Objective To investigate the relationship between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and islet α-cell and β-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Four hundred and thirty-seven patients with T2DM were divided into 3 groups according to the level of FPG:F1 group:FPG ≤ 6 mmol/L (73 cases),F2 group:6 mmol/L ＜ FPG ≤ 7 mmol/L (103 cases),and F3 group:FPG ＞ 7mmol/L (261 cases),and 30 cases of healthy people were selected as control group.Oral glucose tolerance test,insulin releasing test and glucagon releasing test were performed to observe the differences of glucagon,glucagon/ insulin,the ratio of 30 min insulin and blood glucose value after glucose load (△ I30/△ G30),and the area under curve of insulin (AUC1) among the 4 groups and the correlation analysis was performed between glucagon and other indicators.Results Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),plasma glucose 120 at min after glucose load in F1,F2 and F3 group were significantly higher than those in control group,and there were statistical differences (P ＜0.05).In F1,F2,F3 group,with the increase of the HbA1c,the course of disease and plasma glucose at 120 min after glucose load showed increasing trend.The triglyceride in F2 group and F3 group was significantly higher than that in F1 group and control group,and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in F3 group was significantly higher than that in F1 group,F2 group and control group,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The glucagon at 60,120 min after glucose load in F1 group,30,60,120 min after glucose load in F2 group,and 30,60,120,180 min after glucose load in F3 group was significantly higher than that in control group,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The glucagon at 60,120,180 min after glucose load in F2 group,at fasting and 30,60,120,180 rain after glucose load in F3 group was significantly higher than that in F1 group,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The glucagon at fasting and 30,60,120,180 min after glucose load in F3 group was significantly higher than that in F2 group,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The area under curve of glucagon in control group was 9.5 ±0.3,in F1 group was 9.7 ± 0.2,in F2 group was 9.9 ± 0.2,in F3 group was 10.2 ± 0.3,and there were statistical differences among the 4 groups (P ＜ 0.05).The glucagon/insulin at fasting and 30,60 min after glucose load in F1 groups,fasting and 30,60,120 min after glucose load in F2 group,fasting and 30,60,120 min after glucose load in F3 group was significantly higher than that in control group,and there were statistical differences (P＜ 0.05).The glucagon/insulin at fasting and 60,120 min after glucose load in F2 group,fasting and 30,60,120,180 min after glucose load in F3 group was significantly higher than that in F1 group,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The glucagon/insulin 30,60,120,180 min after glucose load in F3 group was significantly higher than that in F2 group,and there were statistical differences (P＜ 0.05).The homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in F2 group and F3 group was significantly higher than that in control group and F1 group,in F3 group was significantly higher than that in F2 group,and there were statistical differences (P＜ 0.05).The insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in F2 group and F3 group was significantly lower than that in control group and F1 group,in F3 group was significantly lower than that in F2 group,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The homeostasis model of assessment for islet β-cell function index (HOMA-β) and △I30/△G30 in F1,F2,F3 group were significantly lower than those in control group,and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The AUC1 in F2 group was significantly lower than that in control group,and AUC1 in F3 group was significantly lower than that in control group,F1 group and F2 group,there were statistical differences (P ＜0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed there was negative correlation between glucagon and △I30/△G30,HOMA-β,body mass index,ISI,AUC1 (r =-0.229,-0.153,-0.151,-0.146,-0.136,P＜0.01 or ＜0.05),and there was positive correlation between glucagon and FPG,area under curve of glucose (AUCG),HbA1c,course of disease and HOMA-IR (r =0.545,0.476,0.273,0.193,0.189,P ＜ 0.01).The results of multiplestepwise regression analysis showed there was positive correlation between glucagon and FPG,AUCG,HbA1c,course of disease (P ＜0.01 or ＜0.05),and there was negative correlation between glucagon and △I30/△ G30 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Islet β-cell function is decreased with the increasing of FPG,while islet α-cell function is increased,especially in those with higher levels of FPG.Regulation of glucagon should be concerned to make the blood glucose target easier to reach,at the same time of protecting β-cell function.

