Objective: Recent studies have suggested that congestive heart failure(CHF) is related to neuroendocrine system and cytokines,and its activation contributes to myocardial remodeling and leads to the development and progression of CHF.Tumour necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) is one of the most important factors.This study intends to establish the animal model of isoproterenol(ISO)-induced CHF in rats and to study the changes of serum TNF-?.Methods:Male SD rats were randomly allocated to the ISO-induced CHF group(n=50) receiving two subcutaneous injections of 170mg ISO per kilogram of body and the healthy control group(n=10) receiving two subcutaneous injections of 0.25ml normal saline.At 18th week,the hemodynamic parameters including HR,LVSP,LVEDP and ?dp/dtmax were assessed.TNF-? in plasma were all detected.Results:Compared with the control group,the LVSP、?dp/dtmax significantly decreased and the HR,LVEDP enlarged notably in CHF group(P

Objective To explore the effect of long-term chronic mild stress on depression-like behaviors and the expression of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) in rats.Methods The standard SD rats were divided into two groups as following:one group (n =6) was treated with chronic mild stress for 3 weeks,and another group (n =5) was treated with chronic mild stress for 6 weeks.Depression-like behaviors of rats was observed by sucrose consumption test and open field test before and after chronic mild stress.And Western Blot,RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were utilized to detect the HSP70 expression in the hippocampus and frontal lobes of rats after chronic mild stress.Results The sucrose favoritism in sucrose consumption test,the scores of crossing and the time for rats' retention in the center grid of open field test in long-term group were higher than those in short term group(P＜ 0.05).HSP70 expression in the hippocampus and frontal lobes of long-term group (0.81 ± 0.08,0.85 ± 0.08)detected by Western Blot and immunohistochemistry was higher that of short-term group (0.60 ± 0.06,0.85 ±0.07).HSP70 expression in the hippocampus of long-term group (0.90 ± 0.05,1.37 ± 0.38)detected by RT-PCR was higher that of short-term group(0.78 ± 0.04,1.08 ± 0.14) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion After long-term chronic mild stress,the depression-like behaviors decrease,and at the same time HSP70 mRNA and protein increase.

To study the identification of Gentianaceae Mongolian medicine Digeda with spectroscopy techniques, near infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry techniques were applied to study on the identification of 4 kinds of Gentianaceae Mongolian medicine Digeda, and characteristic spectrums obtained were systematically analyzed. In NIR study, the four species of Digeda exist some differences in 4 250-4 400 cm(-1) and 5 650-5 800 cm(-1) of one-dimensional spectra, and show significant differences in 4 100- 4 400 cm(-1), 4 401-4 900 cm(-1) and 5 400-5 800 cm(-1) of the second derivative spectra. DSC curves of them present distinct topological pattern, characteristic peak and peak temperature. Using near infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analysis can realize efficient and accurate identification of four kinds of Mongolian medicine Digeda, and provide scientific basis for the efficient and accurate identification of other Gentianaceae Mongolian medicine Digeda.
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; methods ; China ; Gentianaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

Objective To explore the role of inositol requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1α) mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress associated apoptotic molecules in hippocampal neuronal injury in rats with status epilepsy following lithium-pilocarpine.Methods All 96 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and status epilepsy (SE) group.The SE group was further divided into 5 subgroups (3,6,12,24,48 h) according to different time points.pmmunofluorescence was used to observe the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) markers glucose-regulating protein 78 kd (GRP78) and phosphoIRE1α (active form of endoplasmic reticulum resident protein IRE1α) at the CA3 area of rats in each group.Then,the expressions of IRElα mediated downstream apoptotie markers phospho-c-JunN-terminalkinase (JNK) and caspase12 were detected.Finally,TUNEL assay was used to observe neuronal apoptosis of hippocampal CA3 area at different time points after SE in rats.Results Immunofluorescence showed that GRP78 and phospho-IRE1α positive neurons were significantly increased in the SE subgroups compared with control group (6.90％ ± 0.96％,4.60％ ± 1.12％,respectively) and 12 h subgroup reached the peak (GRP78:87.45％ ±3.63％,F =356.82,P ＜0.05; phospho-IRE1α:86.90％ ±3.82％,F =300.80,P ＜ 0.05).Immunohistochemistry and Western blot demonstrated that the levels of phospho-JNK and caspase12 in the SE subgroups were significantly higher than that in the control group which reached the peak at 12 h after SE.The changes were in accord with phospho-IRE1α.Simultaneously,hippocampal neuronal apoptosis was detected in each SE subgroup and was most severe at 12 h after SE,which showed similar changes to the expressions of phospho-IRE1α,phospho-JNK and caspase12.Conclusions ERS was induced in rats following SE evidenced by increasing the expression of GRP78.IRE1α may promote hippocampal neuron apoptosis in rats following SE through activating JNK and caspase12.

