Hydronephrosis is one of the most common urological diseases in children.Most of hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction obstruction.Whether these children need operations were being argued.The current tendency is when the renal function become worse,operation is suggested needed,in order to save the renal function.So the methods how to evaluate the renal function are especially important,this article related to the current research and review.

Objective To determine whether focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signal pathway was involved in migration of hepatocarcinoma cells by inhibiting focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation in HepG2 cells with focal adhesion related nonkinase (FRNK). Methods The recombinant of FRNK and pEGFP-C2, an endogenous inhibitor of FAK activation,was transfected into HepG2 cells. HepG2 migration was examined by transmembrane assay. FAK and phosphatinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) phosphorylation were detected by immunoprecipitation method. Confocal scanning microscopy was used to verify nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B). Results The transfection of FRNK recombinant plasmid could inhibit HepG2 migration, FAK and PI3-K phosphorylation decreased by 50.2 percent and 39.5 percent respectively. Furthermore, NF-?B translocation was down-regulated from 3.495?0.227 to 1.182?0.106. Conclusion These results suggested FAK was a main signal pathway in mediating HepG2 migration. Over expression of FRNK might inhibit signal transduction of FAK via depression of the phosphorylation of PI3-K and NF-?b activation, resulting in the decrease in migration of hepatocarcinoma cell.

[Objective]To review the treating effect of cases of the developmental dysplasia of the hip in old age children by a one-stage combined Pemberton operation and femoral shortening and investgate if the hip joint stiffness rate and ischemic necrosis rate of femoral head after operation are reduced. [Method]From June 2002 to Decempber 2006, 136 hip congenital dislocation of 101 old age children (7 years to 14 years) were treated by Pemberton operation and femoral shortening,and were followed-up from 1.5 years to 4 years(average, 2 years and 7 months).[Result]Thirty-one cases can only bend their hip joint below 90 degrees, accounting for 22.79% of all. Thirty-eight ischemic necrosis of femoral head occurred which accounted for 27.94%.The rate of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head and hip joint stiffness of old age children after operation were reduced obviously according to the standard by Salter.[Conclusion]Pemberton operation and femoral shortening are preferred in treating the developmental dysplasia of the hip of old age children.It can reduce the rate of ischemic necrosis of femoral head and hip joint stiffness.

Objectives To compare the efficiency and clearance of single dose low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) as anticoagulant in hemodiafiltration and hemodialysis.Methods Twenty-two patients were enrolled in the study.A single injection of LMWH(Nadroparin calcium 7500ICUAXa) was given before hemodiafiltration and hemodialysis respectively.The anti-factor-Xa activity and the activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) in plasma were assayed during the treatment,and the dialyzer coagulation was observed.The changes of urea and serum creatinine were measured before and after the treatment.Results The anti-factor-Xa activity of LMWH during hemodiafiltration was lower than that during hemodialysis.However,there was no significant difference in APTT between the two groups.Conclusions A single bolus injection of Nadroparin provides a simple and effective anticoagulation regimen for hemodiafiltration lasting up to four hours.

Objective To explore the role of human urinary trypsin inhibitor(UTI) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods UTI was highly purified from the urine of patients with acute pancreatitis by column chromatography. SAP models were established by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate(NaTc) at dose of 0.1 ml/100 g weight under pancreatic capsule. The interleukin 6(IL 6) level in each group was measured by ELISA. Results ① The highly purified UTI with high yield was harvested. ② SAP models were established successfully. ③ The level of IL 6 in SAP group was significantly higher than that in NC, but in UTI group, the increase was not obvious. Conclusion The alleviating effect of UTI on the pathological damage degree in rats with SAP is related to the inhibitive effect of UTI on the expression of IL 6.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevention and treatment of pneumonia in patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI).MethodsData of 278 patients with acute traumatic CSCI admitted from 1988 to 2004 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Pneumonia was the major complication following acute CSCI and discovered by radiography during the first 3—33 days after injury. The all cases were nosocomial pneumonia and G- bacilli were main pathogens, particularly pseudomonas aeruginosa. The incidence of pneumonia of patients with score ≤6 according to the criteria of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) was significantly higher than those with ASIA score >6 (P<0.001).ConclusionThe high incidence of pneumonia in the CSCI is associated with the level and completeness of the injury. The G- bacilli causing nosocomial infection are main pathogens.

Objective To investigate visuospatial-visuoconstructional ability in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).Methods The subjects were divided into three groups:122(51 males and 71 females)in the normal control group; 205(95 males and 110 females)in the MCI group,including 133 amnestic MCI(aMCI)and 72 non-amnestic MCI(naMCI),and 75(36 males and 39 females)in the Alzheimer' s disease(AD)group.The subjects were assessed for visuospatial-visuoconstructional ability by three tests:Rey-Osterrieth Complement Fixation Test(CFT),Clock Drawing Task(CDT),and Stick Test.Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE)was also performed in all groups.SPSS 11.5 statistical software was used for statistic analysis; Chi-square test was used to analyze enumeration data; One-way analysis of variance was used in pairwise comparison between the groups,and Bonferroni and LSD methods were used for multiple comparison.Results(1)The average MMSE score in the normal control group,MCI group and AD group was 28.24 ± 1.74,27.39 ± 1.83 and 19.98 ±3.23,respectively.(2)In the normal control group,either CFT imitating score or total CDT score had no obvious correlation with age or education,while Stick Test-Rotating part(STR)was correlated with age(r =-0.179,P ＜ 0.05),but had no significant correlation with education.(3)There were correlations between CFT imitating score and total CDT score (r =0.337),CFT imitating score and STR(r =0.232),and total CDT score and STR(r =0.235).The correlations were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.01).(4)CFT imitating and total CDT showed the greatest correlation with Trail Making Test B and Stroop Color Word Test Card C time consumption,an indicator of executive function.STR had greatest correlation with Auditory Verbal Learning Test,an index of memory.There were significant differences in CFT imitating,total CDT score and STR among the normal,MCI and AD groups(P ＜ 0.01).(5)STR is a more informative test to be used in diagnosis of MCI than CFT imitating and total CDT score,as shown by comparison of these tests in three subjects groups.Conclusion Visuospatial-visuoconstructional ability impairment is one of the symptoms of MCI.In detection of MCI,the assessment of space rotating ability is better than CFT imitating and total CDT score.

