BACKGROUND:Internal fixation has been shown to decrease intertrochanteric fracture complications in the clinic and to improve quality of life of patients. The major method widely used in the clinic is the fixation of proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effects of proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw in treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly. ＜br> METHODS:A total of 60 patients with intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw groups (n=30), and they respectively received proximal femoral nail and dynamic hip screw fixation. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the dynamic hip screw group, operative time, blood loss, the incidence of complications one year after repair, fracture healing time and complications were lower in the proximal femoral nail group (P＜0.05). After repair, the excellent and good rate of Harris hip scores was higher (P＜0.05). No significant difference was detected in healing time of wound between the two groups (P>0.05). Results verified that compared with the dynamic hip screw fixation, the clinical effects of proximal femoral nail fixation were better, more safe and reliable in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly.

OBJECTIVETo observe the expressions of Calbindin(CB) and Parvalbumin (PV), the two calcium-binding protein, in auditory pathway in mice of wild type C57BL/6J and kit⁺/kitW⁻ ²Bao, a kit gene mutant.

METHODSSix mutated kit gene kit⁺/kitW⁻ ²Bao mice and 6 wild type C57BL/6J (B6) mice were anaesthetized i. p. with chloral hydrate. After the mice were fixed by heart perfusion, the brains were removed and coronal sections were cut with a freezing microtome.

RESULTSWe found that wild type mice had significant expressions of PV on ventral cochlear nucleus, anterior part (AVCN), ventral cochlear nucleus, posterior part (PVCN), inferior colliculus (IC) and auditory cortex (AC). CB was expressed in wild type mice on PVCN and nucleus of the trapezoid body (Tz). The mutant of kit gene induced the less expression of PV on PVCN, IC and AC (P < 0.01), but increased the expression of Tz (P < 0.01). CB could not be observed on PVCN in mutant mice, and the expression of AC was increased( P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCB and PV has differential expression level in auditory pathway. Since mutated kit gene can affect expression of PV on PVCN, IC, Tz and AC, as well as CB on PVCN and AC, it suggests that the mutation of kit gene can affect the advanced function of central nervous system in auditory pathway.

Animals ; Auditory Cortex ; metabolism ; Auditory Pathways ; metabolism ; Calbindins ; metabolism ; Inferior Colliculi ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Parvalbumins ; metabolism ; Pons ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics

Aerenchyrna formation has been described in depth in a number of species at a histological level. But large gaps remain in our understanding of its regulation as a developmental process. It is attempted to analyse essential mineral elements like K, Mg, Cu, Zn, Ca and P in the cell wall of aerenchyma cells in petioles ofS. trifolia at five different developmental stages by CSEM-EDX technique. At early stage, K and Cl concentrations in cell wall were high up to 36% and 4.3% of dry weight, respectively. It supported the hypotheses that aerenchyma spaces are filled with liquid at early developmental stages of aerenchyma in S. trifolia petiole. Mg concentration was high at stage 2, up to 0.86% of dry weight. Zinc and Cu were detected only at rapid expansion stages, during which the concentrations were up to 1.5% and 2.5%, respectively. Calcium was detected in the cell wall only at mature stages, the concentration was high up to 1.3% of dry weight at stages 4 and 5. These results confirmed that the element concentration of aerenehyma cell wall undergoes dynamic changes during different developmental stages, and a low Ca with high Zn and Cu concentration are needed for cell expansion. Copper and Zn deposition in the cell wall showed a significant positive linear correlation, suggesting that these two elements share same or similar uptake and transport mechanism in plants.

