With Jianyu (LI 15), Jianliao (TE 14) and Jianzhen (SI 9) for instance, the three acupoints used to treat shoulder bi syndrome by needle knife, and through traceability and researching constant structure, the acupoint position, insertion trace, manipulation and clinical significance of needle knife medicine were discussed. Accurate position is one of the characteristics of acupoints selection of needle knife medicine. As for the acupoints selection method, the mean of body surface localization is always used. The phanerous or palpable bone processes, muscles and tendons are taken as positioning marks; pressing areas where appear sour, numb, or distensible and other sensations is considered as the principle of press positioning. So acupoints position method is the combination of observation and palpation. Different insertion methods can effectively relieve the accretive bursae synovialis, tendon, joint capsule and the compressed nerve, so that shoulder bi syndrome is relieved.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Needles ; Periarthritis ; therapy

AIM: To verify the neuroprotective effect and optimize the therapeutic dose and time window of picroside Ⅱon cerebral ischemic injury in rats .METHODS:The forebrain ischemia model was established by the method of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion ( BCCAO ) .The successful model rats were randomly divided into 16 groups according to orthogonal design and treated by intraperitoneal injection of picroside Ⅱat different ischemic time poinis and different doses .The changes of the nerve fiber myelin were observed by fast green staining .The immunohistochemical assay and Western blotting were used to quantitatively and qualitatively determine the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP). The mRNA level of MBP in the brain tissues was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RE-SULTS:Picroside Ⅱ increased the expression of MBP and decreased demyelination after cerebral ischemic injury .The best therapeutic time window and dose were:(1) ischemia for 2.0 h with picrosideⅡat dose of 10 mg/kg according to the results of fast green staining;(2) ischemia for 2.0 h with the dose of 10 mg/kg according to the results of immunohisto-chemical assay;(3) ischemia for 2.0 h with the dose of 10 mg/kg according to the analysis of Western blotting;(4) is-chemia for 1.5 h with the dose of 20 mg/kg according to the detection of RT-PCR.CONCLUSION:Given the principle of the lowest therapeutic dose with the longest time window , the optimized therapeutic dose and time window for rat cerebral ischemic injury is intraperitoneal injection of picroside Ⅱat the doses of 10~20 mg/kg and the time window of ischemia for 1.5~2.0 h.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Glomerulonephritis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Podocytes ; pathology

Objective:To investigate the effect and the mechanism of T cell vaccination in inducing heterologous antigen specific immune tolerance Methods:T cell vaccination were made from the spleen cells of SD rats, which were induced by ConA and were challenged with the spleen cells of guinea pig (the heterologous specific antigen) Normal SD rats were vaccinated intraperitoneally with TCV or 1640 culture buffer(blank control) respectively One way mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR)?the apoptosis of peripheral T cells and the rate of CD4/CD8 in peripheral blood were assayed before and after vaccination.Results:MLR showed that the response captivity of SD rat spleen cells in TCV group were suppressed significantly after vaccination(P

Objective To evaluate the capability for detecting of tumor cells in ascites and pleural effusion by Sysmex XN‐2000 hematology analyzer .Methods Determination of 84 samples of ascites and pleural effusion specimens with Sysmex XN‐2000 hema‐tology analyzer humoral model to analyze the study parameters highly fluorescent cells absolute value (HF‐BF # ) and percentage (HF‐BF% ) of ascites and pleural effusions screening of tumor cells ,and related data for statistical analysis .Results In 84 cases of pleural effusion and ascites samples ,cytology found 14 cases of malignant cells ,cancer cells are not found in 70 cases .14 cases of malignant cases ,HF‐BF # average of 169 /μL(0-2 001) ,HF‐BF% with an average of 29 .7% (0% -261% );70 cases of benign cases ,HF‐BF # an average of 39 /μL(0-524) ,HF‐BF% with an average of 4 .2% (0% -27 .8% ) ,both groups were statistical differences in the mean significance(P<0 .05) .ROC curve analysis with high absolute value and percentage of fluorescent cells to tumor cells detection function ,HF‐BF # area under the curve(AUC) was 0 .493 ,the area(AUC)% HF‐BF under the curve was 0 .222 .Conclusion Sysmex XN‐2000 Pattern of humoral parameters of HF‐BF # and HF‐BF% ,although the tumor cells may pro‐vide some screening information ,but ineffective ,so we believe that in our daily work can′t be over‐reliance on the instrument HF‐BF# ,HF‐BF% and other parameters should be performed on every sample smear staining ,thus improving the detection rate of ma‐lignant cells .

Objective To investigate the outcomes of surgery combined with albendazole liposomes in the treatment of advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.Methods This is a retrospective study on 71 patients with advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis treated from January 2002 to November 2013.The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the surgical methods and whether surgery was combined with albendazole liposomes.Results On follow-up from 5 ～ 44 months,the mortality rates for the volume-reduction surgery group was 82.3％,the volume-reduction surgery + albendazole group 52.3％,the radical operation group 28.5％,and the radical operation + albendazole group 21.1％.The mortality rate of the radical operation + albendazole group,when compared with the radical operation group and the volume-reduction surgery + albendazole group was significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).The mortality rate of the radical operation group,when compared with the volume-reduction surgery + albendazole group showed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The mortality rate of the volume-reduction surgery group,when compared with the volume-reduction surgery + albendazole group,the radical operation group,and the radical operation + albendazole group was significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The treatment of radical operation combined with albendazole liposomes for advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis reduced recurrence,improved quality of life and prolonged survival.It is a feasible method to treat these patients.

