Objective : To learn the regulatory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum JX025073.1 on intestinal flora and blood lipid in mice, so as to provide the basis for the nutritional intervention of probiotics in hyperlipidemia population. Methods : Thirty male ICR mice were randomly divided into a control group, a model group and a intervention group. The mice in the control group were fed with basic diet, and in the other two groups were fed with high fat diet. The mice in the intervention group was given 0.4 mL of Lactobacillus plantarum JX025073.1 fermentation liquid by gavage every day, and in the other two groups were given 0.4 mL of normal saline. The body weight of mice, the mass of heart, liver, spleen and kidney organs were weighed, and the organ index was calculated. The contents of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol/triglyceride ( TG ), low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) in serum, TC, TG in liver and in feces were determined by biochemical analyzer. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli in feces were cultured and counted. Results : After 42 days, compared with the control group, The mice in the model group had higher body weights, higher levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in serum, higher levels of TC, TG in liver and in feces, more Escherichia coli, less Bifidobacterium and less Lactobacillus ( P<0.05 ). Compared with the model group, the mice in the intervention group had lower body weight, lower levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in serum, lower levels of TC in liver, less Escherichia coli, higher levels of TC in feces, more Bifidobacterium and more Lactobacillus ( P<0.05 ). Conclusion Lactobacillus plantarum JX025073.1 can effectively regulate the blood lipid and intestinal flora of mice fed with high fat diet.

Aim To study relative bioavailablity of cefaclor effervescent tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, A volunteers were each orally given a single does of the 0.75 g cefaclor effervescent tablets and cefaclor capsules with an interval of 5 days between the two formulations.The plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by RP-HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by ATPK programe,and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model.Results After a single oral dose, the peak levels in plasma averaged Cmax(31.27?5.81)?g?ml-1 and(30.56?5.25) ?g?ml-1 at (0.58?0.12)h and(0.73?0.17)h and AUC0～4(35.48?4.65) ?g?h?ml-1 and (35.89?2.90) ?g?h?ml-1 for tablet and capsule,respectively. Conclusion The result shows that two formulations are bioequivalence.

The impact factors were explored to determine the horizontal positional relationship between the umbilicus and the 2nd lumbar spinal process in adults and to verify the accuracy of the localization of Shenshu (BL 23) via the umbilicus. The position of the umbilicus and the 2nd lumbar spinal process was measured in 100 participants and the data were analyzed through SPSS 20.0 software. It was found that the umbilicus and the 2nd lumbar process were not positioned horizontally. The positional relationship of these two sites was not apparently correlated with gender, age, body weight, body height, BMI, waistline and discomfort of lumbar region. The umbilicus was commonly and posteriorly projected on the site between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebra. It is explained that the localization of Shenshu (BL23) via the umbilicus is not accurate.
Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbosacral Region ; anatomy & histology ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Umbilicus ; anatomy & histology ; Young Adult

The epitope-G1 gene of Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) glycoprotein was synthesised by PCR and cloned into expression vector pPIC9K to construct recombinant plasmid pPIC9K-G1. Then the pPIC9K-G1 was linearized and transformed into Pichia pastoris GS 115. The recombinant P. pastoris strains were selected by a G418 transformation screen and confirmed by PCR. After being induced with methanol, an expressed protein with 26 kDa molecular weight was obtained, which was much bigger than the predicted size (15.54 kDa). Deglycosylation analysis indicated the recombinant G1 was glycosylated. Western blot and ELISA tests, as well as rabbit immunization and specificity experiments indicated that the target protein had both higher reaction activity and higher immunocompetence and specificity. The recombinant G1 protein could be used as a coating antigen to develop an ELISA kit for bovine ephemeral fever diagnosis.