Objective To evaluate the value of covered self-expending metallic stent in the management of malignant esophageal and duodenal strictures or fistulas and explore the treatment for the associated common complications.Methods With interventional procedure under fluoroscopic guidance,95 self-expending mesh stents were implanted in 87 patients,including esophageal carcinoma(50 cases),esophagogastric anastomotic stenosis(23 cases),gastroduodenal malignant stenosis(5 cases),esophagobronchial fistula(3 cases),esophagogastric anastomotic fistula(6 cases).Results Stent placement was successful in all patients at the first trial,having no instant complication except one acute bleeding during the procedure and all of them with relief of stenostic complaint,restoration of clictelic function and closure of fistulas.The long-term curative effect showed something to do with different kind of disease,and the related treatment.Conclusion Self-expending metallic covered mesh stent is safe,effective and less complication;and could be further promoted with addition of radiotherapy and(or)chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of transplanting autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) at different time point after myocardial infarction on cardiac function, and to approach its mechanism. METHODS: Thirty healthy Taihu Meishan swine were prepared for myocardial infarction models, and divided into 6 experimental groups, with 5 animals in each group. BMSCs were transplanted into 3 groups through coronary artery at 3 hours, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after myocardial infarction, named G1, G2 and G4, respectively. Meantime, DMEM culture medium was injected in the control group at correspond periods. Each swine was examined by MRI and Doppler before infarction, before transplantation, and at 8 weeks after infarction, respectively, to observe the change of cardiac function. The VEGF values of blood serum in different periods after transplantation were detected. All swine hearts were harvested after 8 weeks (the experimental terminus), and the planting and differentiation of transplanted cells in cardiac muscle were detected by the method of immunity histochemistry. The density of blood vessels in cardiac muscle was acquired simultaneously. RESULTS: There was no statistic difference of cardiac function between G1 and its control groups. The groups of G2 and G4 could improve cardiac function compared to the control groups, and G4 was superior to G2 (P < 0.05). There was no statistics difference of the decreased absolute value of myocardial infarcted area between G1 and the control groups. The myocardial infarcted area of G4 was greater than G2 (P < 0.05). The value of blood serum VEGF rose obviously in the G2 and G4, while G1 and all control groups did not present any marked changes, the rising amplitude of G4 was larger than G2 (P < 0.05). There were not any planting and differentiation of transplanted stem cells in G1 and all control groups at 8 weeks after infarction, but G2 and G4 could display, especially in G4 group (P < 0.05). There was no statistic difference of the density of blood vessels in cardiac muscle between G1 and all control groups at 8 weeks after infarction, but the differences were significant in all experimental groups, which was superior in G4 group to G1 and G2 groups (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: There is disparity of transplanting BMSCs at different time point after myocardial infarction on cardiac function. Transplantation in acute period of myocardial infarction has no significant effect, but transplantation in non-acute period can ameliorate cardiac function. The therapeutic effect of transplanted at 4 weeks is superior to other time point. The MRI can display the location and compass of infarct cardiac muscle, and reflect the variation of cardiac function.

Objective: To screen the Hub genes associated with the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to analyze their biological functions by using various bioinformatics analysis tools. Methods: ESCC chip profile GSE100942 from GEO database was used as study subject; GEO2R tool was used to analyze the data and to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the bioinformatics tools (DAVID, String, Cytoscape) were further used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and identify the key Hub genes. GO and KEGG were used for the biological function enrichment analysis. In the meanwhile, MiRDB was applied to identify the miRNAs that might regulate Hub genes and to construct Hub gene–miRNA network. Importantly, the expression of DEGs and the patient survival were verified by the GEPIA analysis tool. Results: By analyzing GSE100942 database, a total of 1229 DEGs with difference of 2 times and 223 DEGs with difference of 4 times were screened out. In addition, 20 Hub genes, which were all up-regulated in ESCC tissues, were also identified. The functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in cancer related pathways and involved in cell division and mitotic nuclear division. Among those 20 Hub genes, DLGAP5, BUB1B, TPX2, TTK, CDC20, CCNB2, AURKA and DEPDC1 were identified as 8 key Hub genes that related with ESCC, and involved in many important biological processes, such as cell proliferation, cell cycle and signal pathway. Five Hub genes, CEP55, ECT2, NEK2, DEPDC1 and NUSAP1, were identified to be highly regulated by the miRNA regulatory network. Conclusion: Microarray combined with bioinformatics can effectively analyze the DEGs associated with the occurrence and development of ESCC. The identification of the 20 Hub genes and the 8 key Hub genes can provide theoretical guidance for further research on the molecular mechanism and molecular marker screening of ESCC. ·

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of picrodide II on the expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NFkappaB) in brain tissue of rat after cerebral ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury.

METHODSTen rats from 60 adult healthy female Wistar rats received sham-operation were set as the sham-operative group. Established as middle cerebral I/R model (MCAO/R) by thread tying method, the 30 successfully modeled rats were equally randomized into the negative control group, the positive control group and the treatment group. Besides, rats in the treatment group and the positive control group were respectively intervened with picrodide II (10 mg/kg) and salvianic acid A sodium (10 mg/kg) via caudal vein injection before I/R injury, while rats in the sham-operative group and the negative group were injected with equal volume of 0.1 mol/L PBS. Immunohistochemistry stain was used to determine the expressions of TLR4 and NFkappaB, and the apoptotic cells were counted by TUNEL-immunofluorescence assay.