Objective:To study vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) in bladder carcinoma and its relationship with clinical pathology.Methods:VEGFR of bladder carcinoma samples (50 cases) and normal bladder tissues (20 cases) was detected with immunohistochemistry which was streptomyces-antibiotin-peroxidase-linkage-Technique (Technique SP).Results:VEGFR was positive in most of bladder carcinoma cases.Percentage was 74%.Expression level had positive relationship with pathologicl level and tissue grade.Conclusion:VEGFR was positive in bladder carcinoma.It indicated that VEGFR had important function in angiogenesis of bladder carcinoma. [

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy of treating chronic persistent bronchial asthma (CPBA) children with abnormal myocardial enzyme spectrum (AMES) by Yupingfeng Powder (YP) combined routine therapy.

METHODSFrom January 2010 to December 2012, 156 CPBA children patients with AMES were randomly assigned to the treatment group (80 cases) and the control group (76 cases). All patients received routine treatment (inhaled corticosteroids and/or leukotriene regulator). Besides, those in the treatment group took YP. The treatment duration was 3 months. The scores of children asthma control test (C-ACT), pulmonary function (FEV,% and PEF%), myocardial enzyme spectrum were observed before and after treatment, and 3 months before and after treatment. The myocardial enzyme spectrum of 40 healthy children at the baby clinics during the same period were recruited as the control.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), creatine kinase(CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased in the two treatment groups (P <0.01), but there was no statistical difference in AST (P >0.05). Compared with before treatment in the same group, CK-MB, CK, LDH, and AST decreased in the treatment group after treatment and 3 months after treatment (P <0.01). CK-MB, CK, LDH, and AST decreased in the control group 3 months after treatment (P <0.01, P <0.05).Compared with after treatment, CK decreased in the control group 3 months after treatment (P <0.01). C-ACT score, FEV(1),%, and PEF% all increased in the two groups after treatment and 3 months after treatment (P <0.01, P <0.05). Compared with after treatment in the same group, CK decreased in the control group 3 months after treatment (P <0. 01). Compared with the control group in the same period, post-treatment CK-MB and CK decreased (P <0. 01, P <0. 05), while post-treatment C-ACT score, FEV, %, and PEF% increased (P <0.05) in the treatment group (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONYP could strengthen specific and non-specific immunity of the organism, and improve clinical symptoms and the level of myocardial enzyme spectrum.

Asthma ; therapy ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; therapy ; Creatine Kinase, MB Form ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; enzymology

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of CEREC chairside on atypical porcelain inlay restoring class [[cavity.Methods 30 patients that required re-treatment because of resin restoration failure and early posterior proximal caries were selected randomly.The original fillings,secondary carious tissues and undercut parts were removed.The clear and round edge lines were prepared.With Sirona CEREC Blocs,35 atypical ceramic inlays were produced in accordance with CEREC AC CAD/CAM standard procedures.After clinical trial and modification,the inlays were bonded with 3M Veneer resin adhesive cement.Evaluation was done immediately and 3,6,12 and 24 months after restoration.Two senior prosthodontists did the evaluation according to the modified USPHS criteria.Results The evaluation results were all A when estimated immediately after restoration.None inlay falled off during the first two years.However,3 inlay were found to be damaged when reviewed at the 24th month.There exsited two patients having mild symptoms of dentine hypersensitivity which appeared at the beginning and died out gradually.Generally speaking,more than 90％ of inlay restorations had reached the USPHS criteria A.Color match and retention represented better effects.Conclusions CEREC atypical ceramic inlays can effectively restore Class Ⅱ cavity,short-term effect is good,but long-term effect still needs further observations.