Objective： The aim of this study was to approach an efficient way in the treatment of pericardial effusion of lung cancer. Methods： Sixteen patients with pericardial effusion of lung cancer are drained with Safe-Dwel Tlus, then cisplatin and etoposide were injected into the pericardial cavity, and the draining continually effusion to less 50 ml per day. Results： The total effective rate was 93.8％ with 13 cases of complete response rate and 2 cases of partial response rate. The median survival time was 6.5 months. 2 cases died from the relapse of pericardial effusion or no effect. Eleven cases had gastrointestinal tract reaction, and 3 cases with repression of bone marrow. However all side effects were controlled by treatment. Conclusion： Safe-Dwel Tlus drain with injecting cisplatin and etoposide into pericardial cavity may be a better way to control malignant pericardial effusion of lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlations of four genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS: A total of 300 patients with sporadic PTSD and 150 healthy subjects (the control group) were selected according to the diagnostic criteria of PTSD (DSM-IV), and the genotypes of the BDNF SNPs G-712A, C270T, rs6265, and rs7103411 were detected by polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing to determine intergroup differences in the genotypes and allele frequencies; the p values were corrected with the permutation test. RESULTS: The genotypes and allele frequencies of the SNPs G-712A, rs6265, and rs7103411 of BDNF showed no significant intergroup differences (p>0.05). However, the genotype and allele frequencies of C270T showed significant differences between the PTSD group and the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The SNP C270T of BDNF may be associated with PTSD. Individuals carrying the polymorphic T allele of C270T may be more likely to suffer from PTSD.
Alleles ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor* ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide* ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic*

AIMNucleoside analogues have become the most promising candidates of anti-HBV drugs. In this study, beta-L-D4A was synthesized and explored its inhibitiory action against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 2. 2. 15 cells derived from HepG2 cells transfected with HBV genome.

METHODSbeta-L-D4A was stereo-controlled synthesized from D-glutamic acid, and the structure was identified by IR, 1H NMR and MS. 2. 2. 15 Cells were placed at a density of 5 x 10(4) per well in 12-well tissue culture plates, and treated with various concentrations of beta-L-D4A for 6 days. At the end, medium was processed to obtain virions by a polyethlene glycol precipitation method. At the same time, intracellular DNA was also extracted and digested with Hind III. Both of the above DNA were subjected to Southern blot, hybridized with a 32P-labeled HBV probe and autoradiographed. The intensity of the autoradiographic bands was quantitated by densitometric scans of computer and EC50 was calculated. 2. 2. 15 cells were also seeded in 24-well tissue culture plates, and cytotoxicity with different concentrations was examined by MTT method. IC50 was calculated.

RESULTSThe synthesized compound structure conformed with beta-L-D4A; Autoradiographic bands showed similar for supernatant and intracellular HBV DNA. Episomal HBV DNA was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. EC50 0.2 micromol x L(-1). The experiment of cytotoxicity gained IC50 200 micromol x L(-10.

CONCLUSIONbeta-L-D4A has been synthesized successfully. beta-L-D4A possessed potent inhibitory effect on replication of HBV in vitro with low cytotoxicity, TI value was 1 000. It is expected to be developed clinically into a new anti-HBV drug.

Antiviral Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; DNA Replication ; drug effects ; DNA, Viral ; drug effects ; Dideoxyadenosine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Genome, Viral ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Transfection ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo establish transgenic mouse models of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) and identify the genotype of the first filial generation.

METHODSSix male B6SJL SOD1G93A/+ hemizygote mice were mated with 6 female B6SJLF1/J+/+ mice to produce the filial generation. The genomic DNA was extracted from the tail vein blood of the first filial generation mice and PCR was performed to amplify the hmSOD1 gene fragment. The genotype of the mice was determined by electrophoresis, and the PCR product was purified for further gene sequence analysis and detection of mutation loci.

RESULTSFifty-three progeny mice were born and the survival rate before ALS onset was 98% (52/53), and among the survived mice, the positivity rate for hmSOD1 gene was 44.2% (23/52). Electrophoresis result showed that the PCR product of 236 bp was consistent with the hmSOD1 gene fragment, and the sequence of the PCR product was identical with hmSOD1 gene sequence of G93A mutant.

