profile GSE100942 from GEO database was used as study subject; GEO2R tool was used to analyze the data and to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the bioinformatics tools (DAVID, String, Cytoscape) were further used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and identify the key Hub genes. GO and KEGG were used for the biological function enrichment analysis. In the meanwhile, MiRDB was applied to identify the miRNAs that might regulate Hub genes and to construct Hub gene–miRNA network. Importantly, the expression of DEGs and the patient survival were verified by the GEPIA analysis tool. Results: By analyzing GSE100942 database, a total of 1229 DEGs with difference of 2 times and 223 DEGs with difference of 4 times were screened out. In addition, 20 Hub genes, which were all up-regulated in ESCC tissues, were also identified. The functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in cancer related pathways and involved in cell division and mitotic nuclear division. Among those 20 Hub genes, DLGAP5, BUB1B, TPX2, TTK, CDC20, CCNB2, AURKA and DEPDC1 were identified as 8 key Hub genes that related with ESCC, and involved in many important biological processes, such as cell proliferation, cell cycle and signal pathway. Five Hub genes, CEP55, ECT2, NEK2, DEPDC1 and NUSAP1, were identified to be highly regulated by the miRNA regulatory network. Conclusion: Microarray combined with bioinformatics can effectively analyze the DEGs associated with the occurrence and development of ESCC. The identification of the 20 Hub genes and the 8 key Hub genes can provide theoretical guidance for further research on the molecular mechanism and molecular marker screening of ESCC. ·

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of picrodide II on the expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NFkappaB) in brain tissue of rat after cerebral ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury.

METHODSTen rats from 60 adult healthy female Wistar rats received sham-operation were set as the sham-operative group. Established as middle cerebral I/R model (MCAO/R) by thread tying method, the 30 successfully modeled rats were equally randomized into the negative control group, the positive control group and the treatment group. Besides, rats in the treatment group and the positive control group were respectively intervened with picrodide II (10 mg/kg) and salvianic acid A sodium (10 mg/kg) via caudal vein injection before I/R injury, while rats in the sham-operative group and the negative group were injected with equal volume of 0.1 mol/L PBS. Immunohistochemistry stain was used to determine the expressions of TLR4 and NFkappaB, and the apoptotic cells were counted by TUNEL-immunofluorescence assay.

RESULTSIn the sham-operative group, the TLR4 and NFkappaB expressed weakly with few TUNEL positive cells scattering in the cortex, striatum and hippocampus. As compared with the sham-operative group, TLR4 and NFkappaB in the negative control group were significantly higher both in absorption A) value and cell number (P < 0.05). In the treatment group and the positive control group, the expressions of TLR4 and NFkappaB and the number of TUNEL positive cells were significantly lower than those in the negative control group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was shown between the two treated groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPicroside II could down-regulate the expressions of TLR4 and NFkappaB, and inhibit the inflammatory response induced apoptosis in cerebral I/R injured rats.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cinnamates ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Iridoid Glucosides ; pharmacology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism

Objective To assess the diagnostic capability of spiral CT for giant pure seminoma in intraabdominal undescended testis.Methods Spiral CT of 6 cases with pure seminoma of inabdominal testes as proved by surgery and pathology were analyzed.All patients were male,and the age ranged from 31 to 45 years old with the mean of 35.2 years old.Results All tumors were located along the path of testicular descent on CT images.The arterial-supply of tumors all came from the testicular artery ipsilaterally.The draining vein could be seen between the mass and inferior vena cava or left renal vein in 5 cases.Isolaterally spermatic cord was absent in the inguinal region.Isolateral kidney was shifted upward.CT scans typically demonstrated a unilateral,mixed solid and cystic mass,with areas of solid located at the lateral aspect and areas of necrosis at the medial aspect.Contrast-enhanced CT scan showed mild enhancement of solid areas and band-like septal enhancement in areas of necrosis.There is no evidence of calcification or fat within the mass.Conclusion Spiral CT proves to be a very useful preoperative imaging modality for the giant intraabdominal seminoma.