After testing the resistance of Streptomycin to the strain NS-41-80 which is the Meilingmycin producer- Streptomyces nanchangensis , a lot of streptomycin-resistant ( str ) mutants were screened after the spores regenerated on the lethal media when they were treated with 4 different dosage of super-mutagent EMS. We have abtained the high-yield strain 80-5. 11-221 from these str mutants which only produces Meilingmycin and no Nanchangmycin in the rotation-flask experiments. The productivity of 80-5. 11-221 is 1521?g/mL 77. 9% higher than CK's 855?g/mL. After the shake flask fermentation experiment of 80-5. 11-221 for six generations, the productivity of F 2 and F 3 is stable and the productivity of F 4?F 5?F 6 decreases hastily with the increment of generations. It was showed that the chemical-resistance mutation of the strains had closely relation with yield mutation and the EMS dosage of the yield mutation was higher than the resistance-chemical mutation's through the statistical analysis between the dosage of mutation and the chemical-resistance mutational frequency?the variate capacity of the mutants' yield. A model of the resistance-chemical mutational labelling rational selection of the strain producing Meilingmycin was established.

Objective To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of Wunderlich syndrome (WS).Methods Fifteen patients with WS were included from September 2008 to February 2014, and their clinical features, diagnosis and treatment were retrospectively reviewed.The most common clinical manifestations were flank or abdominal pain (15/15), hypovolemic shock (5/15), gross hematuria (4/15) and percussion pain on kidney region ( 15/15 ) .Laboratory tests showed anemia ( 9/15 ) and coagulation abnormalities (5/15).Five of 15 cases were critical patients with moderate to severe shock ( systolic blood pressure≤90 mmHg, 1 mmHg =0.133 kPa ) accompanied with severe anemia ( Hb <60 g/L ) and coagulation abnormalities.Results In the acute stage, the diagnostic ratios of ultrasonography and contrast enhanced CT for WS were 11/15 and 15/15, and cause determination ratios were 4/15 and 10/15, respectively.The latter was significantly higher than the former ( P <0.05 ) .Contrast enhanced MRI was performed in 5 cases, and the results were identical to those of CT.According to the causes made by emergent imaging, critical patients underwent emergent operations or renal arteriography plus selective arterial embolization, and the other patients underwent conservative management, emergency operations, or renal arteriography plus selective arterial embolization, respectively.The causes of WS included angiomyolipoma (8 cases), renal cell carcinoma (3 cases), metastatic tumor of lung cancer (1 case) and renal cyst (3 cases) in this study.The mean follow-up period was 34 months.One critical patient died, and all the other patients were cured or relieved.Conclusions WS has no specific clinical features.Contrast enhanced CT or MRI is the main approach for diagnosis and cause determination, which is superior to ultrasonography.Treatments for WS vary according to severity classification and imaging diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the treament of central retinal artery occlusion by thrombolysis infusion via super selective ophthalmic artery catheterization.Design Retrospective,observational case series.Participants 21 eyes of 21 patients with CRAO. Methods 21 patients with CRAO were diagnosed by stereoscopic color fundus photography and flouorescein fundus angiography, and were treated by urokinase infusion via super select ophthalmic artery catheterization seldinger technique.Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity and the postoperative complications.Results In the 21 patients,10 had showed the occlusion of ophthalmic arterial trunk by super selective internal carotid artery angiography,the others can be found the appearance of ophthalmic arterial trunk and all patients had undergone thrombolysis therapy successfully.Imaging times of central retinal artery before and after thrombolysis infusion treatment are 38.18?10.86 seconds,12.65?3.30 seconds(t=-11.89,P=0.000).Mean foflow-up time is 3.23?1.26 months.After the treatment,the visual acuity was more than 0.25 in 4 patients,improved to different extent in 9 and remained unchanged in 8. Conclusions Super selective arterial catheterization with thrombolysis for CRAO can improve the visual acuity of the patients,a speedy execution of all internal,neurological,and ophthalmology diagnostic measures;and a prompt therapy are necessary.