RESULTSIn the sham-operative group, the TLR4 and NFkappaB expressed weakly with few TUNEL positive cells scattering in the cortex, striatum and hippocampus. As compared with the sham-operative group, TLR4 and NFkappaB in the negative control group were significantly higher both in absorption A) value and cell number (P < 0.05). In the treatment group and the positive control group, the expressions of TLR4 and NFkappaB and the number of TUNEL positive cells were significantly lower than those in the negative control group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was shown between the two treated groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPicroside II could down-regulate the expressions of TLR4 and NFkappaB, and inhibit the inflammatory response induced apoptosis in cerebral I/R injured rats.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cinnamates ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Iridoid Glucosides ; pharmacology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic value and safety of transcatheter arterial angiography and embolization in patients with endoscopic refractory gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods Thirty-one cases of endoscopic refractory gastrointestinal bleeding were performed DSA and treated with transcatheter arterial angiography and embolization.The safty and efficacy was evaluated.Results Angiographic positive rate of bleeding was 80.65％ (25/31);28 cases was treated with embolization.The success rate of first embolization was 75.00％ (21/28),and the total success rate was 82.14 ％ (23/28) by the second embolization.Seven patients received surgical resection after interventional therapy,including 2 cases of jejunal stromal tumors and 5 cases of gastric malignant tumors.Four cases of gastric cancer patients underwent rebleeding within 30 days after interventional therapy,of which 2 died of heart or lung function failure due to basic diseases.Except for 1 patient of anastomotic bleeding after gastrointestinal anastomosis occurred anastomotic fistula after embolization,who recovery with the support treatment,no other cases occurred serious gastrointestinal ischemic necrosis.Conclusion Interventional diagnosis and treatment for gastrointestinal bleeding hemostasis is effective and safety,and also can achieve good results especially for malignant gastric tumor hemorrhage,which can be used for endoscopic refractory gastrointestinal bleeding patients.

Purpose To study the reversal effect on multidrug resistance (MDR) by TNF-α gene combined with verapamil (VRP) or tamoxifen (TAM). Methods By using recombinant retrovirus vector, TNF-α gene was transfected into multidrug-resistant human breast cancer cell line MCF7/ADR. The TNF-α secreting cell clone MCF7/ADR-TNF was obtained by G418 screening. The integrating and secreting of TNF-α were analyzed by PCR and ELISA. MTT assay and formula"I = d/D1 + d/D2" were used to evaluate the reversal effect of multidmg resistance with TNF-α gene combined with verapamil or tamoxifen. ResultsThe level of TNF-α secreted by MCF7/ADR-TNF was 1 737 pg/ml (106cells/48 h). Compared with control,the resistance to ADR of MCF7/ADR-TNF was reversed by 1.6 times. The reversal effect produced by combination of TNF-α gene and VRP was antagonistic. The combination of TNF-α gene and TAM produced synergic effect (interaction index I = 0.64). ConclusionsTNF-α gene combined with TAM has synergic effect on reversing MDR.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of MRI in the infantile developmental dislocation of the hip.Methods Forty-five cases of preoperative hip MRI data of DDH (patient group)and 40 cases of normal hip (control group)MRI data were retrospectively analyzed.Three types were classified according to the standard of Dunn.Then the bony acetabular index (BAI),cartilaginous acetabular index (CAI)were measured on coronal MRI and all the intra-articular structures (articular cartilage,labrum, teres ligament and iliopsoas)in the acetabulum that impeded the reduction of the femoral head were observed.Results There were normal hips (80 hips)and dislocated hips (73 hips).In dislocated hips typeⅠ (30 hips),typeⅡ (20 hips),and typeⅢ (23 hips) were found.The values of BAI were (26.13±2.19)°and (35.87±4.42)°,CAI (13.84±1.07)°and (21.92±4.70)°for patient group and control group.The values of BAI were (31.80±1.74)°,(37.80±3.40)°and (39.17±4.11)°,CAI (17.20±2.68)°,(20.91±2.02)°and (27.50±2.78)°for the typesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ respectively.Differences of BAI and CAI between patient group and control group were showed (t=-11.048 and -9.188,P =0.000).Statistically significants were found among the typeⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ(F=22.159 and 47.241,P =0.000).There were linear correlations for patient group ,control group,and the typeⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ (r= 0.964,0.844,0.953,0.931 and 0.870,P =0.000).Some pathological changes such as varus labrum,thick teres ligament,iliopsoas spasm,articular cartilage hyperplasia,fat hyperplasia,joint effusion were observed in the type Ⅱand Ⅲ.Conclusion MRI is not only used for measuring the values of BAI and CAI,and a linear correlation among all kinds of DDH,but also some factors hindering the reduction of the femoral head can be found clearly.It can provide an important reference basis for the diagnosis and treatment of DDH.