BACKGROUND: LY01005 (Goserelin acetate sustained-release microsphere injection) is a modified gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist injected monthly. This phase III trial study aimed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of LY01005 in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial across 49 sites in China. This study included 290 patients with prostate cancer who received either LY01005 or goserelin implants every 28 days for three injections. The primary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients with testosterone suppression ≤50 ng/dL at day 29 and the cumulative probability of testosterone ≤50 ng/dL from day 29 to 85. Non-inferiority was prespecified at a margin of -10%. Secondary endpoints included significant castration (≤20 ng/dL), testosterone surge within 72 h following repeated dosing, and changes in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prostate specific antigen levels. RESULTS: On day 29, in the LY01005 and goserelin implant groups, testosterone concentrations fell below medical-castration levels in 99.3% (142/143) and 100% (140/140) of patients, respectively, with a difference of -0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], -3.9% to 2.0%) between the two groups. The cumulative probabilities of maintaining castration from days 29 to 85 were 99.3% and 97.8%, respectively, with a between-group difference of 1.5% (95% CI, -1.3% to 4.4%). Both results met the criterion for non-inferiority. Secondary endpoints were similar between groups. Both treatments were well-tolerated. LY01005 was associated with fewer injection-site reactions than the goserelin implant (0% vs . 1.4% [2/145]). CONCLUSION: LY01005 is as effective as goserelin implants in reducing testosterone to castration levels, with a similar safety profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04563936.
Humans ; Male ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use* ; East Asian People ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists* ; Goserelin/therapeutic use* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Testosterone

BACKGROUND: Acute heart failure (AHF) is the most common disease in emergency departments (EDs). However, clinical data exploring the outcomes of patients presenting AHF in EDs are limited, especially the long-term outcomes. The purposes of this study were to describe the long-term outcomes of patients with AHF in the EDs and further analyze their prognostic factors. METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, cohort study consecutively enrolled 3335 patients with AHF who were admitted to EDs of 14 hospitals from Beijing between January 1, 2011 and September 23, 2012. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were adopted to evaluate 5-year outcomes and associated predictors. RESULTS: The 5-year mortality and cardiovascular death rates were 55.4% and 49.6%, respectively. The median overall survival was 34 months. Independent predictors of 5-year mortality were patient age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.027, 95 confidence interval [CI]: 1.023-1.030), body mass index (BMI) (HR: 0.971, 95% CI: 0.958-0.983), fatigue (HR: 1.127, 95% CI: 1.009-1.258), ascites (HR: 1.190, 95% CI: 1.057-1.340), hepatic jugular reflux (HR: 1.339, 95% CI: 1.140-1.572), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III to IV (HR: 1.511, 95% CI: 1.291-1.769), heart rate (HR: 1.003, 95% CI: 1.001-1.005), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (HR: 0.996, 95% CI: 0.993-0.999), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (HR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.008-1.020), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)/N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level in the third (HR: 1.426, 95% CI: 1.220-1.668) or fourth quartile (HR: 1.437, 95% CI: 1.223-1.690), serum sodium (HR: 0.980, 95% CI: 0.972-0.988), serum albumin (HR: 0.981, 95% CI: 0.971-0.992), ischemic heart diseases (HR: 1.195, 95% CI: 1.073-1.331), primary cardiomyopathy (HR: 1.382, 95% CI: 1.183-1.614), diabetes (HR: 1.118, 95% CI: 1.010-1.237), stroke (HR: 1.252, 95% CI: 1.121-1.397), and the use of diuretics (HR: 0.714, 95% CI: 0.626-0.814), β-blockers (HR: 0.673, 95% CI: 0.588-0.769), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) (HR: 0.714, 95% CI: 0.604-0.845), angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) (HR: 0.790, 95% CI: 0.646-0.965), spironolactone (HR: 0.814, 95% CI: 0.663-0.999), calcium antagonists (HR: 0.624, 95% CI: 0.531-0.733), nitrates (HR: 0.715, 95% CI: 0.631-0.811), and digoxin (HR: 0.579, 95% CI: 0.465-0.721). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study demonstrate poor 5-year outcomes of patients presenting to EDs with AHF. Age, BMI, fatigue, ascites, hepatic jugular reflux, NYHA class III to IV, heart rate, DBP, BUN, BNP/NT-proBNP level in the third or fourth quartile, serum sodium, serum albumin, ischemic heart diseases, primary cardiomyopathy, diabetes, stroke, and the use of diuretics, β-blockers, ACEIs, ARBs, spironolactone, calcium antagonists, nitrates, and digoxin were independently associated with 5-year all-cause mortality.
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; Beijing/epidemiology* ; Biomarkers ; Cohort Studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure/mortality* ; Humans ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Peptide Fragments ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies

BACKGROUNDThe emergency department (ED) has a pivotal influence on the management of acute heart failure (AHF), but data concerning current ED management are scarce. This Beijing AHF Registry Study investigated the characteristics, ED management, and short- and long-term clinical outcomes of AHF.