lusions Cardiac MSCT can accurately assess the RV size and function in comparison to MRI. Patients with severe COPD have RV dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the value of cytokinesis-block micronuclei(CBMN)assay in estimation of the biological doses of the victims of radiation accident.Methods Samples of peripheral blood were collected from the 5 victims(Subjects 1-5)at 16 h after the radiation accident of Taiyuan,Shanxi Province.And the peripheral blood samples and bone marrow sample were collected from the victim No.1 at 23 and 24 h after the radiation.Eight days after the accident Subject 1 underwent allogeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.At difierent time points in the period of 1 year after the accident.peripheral blood samples were collected from these 5 victims.CBMN assay was conducted on the peripheral blood lymphocytes on the samples,and the biological doses were estimated based on the micronuclei(MN)frequencies.The nuclear division index(NDI)obtained from in vitro irradiation experiment using high dose of 60Coγ-rays was used to estimate the exposed doses for Subject 1. Dynamic arialysis of the MN frequency for the 5 victims was performed in the period of 1 year after the accident.Results The MN frequency of Subject 1 surpassed the value corresponding to the upper limit of the MN dose.effective curve.The dose range estimated bv the combination of the CBMN and NDI (CBMN+NDl)assay was 10-20 Gy for Subject 1.The doses estimated by MN frequency for Subjects 2,3,4,and 5 were 3.6,2.9,2.3,and 2.9 Gy,respectively.The estimated doses were in accordance with those estimated by physicat method.chromosome aberration analysis.and clinical symptoms.Prominent decrease of the MN frequency was observed at 26 d after the accident(18 d after the transplantation)for Subject 1(u=3.295,P<0.05).Gradual decrease of MN frequency was observed after the accident for Subjects 2,3,4,and 5.The MN frequencies 1 month after the accident of Subjects 3,4,and 5 were all significantly lower than those 16 h later(u=6.874,4.526,and 7.811,P<0.05).Conclusions Quick and accurate.CBMN assay reinforces and verifies the result of chromosome aberration analysis.The new index CBMN+NDI assay is of reference valne for estimating higher dose of irradiation.

Objective To investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms in GSTA1 and the clinical outcome of breast cancer patients treated with cyclophosphamide-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods A total of 137 breast cancer patients receiving cyclophosphamide-based adjuvant chemotherapy were recruited ( 124 cases with infiltrative ductal carcinoma, 5 cases with infiltrative lobular carcinoma and 8 cases with other histological types). PCR-LDR method was used to detect the genotypes of GSTA1. Survival curves were generated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and verified by the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate the prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. Results Of the 137 breast cancer patients, the genotypic frequencies of the GSTA1 * A/* A,* A/* B and * B/* B were 67.2% ( 92/137 ), 31.4% ( 43/137 ) and 1.5% ( 2/137 ), respectively. No significant differences were found between the genotypic frequencies and groups categorization according to age, stage, lymph node metastasis, ER or PR status (x2 = 0. 722,1. 967, 3. 303, 0. 226 and 0. 709, all P ＞0. 05 ) ;through Fisher exact test, also no significant differences were found between the genotypic frequencies and group categorization according to tumor size, histological types and grading ( all P ＞ 0. 05 ) . The recurrence rates in patients with GSTA1 * A/* A and * A/* B or * B/* B genotypes were 47. 8% (44/92) and 31.1% ( 14/45 ), respectively, and the mortality rates were 22. 8% ( 21/92 ) and 17. 8% ( 8/45 ),respectively. Patients with GSTA1 * A/* B and * B/* B genotypes were significantly associated with reduced hazard of relapse (x2 =18.723, P＜0. 01)and mortality (x2 =7.352, P＜0.01), compared to cases with the common * A/* A genotypes, according to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test. Moreover,Cox multivariate analysis showed that GSTA1 polymorphisms appeared to be an independent risk factor for recurrence-free survival ( OR =0. 222, 95% CI:0. 108-0. 458, P ＜0. 01 ) and overall survival ( OR =0. 362,95% CI:0. 145-0. 902, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion These data indicate that GSTA1 polymorphism may be a potential prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival and overall survival in breast cancer patients treated with cyclophosphamide-based adjuvant chemotherapy.