Objective To explore the value of Gadofluorine M,a novel M RI enhancement agent,in the diagnosis the early radiation brain injury.Methods Seventy-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 equal groups.To establish the radiation injury model,the rat's posterior brain was irradiated with 0(blank controls),25,35,45,55,and 65 Gy,respectively.After irradiation MR plain scanning and Gadofluorine M enhancement scanning (after the T1WI and T2WI scanning Gf at the dosage of 0.1 mmol/kg was injected intravenously and scanning was performed again 12 h later) were performed once a week for 8 weeks.Another 12 rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to exposure to 55 and 65Gy,respectively,and MR scanning was performed once a week for 8 weeks since the third week after MR.After T1WI and T2WI scanning Gd-DTPA was injected intravenously,MR was conducted again 30 min later,and Gf was injected intravenously (Gd-DTPAenhancement and Gf enhancement contrast).The MR image and the pixel count were compared.Since the third week 2 rats from the Gf enhancement scanning group and 1 rat from the Gd-DTPA enhancement and Gf enhancement contrast were killed after MR with their brains taken out to undergo pathological examination.Results No abnormal signal changes were found in MRI in 25 and 35 Gy groups within 2 months after irradiation.A high signal in the Gf enhancement T1 WI image was found in 45,55,and 65 Gy groups within the period of 4-6 weeks after radiation.The signal intensity was significantly higher than that of the control,25,and 35 Gy groups(F =2.15,P <0.05).The emerge time of this signal was negatively correlated with the dose of radiation(r =-0.62,P < 0.05).When there was no obvious change was found by Gd-DTPA enhancement,a high signal representing change of injury could be found in Gf enhancement in the same rat.The signal intensity was significantly enhanced in Gf enhancement compared to the Gd-DTPA enhancement (F = 2.74,P <0.01).Histopathology examination of the 65 Gy group showed frosted degeneration in part of the region,however,no obvious necrotic damage was found in other groups.Conclusions The Gf enhancement change appears before histopathological changes,it helps discover early radiation injury in brain.Compared to the regular MRI and Gd-DTPA enhancement,Gadofluorine M enhancement has obvious advantage and is worth further research and application.

Objective To explore the value of DWI ADC in the diagnosis of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) at 3.0 T and investigate the mechanism by comparison with liver enzyme and pathological findings. MethodsForty-two New Zealand white rabbits were divided randomly into ( n ＝ 6,each) six IRI groups by rank sum test. The IRI animals underwent left lobar ischemia for 60 min and were reperfused 0. 5 h, 2. 0 h, 6. 0 h, 12. 0 h, 24. 0 h and 48. 0 h later. One Sham operative group underwent laparotomy without liver ischemia. T2 WI, T1 WI, DWI and contrast-enhanced T, WI were performed with 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner in each group respectively. For DWI, b-values of 20, 50, 100,200,300,400,500 and 600 s/mm2 were used respectively. Blood samples were taken to detect the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) at different time points. Liver samples were examined histologically after MRI scanning. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine differences, followed by LSD-t test for multiple comparisons. ResultsOverall, ADC decreased markedly at the early IRI phase ( 0. 5 h), drastically increased in the 2.0 h group, and then ascended slightly from 6. 0 h to 48.0 h after reperfusion, except for a transient decrease at the time point of 24. 0 h. When b values were 20, 50, 100,200 and 300 s/mm2, the ADC values in the Sham group were (3.47 ±0.53) × 10-3, (3.11 ±0.39) ×10-3, (2.87 ±0.19) ×10-3, (2.56 ±0.37) × 10-3 and (1.95 ±0.33) ×10-3mm2/s, (2.63±0.31)±10-3, (2.47±0.32) ×10-3, (2.12±0.38) ×10-3, (2.01±0.51) ×10-3and (1.61 ±0.17) ×10-3mm2/s in the 0.5 h group, (2.72 ±0.09) ×10-3, (2.51±0. 11) ×10-3, (2.28 ±0.30) ± 10-3, (1.96 ±0. 14) × 10-3 and (1.58 ±0. 17) × 10-3mm2/s in the 24.0 h group, respectively. ADC of 0. 5 h and 24. 0 h groups were significantly lower than that of Sham group (P＜0.05) when b value was under 300 mm2/s.In the Sham, 0.5 h, 2.0 h, 6.0 h, 12.0 h,24.0 h and 48. 0 h IRI groups, they were (80±8), (181 ±34), (413 ±62), (474 ±83), (424 ±41 ),(332 ±41 )and(302 ±39) U/L for the levels of ALT,and (79 ± 10), (454 ±55), (547 ±72), (607±31 ), (649 ±79), (785 ±49) and ( 1526 ± 167) U/L for the AST respectively. The levels of AST and ALT in IRI groups were significantly higher than those in the Sham group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ).Histological findings showed diffuse hepatocytes swelling and erythrocytes depositing in the hepatic sinusoids, portal area, central venous and arterials at the initial phase.With the injury aggravated, inflammatory cell infiltration,hepatocyte nuclear condensation of apoptosis, sinusoidal dissociation and coagulation necrosis developed eventually. Conclusion 3.0 T DWI can monitor the pathological process of rabbit liver ischemia reperfusion injury dynamically, and provides a feasible imaging modality for clinical diagnosis and treatment.