Objective　To study the characteristics of choroidal circulation in RP.　Methods　Using ICGA to observe 37 cases of RP and compare with healthy volunteers.　Results　① The earliest fluores-cein filling time of the choroidal arteries in RP group was (14.38±3.95) seconds,the choroidal veinous in RP group was (17.27±5.94) seconds,and there was no obvious difference between RP and control group.②The fluorescein failing time of choroidal vein in RP group was (475.75±153.70)seconds.③The area of the bright fluorenscence in posterior fundus in RP group was (41.20±19.99)　mm2,and compared with the control group,there was significant difference (P＜0.0001).④In the mid to late phase during ICGA，in RP group the veil-like hypofluorescence was found in 61 eyes (84.7%),plaque hyperfluorescence in posterior fundus in 21 eyes (29.2%),and leakage of heperfluorescence in 4 eyes(5.6%).　Conclusion　①The perfusion pressure of choroidal vessels in RP reveals no change.②The blood volume of choroidal vessels becomes decreased in RP.③The choroidal capillaries become atrophic in RP.④Choroidal neovascularization may occur in patients with RP.

BACKGROUND:The coagulation function of patients after joint replacement is enhanced during the perioperative time, the coagulation disorder can easily lead to the deep vein thrombosis, which wil seriously affect the rehabilitation and prognosis of patients. The embolus fal ing off from venous thrombosis can lead to acute pulmonary embolism, severe cases can be life-threatening. So the early diagnosis of postoperative deep vein thrombosis and acute pulmonary embolism is very important.
OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of clinical diagnosis of thrombosis in the perioperative patients after orthopaedic joint replacement.
METHODS:A computer-based retrieve in PubMed database and CNKI database were conducted by the first author for the articles on the clinical diagnosis of thrombosis in the perioperative patients after orthopaedic joint replacement from January 2008 to May 2013 with the key words of“arthroplasty, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary artery embolism, risk factor, diagnostic approach, anticoagulant, perioperative period, research progress”in English and Chinese. A total of 165 articles were screened out, and final y 50 articles were included according to the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After joint replacement surgery, various risk factors were associated with the etiology and pathogenesis of deep venous thrombosis, such as vascular and tissue impairments, limb fixation, pain stress, and hemorrhagic fluid caused coagulation disorder, were the main reasons to thrombosis. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism had variety of clinical manifestations, many diagnostic approaches were widely applied in clinic, but each one has its laminations. So the positive diagnosis intervention should be performed according to the common clinical manifestations, general y begin from the routine examinations of ultrasound and electrocardiogram, and the combination of various methods was preferred if necessary in order to increase the positive diagnosis rate to the maximum extent, and take drug intervention immediately after diagnosis to avoid the happening of adverse events. Several new types of oral anticoagulants appear in clinical trials, and the outcomes are very promising, but the widely clinical application needs further observation.

10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.003

Objective To obtain the annular plane systolic excursion difference (APSED)of fetuses in second and late trimester by free angle M-mode (FAM)and tissue motion of annular displacement (TMAD)in order to assess the fetal ventricular function.Methods The mitral annular plane systolic excursion(MAPSE)and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion(TAPSE)of four hundred and fifty five normal fetuses from 20 to 41 weeks were measured by FAM echocardiography,and the difference between them were calculated.Early diastolic velocities (Em)of the mitral annular and early diastolic velocities (Em')of the tricuspid annular were estimated by pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging (TDI),meanwhile systolic velocities (Sm)of the mitral annular and systolic velocities (Sm')of the tricuspid annular were also estimated by TDI.Fifty normal fetuses in the second and late trimester were choosed randomly,two-dimension imaging was obtained at the apical four-chamber view,then mitral annular plane and tricuspid annular plane displacement curve were acquired at the same time by using off-line QLab 8.1 software,and the differences in the peak time between them were compared.The trace of annular displacement were recorded by color tissue tracking technology.Results There was a significant difference between FAM-TAPSE and FAM-MAPSE in different gestational weeks (P <0.05),FAM-TAPSE was growing with the increase of gestational weeks,FAM-APSED showed significant positive correlations with gestational week, Em,Sm,Em' and Sm'.Annular plane displacement curve showed that TMAD-TAPSE was higher than TMAD-MAPSE in the entire cardiac cycle,and there was no statistically significant difference in time to peak of the annular plane displacement curve between them(P >0.05).Conclusions The APSED existed in the second and late trimester continually.It was considering associated with fetal ventricular torsion.As the growth of gestational weeks,the increase of APSED reflected the enhanced reserve capacity of the fetal ventricular torsion.APSED can reflect the longitudinal motion and torsion movement of fetal ventricle quantitatively,and can be used as a new index to assess the fetal cardiac function.