CONCLUSIONTransgenic mouse models of ALS can be established in the first filial generation of male B6SJL SOD1G93A/+ mice mated with female B6SJLF1/J+/+. PCR technique can precisely identify the genotype of the filial generation.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Base Sequence ; Breeding ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Female ; Genotype ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mice, Transgenic ; Point Mutation ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Superoxide Dismutase ; genetics ; Superoxide Dismutase-1

BACKGROUNDIn response to the inflammatory reaction, circulating leukocytes aggregate and adhere to the endothelial cells and eventually pervade into tissues, resulting in cell damage. This study was to detect the inflammatory reactions in mouse focal cerebral ischemia and their distinct characteristics in the ischemic basal ganglia and surrounding cortex.

METHODSMice were subjected to permanent occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCAO) by introducing a suture for 2 to 120 hours. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and Mac-1 was determined immunohistochemically. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of the ischemic regions was measured.

RESULTSFour hours after MCAO, the number of ICAM-1 positive vessels in the ischemic basal ganglia increased (9.2 +/- 2.8 per mm(2)), peaked at 48 hours (29.6 +/- 4.8 per mm(2)), and decreased after 72 hours. In the ischemic cortex, the number increased rapidly 4 hours after MCAO (19.4 +/- 6.1 per mm(2)), peaked at 48 hours (44.4 +/- 16.8 per mm(2)), and declined after 72 hours. Mac-1 positive cells were seen in the ischemic basal ganglia (3.4 +/- 1.2 per mm(2)) 12 hours after MCAO, peaked after 48 hours (20.2 +/- 6.3 per mm(2)), and decreased after 72 hours. In the ischemic cortex, however, the number increased 4 hours after MCAO (4.3 +/- 1.7 per mm(2)), peaked after 48 hours (20.9 +/- 8.4 per mm(2)), and remained high at 120 hours. The MPO activity increased in the ischemic basal ganglia 12 hours after MCAO (0.111 +/- 0.023 U/g), peaked after 24 hours (0.194 +/- 0.059 U/g), and decreased after 72 hours. In the ischemic cortex, the MPO activity increased 12 hours after MCAO (0.110 +/- 0.032 U/g), peaked after 24 hours (0.210 +/- 0.067 U/g), and remained elevated at 120 hours.

CONCLUSIONSThe increased expression of ICAM-1 in the ischemic brain of mouse in the early phase of MCAO followed by the over-expression of Mac-1 and the increased MPO activity suggests that focal ischemia leads to early onset of inflammation. The inflammatory response is more persistent and intensive in the ischemic cortex than in the ischemic basal ganglia.

Animals ; Basal Ganglia ; blood supply ; Brain Chemistry ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cerebral Cortex ; blood supply ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Inflammation ; etiology ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; analysis ; Macrophage-1 Antigen ; analysis ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Peroxidase ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo establish a simpler and more accurate method for evaluating in vitro ischemic injury and neuroprotective effects of drugs through improving experimental instrument and quantitative index in mouse brain slices.

METHODSAn incubation instrument was developed and its application tested. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) was used as a substrate to biosynthesize formazan standard in mouse brain slices, and formazan was isolated, purified and identified. Ischemic injury of mouse brain slices was induced by oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD), the produced formazan from TTC in the cortex and striatum was measured at 490 nm spectrophotometrically. Edaravone and ONO-1078 were added into the incubation medium to observe their neuroprotective effects.

RESULTThe incubation instrument worked well for incubating brain slices and obtaining stable results efficiently. Standard formazan was biosynthesized and purified with a purity of 99.3%, and showed a linear range of 0.05 - 1 mg/ml in absorbance at 490 nm (r=0.9997). OGD decreased formazan production in the cortex and striatum in a duration-dependent manner. Edaravone (0.01 to 1 micromol/L) recovered OGD-induced decrease of formazan production, but ONO-1078 showed no effect.

CONCLUSIONThe incubation instrument and quantitative measurement of formazan developed in this study are efficient,accurate and simple for evaluating ischemic injury and neuroprotection,which can be used in screening of neuroprotective drugs in vitro.

Alprostadil ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antipyrine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Brain Ischemia ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Formazans ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Staining and Labeling ; Tetrazolium Salts ; metabolism