[Summary] When accompanied with pulmonary disease ,the lung functions of diabetic patients usually represent decreases of diffusing capacity ,ventilation function ,bronchomotor tone and respiratory muscles. The mechanisms of lung damage may include non‐enzymatic glycosylation of proteins ,oxidative stress ,IR ,local defensive ability change ,and autonomic neuropathy. Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for lung function damage ,and lung function damage is an independently predictive factor of diabetes mellitus. The change of lung function in diabetic patients is associated with age ,duration ,blood glucose level and complications.

Cushing's disease defined as hypercortisolism caused by an ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma.Transsphenoidal surgery is currently the primary therapeutic option for Cushing's disease.The surgery aim is to resect adenoma totally,correct high cortisol status,conserve pituitary function at same time.This review is just about the recent studies about diagnosis and replacement therapy during pri-operation period of Cushing's disease.

Patients with diabetes are prone to combine postprandial hypotension, the reason may be related to diabetic autonomic nerve lesions, but the mechanism is not clear. However, literature published so far is limited on this issue. This paper will combine the past research results, discuss the correlation, and make a review of treatment, aimed at emphasizing its importance and proper management.

Four key attributes,position,rate,shape and force,are programs of pulse tracing put forward by ZHOU Xue-hai,a medical practitioner in late Qing dynasty.The essences of four key attributes are'images'of di erent levels.There are complex relationships between pulse tracing and position,rate,shape and force attributes,which include not only subordinate relationship and static-dynamic relationship between four attributes but double relationship between four attributes and pulse tracing.

Objective To explore the relationship between the sleep quality and diabetic autonomic neuropathy of elder patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 90 elder patients with diabetes in Beijing Hospital was enrolled in this study.Questionnaires of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were completed to evaluate the quality of sleep and Holter was applied to evaluate heart rate variability (HRV).Other related clinical data such as,catecholamine [epinephrine (E);norepinephrine (NE);dopamine (DA)] and diabetes complications were also collected after admission to the hospital.Patients were divided into three groups:the poor-sleeper group,the common-sleeper group and the goodsleeper group according to PSQI score.HRV and the level of catecholamine were compared among three groups.Results The level of HRV including meanNN [(743 ±58) ms vs(824 ±99)ms and (837 ± 104) ms],ASDNN [(30 ± 10) ms vs (39 ± 14) ms and (41 ± 14) ms],very low frequency(VLF) [(15.33 ± 6.10) ms2 vs (22.11 ± 7.94) ms2 and (22.66 ± 7.87) ms2],low frequency (LF) [(8.30 ± 3.95) ms2 vs (12.58±6.11)ms2 and(12.81 ±6.96)ms2] and LF/high frequency(HF) [(1.23 ±0.32) vs (1.56 ± 0.46) and (1.47 ± 0.42)] in the poor-sleeper group were lower than in both the common-sleeper group and good-sleeper group (all P ＜ 0.05).The level of catecholamine in poor-sleeper group [E:(108.91 ± 4.19) ng/L;NE:(1458.0 ± 50.35) ng/L] were lower than both the common-sleeper group [E:(120.23 ± 4.37) ng/L;NE:(1901.09 ± 131.36)ng/L] and the good-sleeper group [E:(118.23 ± 19.9) ng/L;NE:(1771.87 ± 116.73) ng/L] (all P ＜ O.05),suggesting a dysfunction in autonomic nervous system in subject in the poor-sleeper group.Conclusion Sleep quality is associated with the severity of diabetic autonomic neuropathy and might be one of clinical features for diabetic autonomic neuropathy.

Objective To observe the effect of treadmill training on metabotropic glutamate receptor of a middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rat and its underlying mechanisms. Methods Sprague-Dawley male rats of 2 or 3 months old were randomly divided into 3 groups: a sham operation group, an iscbemia-reperfnsion group and a treadmill training group (subject to 2 weeks of training after the ischemia-reperfusion). All the animals were sacri-ficed after 2 weeks of training and their brains were sampled for measurement of the expression level of the striatum mGluR Ⅰ-mRNA, using RT-PCR technique. Results The striatum mRNA of mGluR1 and mGluR5 was signifi-cantly elevated in the ischemia-reperfusion group(P<0.01), but treadmill training significantly suppressed the ele-vation of the expression of mRNA of mGluR1 and mGluR5 (P<0.01). Conclusions Treadmill training can signif-icantly downregulate mGluR Ⅰ-mRNA expression. This might be one of the important mechanisms for inhibition of the excitatory glutamate production.