Objective To present the development of the Naming test tool ( Huashan Naming Test, HNT)for Chinese cultural and by amnestic mild cognitive impairment ( aMCI ) and mild Alzheimer' s disease (AD) between the detection of memory decline,and to analyze the validity of its trial.Methods 100 normal elders from communities in Shanghai, 100 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 95 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) who received an education of junior high school or above and were evaluated by neuropsychological tests including mini mental state examination ( MMSE), auditory verbal memory test, Huashan Naming tests etc.8 cognitive tests.The groups of MCI and AD patients finished cranial MRI.100 items with HNT including 20 animals,10 vegetables,10 fruits ,20 tools ,20 household , 10 vehicles, 10 stationery.Results 1.HNT items to determine: 22 items were excluded due to the completion of the three groups were not significantly different; 8 items were excluded due to the completion of the normal elderly group was lower than 75%; 10 items were excluded from the analysis of variance Fvalue of the minimum value.The remaining 60 items,according to the size of the arrangement and completion rates were divided into two versions of odd and even, respectively HNT-Ⅰ and HNT-Ⅱ.2.HNT characteristics:in normal elderly group age, sex were found to had no significant factors affecting overall scores of HNT-Ⅰ and HNT-Ⅱ but level of education, MMSE score was significantly correlated (P ＜0.05).As cut-off score ≤ 26 for spontaneous naming of HNT,the sensitivities of HNT-Ⅰ for aMCI ,mild AD were 44%, 84% respectively, specificities were all around 84%; the sensitivities of HNT-Ⅱ for aMCI , mild AD were 56% ,83% respectively,specificities were all around 80%.Conclusion HNT is a Chinese cultural background,time-consuming short and good name validity test,and it is worth further promoting the application.

The roots of Pittosporum glabratum Lindl. (Pittosporaceae) have been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of rheumatic arthritis, insomnia and hypertension. Only a few chemical or biological studies on P. glabratum have been reported. As part of our ongoing phytochemical research on this plant, four compounds were isolated. Their structures were identified as 3beta, 6beta, 19alpha, 21alpha, 24-pentahydroxy-12-en-28-oleanolic acid (1), 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl siaresinolic acid (2), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl-1-O-beta-D-(5-O-syringoyl)-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3) and 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenol-1-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4) on the basis of physical evidence and spectroscopic analysis. Among them, compound 1 is a new triterpenoid, and compounds 2-4 are isolated from the genus Pittosporum for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecule mechanism of Salidroside inducing directional differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into neuronal cells.

METHODSThe mouse multipotent mesenchymal precursor cell line (D1) was taken as the objective. Cultured MSCs were divided into the negative control group (complete culture solution), the positive control group (containing 1 mmol/L β-mercaptoethanol), the Salidroside induced group (20 mg/L Salidroside), and the blocked group (20 ng/ ml DKK1, a special inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway). All cells were inoculated in a 6-well plate (1 x 10(4) cells/cm2) and grouped for 24 h. The expression of p-catenin was detected by fluorescence Immunochemistry in the negative control group, the positive control group, and the Salidroside induced group. The expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), beta 3 class III tubulin (β-tubulin III), nuclear receptor related factor 1 (Nurr1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA, Wnt3a, β-catenin, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein6 (LRP6), Axin mRNA were detected using reverse transcrip- tion PCR (RT-PCR). The expression of β-catenin and NSE protein were analyzed by Western blot in the negative control group, the positive control group, and the Salidroside induced group. Ca2+ chelating agents (EGTA), L-type Ca2+ channel blocker (Nifedpine), and IP3Ks special inhibitor (LY294002) were used to block Ca2+ signal pathway respectively. The expression of Wnt3a, LRP-6, Axin, glycogen syn- thase kinase (GSK-3), and β-catenin mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. The β-catenin protein expression was analyzed using Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the positive control group, β-catenin protein was strong positively expressed; the expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin, LRP6, Axin, NSE, β-tubulin III, Nurr1 mRNA, and NSE protein were obviously up-regulated in the Salidroside induced group (P < 0.01). Compared with the positive control group and the Salidroside induced group, β-catenin, NSE, Nurr1, and β-tubulin III mRNA expression decreased; β-catenin and NSE protein expression were also down-regulated in the blocked group (P < 0.01). Compared with the Salidroside induced group, the expression of Wnt3a, LRP-6, β-catenin, and Axin mRNA were down-regulated in the Ca2+ signal blocked group and the salidroside induced group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSalidroside affected directional differentia- tion of MSCs into neuronal cells through Wnt/β-catenin and Ca2+ signal pathway.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6 ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; physiology ; Mice ; Neurons ; Phenols ; pharmacology ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; RNA, Messenger ; Signal Transduction ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; physiology ; beta Catenin ; metabolism