Objective To investigate the status of structural empowerment,job stress and burnout,and to explore the relationship aunong them.Methods The questionnaires of CWEQ-Ⅱ,job stressors and MBI were used to investigate 350 nurses working at tertiary-level hospitals.Results The average score of CWEQ-Ⅱ was (2.23±0.59),the score of EE of MBI was (29.75±13.94),PA was (27.40±11.21),both of them showed a high level of exhaustion,DP was (8.07±5.82),which showed a middle level of exhaustion.The findings showed that workload and time pressure were the most frequently encountered job stressor among staff nurses,the score was (3.23±0.95).There was a significant correlation among structural empowerment,job stressors and the level of burnout.Hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modeling showed that structural empowerment had significant influence on every factor of job stressors and burnout,job stressors had significant influence on the every factors of burnout.Conciusins It is suggested to pay attention to the main job stressors,and take proper interventions to enhance nurses' structural empowerment to prevent burnout,and thereby to raise the quality of care.

Clinical features of 2 cases of ectopic ACTH syndrome with manifestation of severe hypercortisonism are described with the aim of exploring effective therapies.

Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Tonsillectomy

Objective To explore the risk factors of lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with traumatic fractures so as to provide references for prevention of DVT. Methods A total of 1 068 patients with traumatic fractures were involved in the study to analyze the incidence of DVT under 43 risk factors including general state, injury type, fracture condition and operation and screen significant factors for multiple factor analysis. Results The total incidence rate of DVT in 1 068 patients was 12.0%. The univariate analysis showed that male patients at age ＞60 years, with BMI≥25 kg/m2, history of smoking, lack of exercises, history of diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease had higher incidence rate of DVT. In different injury types, the fall injury caused the highest incidence rate of DVT (45.6%). There were different DVT rates for different fracture position,with the highest incidence rate of DVT for femur shaft fracture (20.5%). The incidence rate of DVT was 51.7% for fractures of more than three parts, 14.2% for fractures of two parts and only 3.7% for sole part. The incidence rate of DVT for comminuted fractures was higher than the overall rate. The operation duration, massive transfusion during operation and epidural anesthesia were related with the increase of incidence of DVT. Multivariate analysis found nine independent risk factors and showed that the more risk factors were, the higher incidence of DVT was. Conclusions The risk factors of DVT for traumatic fractures include age ＞60 years, BMI≥25 kg/m2, history of smoking, fall injury, more than three parts of fractures, comminuted fractures, operation duration ＞ 2 hours, massive transfusion during operation and epidural anesthesia.

Objective To assess the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist on prostate epithelial cells in vitro.Methods The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ) was studied by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence study.The RWPE-1 human prostate epithelial cell line was treated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone 100 μmol/L for 48 h.Analysis of apoptosis was performed by Caspase 3/7 activity assay.Mitochondria depolarization was measured by using the potential-sensitive color,JC-1.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins-Bax was investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results PPARγ mainly located in nucleus and perinucleus.RWPE-1 cell line treated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone showed higher Caspase 3/7 activity (10636±1032 RLU) than in control (5936±620 RLU),P＜0.01 and significantly upregulated Bax level (8250±694 vs.6017±563)than in control group,P＜0.01.In addition,mitochondrial membrane potential was depolarized in rosiglitazone treated cells.Conclusions PPARmay play important roles in the pathophysiology of BPH.The mechanism might be that PPARγ regulates cell apoptosis.It is suggested that the mitochondrial and Bax pathway might be involved in signaling PPARγ induced cell apoptosis.

ObjectiveTo detect the effect of electroacupuncture combined with acupoint injection of deer melon polypeptide on the bone morpho-genetic protein synovial, BMPs and serum rheumatoid factor IgA-RF, IgM-RF.MethodsA total of 246 patients with Rheumatoid arthritis were divided randomly into control group and combined treatment group, 123 patients in each group. The control group received the treatment of electro-acupuncture, drug and Ultrashort wave therapy, and the combined treatment group continue to receive acupoint injection of deer melon polypeptide after 30 minutes when the treatment of control group was completed. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. The expression of BMPs, MMP-1 and the ESR, serum rheumatoid factor IgA-RF, IgM-RF were detected. The morning stiffness time, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded for outcome assessment.ResultsCompared with control group after treatment, the positive expression rates of ESR (8.79 ±1.61 mm/hvs.12.41 ± 2.57 mm/h,t=3.654), IgM-RF (22.38% ± 5.45%vs.39.57% ± 6.18%,t=2.365), IgA RF (32.84% ± 6.57%vs.49.84% ± 4.20%,t=2.574) in the combined treatment group significantly decreased. Compared with the control group, the expression of BMPs (15.43 ± 2.94vs.7.22 ± 1.52,t=3.914) in the combined treatment group significantly increased, while MMP-1 (8.01% ± 1.54%vs. 15.34% ± 2.47%,t=2.015) in the combined treatment group significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the outcomes VAS (3.37 ± 0.35 vs.5.75 ± 0.39, t=3.251), WOMAC (22.36 ± 3.49vs.30.50 ± 4.11,t=4.021), and morning stiffness (34.32 ± 5.57 minvs. 49.84 ± 4.20 min,t=3.914) in the combined treatment group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The total effect rate (82.11%vs. 71.55%,χ2=12.764) of combined treatment group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture combined with acupoint injection of deer and melon peptide can improve effect rate.