[Objective]To investigate the expression and the clinical significance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)in the serum and lung tissues of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).[Methods]Eighty-eight eligible inpatients were confirmed by pathology of lung tissues ,including 66 patients with NSCLC and 22 patients with benign lung lesions. ELISA was performed to measure serum concentration of MIF of these patients ,which was compared with 30 healthy individuals. Meanwhile,immunohistochemistry(IHC)was performed to examine the expression of MIF in the lung tissues of the two groups. MIF expression level was compared between two groups and among different subgroups of NSCLC. The correlationship between serum MIF level and high expression rate in lung tissues was also analyzed. All the data were analyzed by SPSS17.0.[Results]The serum concentration of MIF in NSCLC group was significantly higher than that in healthy control(14.79 ng/mL vs 10.69 ng/mL,P=0.001), and was slightly higher but not significantly different from benign lung lesions group(14.79 ng/mL vs 13.68 ng/mL,P=0.580). The comparison among subgroups of NSCLC showed that the serum MIF level was not only correlated with the histological grade and clini?cal stage of the cancer,but also correlated with the gender and smoking history of the host. Immunohistochemistry showed that the MIF high expression rate in the lung tissues of NSCLC was markedly higher than that of benign lung lesions group(30.3%vs 4.5%, P=0.014). Among the subgroups of NSCLC,IHC showed MIF high expression rate was correlated with the histopathologic types and clinical stage of the cancer. Simultaneously ,the serum MIF level showed a positive correlation with MIF expression rate in the lung tissues in all patients and NSCLC group(P<0.05).[Conclusion]MIF was strongly related to the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC. It could be helpful for the diagnosis and clinical evaluation of NSCLC.

Objective To study the effect of Buyang Huanwutang in inhibiting the astroglial reactivity induced by injury in vitro. Methods After cultured the spinal astroglia from newborn Wistar rats for fifteen days, cells were divided into two groups, Buyang Huanwutang group and control group without Chinese herb. Nicked the bottom of cultivated cells and a injured strip of astroglia cells of 1 mm width 15 mm length was made. Immunocytochemistry method was used to demonstrate the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Results From 2 to 48 hours after the nick, GFAP expression and the astroglial reactivity were apparently inhibited by Buyang Huanwutang. Conclusion Buyang Huanwutang can inhibit the astroglial reactive proliferation induced by injury in vitro.

Objective To compare the curative effects between radiofrequency coblation and CO2 Laser in treat-ment of vocal leukoplakia. Methods Clinical data of 29 patients with vocal leukoplakia were retrospectively ana-lyzed. 14 of them were using radiofrequency ablation, the other 15 were using CO2 laser as treatment. Then compare the postoperative pain, postoperative wound healing, the first operation control rate of local recurrence between the two groups. Results Postoperative pain between the two groups has no statistically significance. The mucosal recov-ery of radiofrequency group in 1 month after surgery was better than CO2 laser group. In radiofrequency group, 5 cases suffered recurrence, the recurrence rate was 35.71%; In CO2 laser group, only 1 case suffered recurrence, the recurrence rate was 6.67%. Conclusions Laser and radiofrequency ablation were minimally invasive treatment for vocal cord leukoplakia, while CO2 laser as treatment has lower recurrence rate.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the carbapenemase genotype of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Beijing Tiantan Hospital. METHODS Twenty strains of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii were collected from Beijing Tiantan Hospital. OXA-23,OXA-24,IMP and VIM genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing method. RESULTS All strains produced OXA-23 carbapenemases by PCR and sequencing,and OXA-24,IMP and VIM genes were not found. CONCLUSIONS OXA-23 Carbapenemase is a main type of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii in Beijing Tiantan Hospital.