METHODSThis prospective, multicenter, observational study consecutively enrolled 3335 AHF patients who visited 14 EDs in Beijing from January 1, 2011, to September 23, 2012. Baseline data on characteristics and management were collected in the EDs. Follow-up data on death and readmissions were collected until November 31, 2013, with a response rate of 92.80%. The data were reported as median (interquartile range) for the continuous variables, or as number (percentage) for the categorical variables.

RESULTSThe median age of the enrolled patients was 71 (58-79) years, and 46.84% were women. In patients with AHF, coronary heart disease (43.27%) was the most common etiology, and myocardium ischemia (30.22%) was the main precipitant. Most of the patients in the ED received intravenous treatments, including diuretics (79.28%) and vasodilators (74.90%). Fewer patients in the ED received neurohormonal antagonists, and 25.94%, 31.12%, and 33.73% of patients received angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, and spironolactone, respectively. The proportions of patients who were admitted, discharged, left against medical advice, and died were 55.53%, 33.58%, 7.08%, and 3.81%, respectively. All-cause mortalities at 30 days and 1 year were 15.30% and 32.27%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSSubstantial details on characteristics and ED management of AHF were investigated. The clinical outcomes of AHF patients were dismal. Thus, further investigations of ED-based therapeutic approaches for AHF are needed.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of CC-chemokine receptor 7(CCR7) in patients with multiple myeloma(MM) and its correlation with clinical features of MM.

METHODSThe level of CCR7 expression in bone marrow samples from 53 newly diagnosed MM patients was detected by flow cytometry(FCM). Statistical methods were used to analyze the correlation between CCR7 expression and clinical features, such as sex, age, M protein, peripheral blood cell count, biochemical indicators, plasma cell ratio of bone marrow, immunophenotype, osteopathy and extramedullary disease.

RESULTSThe plasma cells in 24 out of 53 cases(45.28%) expressed CCR7. The rate of extramedullary disease in CCR7 positive group was significantly higher than that in CCR7 negative group (29.17% vs 3.45%)(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of CCR7 in patients with MM is high, moreover this high expression correlates with extramedullary disease, thus CCR7 can be used as an effective indicator for prediction of extramedullary disease.

To study different breed pigs reply the swine flu virus infections,specific antibody of sIgA secretion regularity of respiratory tract and the differences of sIgA antibody according to different antigen proteins were detected.A/swine/Nanjing/ 51/2010(H3N2) was intranasally infected pigs (1 × 107 TCID50/mL and 2 mL/pig),and then the nasal swab samples were collected at different time points within 21 days after infection.M1,NS1 and PB1 recombinant protein,respectively,were used to establish indirect ELISA method for detecting specific antibody of sIgA,and to analyze its secretion regularity.Results displayed that there was no significant difference among three kinds of recombinant protein in the whole test,characterizing by specificity sIgA antibody levels rising rapidly after 5 infection days and reaching peak at day 14,then began to decline.Among different varieties of pigs,sIgA antibody production of PB1 protein in Obama group was significantly higher than that in binary pigs at 14th and 21st day (P＜0.05).It had no significant difference between M1 group and the NS1 group (P＞0.05).This experiment preliminary explores the secretion regularity of specificity sIgA antibody after infected swine flu virus,which laid a foundation for further study of SIV mucosal antibody diagnostic reagents.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of CC-chemokine Receptor 7 (CCR7) in adult acute leukemia patients, and to analyze the relationship of CCR7 expression with the clinical characteristics of patients.

METHODSThe expression of CCR7 in bone marrow samples from adult acute leukemia patients were detected by flow cytometry (FCM), the relationship of CCR7 expression with the clinical characteristics of patients such as sex, age, WBC count, blast cell ratio, CD56 expression, molecular biology, cell genetics, risk stratification, extramedullary infiltration was analyzed.

RESULTSThe expression rate of CCR7 in adult ALL and AML patients was 36.8% and 9.6%, respectively, and the expression level of CCR7 in ALL patients was higher than that in AML patients (P < 0.05). The extramedullary infiltration rate was 100% and 41.7 % for CCR7 positive and negative groups of ALL, respectively (P < 0.05). While the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in extramedullary infiltration group of ALL was higher than that in none-extramedullary infiltration group of ALL (50.00 ± 10.42 vs 18.14 ± 1.39), respectively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCCR7 is higher expressed in adult acute leukemia cells, moreover its expression rate in ALL is higher than that in AML, and the expression of CCR7 is related with extramedullary infiltration in ALL.

Adult ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Leukocyte Count ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, CCR7 ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To detect the blood parameter, blood biochemical and electrolyte indices of the F1 generation of Rongshui miniature pig ( RMP) .Methods The blood of 43 female and 42 male RMPs of 4 th month old, and 36 RMPs of 12th month old ( half male and female) were extracted from jugular vein.And the blood parameter, blood biochemical and electrolyte indices were detected by blood analyzer and automatic biochemical analyzer.Results In the same month-old RMP, no significant difference between male and female were found in most indices of blood parameter, blood biochemical and electrolyte indices.On the other hand, many indices were difference between 4th month old and 12th month old RMPs of same gender.Compared with the 4th month old RMP, the 12th month old RMP decreased significantly in WBC and PLT, increased in HGB ( P <0.05 ) while RBC was the same ( P >0.05 ) .Serum ALT, AST, ALP, CK (male), LDH(male), A/G, BUN, GLU (female), CHOL (male) and K+decreased significantly (P <0.05), while serum TP, TBIL, CR and Ca2+increased significantly (P <0.05),but serum CHOL, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were not different.86.4%(19/22) biochemical and electrolyte indices in RMP were in/or close to the range of normal value of human.Conclusion Most of the blood parameter, blood biochemical and electrolyte indices of RMP were close to human’ s normal value.

AlM:To investigate the prevalence of pterygium of the household population aged 40 and above in Hengli Town of Dongguan.
METHODS: Using the method of cluster random sampling, select 3 628 people aged 40 and above in four villages and one community for visual examination, intraocular pressure check, slit lamp examination and questionnaire.
RESULTS: The actual number of subjects was 3 393 people, and examination rate was 93. 52%. We detected 843 patients with pterygium. The prevalence of pterygium was 24. 85%.
CONCLUSlON:There is high prevalence of pterygium in Dongguan area. The prevalence of pterygium is related with age and working environment, but has no relation with gender.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of neonatal Fc receptor in podocytes in human nephritis and immune-induced rat nephritis models: anti-Thy1.1 nephritis and Heymann nephritis.

METHODSThirty-nine cases of renal biopsies were enrolled from September 2009 to February 2010, including 8 cases of minimal change disease, 4 cases of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 9 cases of membranous nephropathy, 12 cases of IgA nephropathy and 6 cases of lupus nephritis. Five normal kidney tissue samples adjacent to renal clear-cell carcinoma were served as normal controls. Laser capture microdissection and real-time RT-PCR were used to assess the expression level of FcRn mRNA in glomeruli of various glomerulonephritides, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of FcRn by SuperVision method was performed. In addition, rat models of mesangial proliferative nephritis (anti-Thy1.1 nephritis) and passive membranous nephropathy (Heymann nephritis) were established and FcRn was examined in renal tissues by IHC.

RESULTSThe FcRn mRNA level in lupus nephritis was statistically higher than that of normal controls (P < 0.05). FcRn protein expression by IHC was seen in lupus nephritis (6/6), membranous nephropathy (6/9) and IgA nephropathy (7/12), significantly higher than that of normal controls (0/5), P < 0.05. Minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerular sclerosis showed minimal or none expression of FcRn (1/8, 0/4 respectively) and not statistically difference from that of normal controls. Furthermore, FcRn expression in podocytes was detected in rat anti-Thy1.1 (3/5) and Heymann nephritis models (2/7) but was not detected in normal controls.

CONCLUSIONSExpression of FcRn in podocytes was up-regulated in immune-induced human nephritis and rat nephritis models of anti-Thy1.1 nephritis and Heymann nephritis. FcRn may play a role in the development of immune-induced glomerulonephritis.

Animals ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Laser Capture Microdissection ; Lupus Nephritis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Nephritis ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Podocytes ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Fc ; genetics ; metabolism ; Thy-1 Antigens ; immunology ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

This article reveals the similarities and differences between the two materia medica systems of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Mongolian medicine by comparing the medicinal property theories of these two; our expectations are the mutual profits and complementation of the two traditional medicines from each other, a broader clinical use of natural medicinal herbs, and then, a development of traditional medicines.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional