Objective　To study the changes of quantitative expression,adhering activity and genomic density polymorphism of complement type 1 in erythrocytes (CR1) of patients with liver cancer (104 patients) and their clinical significance.Methods　Polymerase chain reaction (PCR),HindIII restriction enzyme digestion,the quantitative assay of ECR1 and the adhering activity assay of CR1 in erythrocytes were used.Results　No difference was observed between the patients with liver cancer (29.8%) and healthy individuals (25.3%) in the spot mutation rate of CR1 density gene (χ2 =0.537,P>0.05).The number and the adhering activity of CR1 in patients with liver cancer (0.83±0.22 and 47.1±6.5) were significantly lower than those in healthy individuals (1.26±0.33 and 62.4±7.6; t=10.5,P<0.0001).The number and the adhering activity of ECR1 in high expression genomic type (HH) liver cancer were obviously lower than those of healthy individuals,expecially those of the patients with advanced liver cancer.There was a good relationship between quantitative expression,adhering activity of ECR1 and liver cancer development.Conclusion　Defective expression of CR1 in liver cancer is mostly acquired through central peripheral mechanisms.The changes of CR1 quantitative expression and adhering activity are consanguineously related to the severity and the activity of the development in patients with liver cancer.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Herbicides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the role of GST-? mRNA in the development and pathogenesis of esophageal cancer. Methods Twenty two matched pairs of esophageal cancerous and noncancerous tissues were obtained from 22 patients with esophageal cancer in an endemic region. AP-PCR was used for determining the differential gene fragments and RT-PCR for detecting the expression of GST-? mRNA. Results Differential random amplified fragments were found in 6 cancerous tissues, and none of the noncancerous tissues. The 5T differential gene fragments were of 1.0 kb, and by cloning, sequencing, and sequence homology analysis, no homologous sequence was found in the gene library. The expression rates of GST-? mRNA in cancerous and noncancerous tissues were 54.5%(12/22) and 18.2%(4/22), respectively. Conclusions Whether the 5T differential gene fragment is a new gene candidate or is a marker of oncogene remains to be further studied. The expression of GST-? mRNA in esophageal cancerous tissue was markedly enhanced.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application situation and tendency of antihypertensive drugs in our hospital. METHODS: By a retrospective study,a total of 952 prescriptions of outpatients with hypertension were sampled from our hospital from Nov. 18 to Dec. 17 in 2007 for statistical analysis regarding the utilization of antihypertensive drugs,the treatment regimens,sales amount,DDDs and DDC,etc. RESULTS: The antihypertensive drugs were mainly used in single or two kinds concomitantly. Calcium-channel blocker (CCB) and angiotensin receptor Ⅱ binders(ARB) took the lead,accounting for 30.67% and 28.45%,respectively. Leading the first three places on the list of DDDs were Telmisartan,Amlodipine and Benidipine,and leading the first three places on the list of sales amount were Telmisartan,Valsartan and Amlodipine. CONCLUSION:The use of antihypertensive drugs in our hospital conforms to China Guidelines on Prevention and Management of Hypertension and the drug use criteria recommended by WHO.

Objective ABCG2(ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2)is a member of ABC transporter superfamily,and participates in the mechanisms of high resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in tumor treatment.The aim of present study is to investigate the expression and significance of ABCG2 in lung cancer tissues.Methods Lung cancer tissues were obtained from 83 patients(64 NSCLC,19 SCLC)by bio-autopsy or surgery.No patients had received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before bio-autopsy or surgery.83 lung cancer specimens were analyzed for ABCG2 protein expression by using immunohistochemistry.Negative controls had the primary antibody eliminated.Human placenta tissues were used as positive control.In addition,five specimens of normal lung tissues were included for comparative study.Results The present study confirmed the predominant localization of ABCG2 transporter in plasma membrane.Some of ABCG2-positive tumors showed mixed membranous and cytoplasmic staining.ABCG2 expression was found in 71.9%(46/64)of NSCLC and 10.5%(2/19)of SCLC.The level of ABCG2 expression was significantly higher in NSCLC than in SCLC(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevention and treatment of pneumonia in patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI).MethodsData of 278 patients with acute traumatic CSCI admitted from 1988 to 2004 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Pneumonia was the major complication following acute CSCI and discovered by radiography during the first 3—33 days after injury. The all cases were nosocomial pneumonia and G- bacilli were main pathogens, particularly pseudomonas aeruginosa. The incidence of pneumonia of patients with score ≤6 according to the criteria of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) was significantly higher than those with ASIA score >6 (P<0.001).ConclusionThe high incidence of pneumonia in the CSCI is associated with the level and completeness of the injury. The G- bacilli causing nosocomial infection are main pathogens.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a common cancer in hepatobiliary system .Because CCA is in sensitive to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy ,the current treatment is mainly depending on the surgical operation when diagnosed early .Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand ( TRAIL) plays a key role in the process of controlling cell proliferation by binding with its receptor and therefore mediated cell apoptosis . Although the characteristic of selectively killing tumor cells by TRAIL makes it become the new direction of clini -cal treatment of cancer ,the condition that CCA cells are resistant to TRAIL mediated apoptosis restricts its scope of application.Nowadays many studies demonstrate that multiple signaling pathways can regulate the sensitive of CCA cells to TRAIL mediated apoptosis .In this review,we summarize the expression and effects of TRAIL and its receptor in CCA , and conclude the mechanism of multiple pathways restoring the sensitivity of CCA cells to TRAIL mediated apoptosis .

Objective To clone the coding region and 3′non?coding region of calmodulin 2(CaM2)in guinea pig,to provide the genetic informa?tion for studying the gene function of Calmodulin 2. Methods Total RNA was extracted from heart tissue of guinea pig,the coding region and 3′non?coding region of CaM2 were amplified by RT?PCR and 3′?RACE PCR methods,and the recombinant plasmid was constructed by inserting cDNA of the coding region and 3′non?coding region of CaM2 into the cloning vector by genetic engineering technology followed by DNA sequencing and se?quence analysis. Results The cloned coding region of CaM2 was 450 bp,and the 3′non?coding region of CaM2 was 660 bp. The amino acid se?quences of the coding region of CaM2 was consistent with those of other CaM subtypes,and the 3′non?coding region of CaM2 had low homology with those of other subtypes. Conclusion The cloning of CaM2 coding region and 3′non?coding region in guinea pig was the foundation for further study on the gene function of CaM2 and its role in related diseases.

Objective To investigate the relation between serum leptin/tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)and malnutrition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and stable chronic cor pulmonale (CCP) at high altitude. Methods Totally 162 COPD and CCP patients and 40 normal controls (group C) were studied. COPD and CCP patients were divided into malnutrition group (group A, n = 104) and normal nutrition group (group B, n =58) according to the nutritional parameters. Levels of serum leptin and TNF-α were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Body mass index (BMI), percentage of normal body weight (NW%), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), mid-upper arm circumference (MAC), serum albumin (ALB) ingroupA[(17.4±1.8) kg/m2, (82.3±4.3)%, (7.0±2.6) mm, (17.8±2.8) cm, (30.3±3.9)g/L, respectively] were significantly lower than those in group B and group C [(21.8 ± 2.0) kg/m2,(98.6±5.5)%, (9.3±2.6) mm, (21.5±2.9) cm, (36.2±3.8) g/L, and (23.1±2.3) kg/m2,(102.2±5.2)%, (9.7±3.8) mm, (22.1±2.8) cm, (36.8±3.9) g/L, respectively; all P＜0. 01].The levels of serum leptin and TNF-α in group A [(9.5 ±1. 8) ng/ml and (17.3 ±2. 2) ng/ml, respectively]were significantly higher than those in group A and group C [(7.3 ± 2. 0) ng/ml, (13.5 ± 2. 3) ng/ml; and (6. 7 ±2. 3) ng/ml, (12. 8 ±2. 1) ng/ml, respectively; all P ＜0.01). However, they were not significantly different between group A and group B (all P ＞ 0. 05). The level of leptin was negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.745, P=0. 0005), NW% (r= -0.887, P=0. 0005), TSF (r= -0.725, P=0. 0005), MAC (r= -0. 761, P=0. 0005), serum albumin (r= -0. 558, P=0. 0005) in group A, and was positively correlated with TNF-α (r = 0. 527, P = 0. 0005). Conclusion Serum leptin and TNF-α correlate with malnutrition in patients with COPD and CCP at high altitude.

Objective To monitor the antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, determine the prevalence of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) and plasmid-mediated tetracycline-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (TRNG) in Xi'an region, and to analyse the trends in antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Methods In total, 647 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were isolated from patients with gonorrhea in sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic settings from 2002 to 2009. Agar dilution method was used to detect TRNG and determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics, and paper acidometric method to detect PPNG. Results Of these 647 strains, 216 (33.4%) were TRNG, 290 (44.8%)were PPNG. The prevalence of TRNG strains remained between 28.3% and 49.2% in 2002-2009, except for 17.3% in 2005; the prevalence of PPNG strains increased from 37.1% in 2002 to 64% in 2005, but declined from 2006 to 2009 (32.3%). The prevalence of resistance to spectinomycin maintained at a low level (0 to 2.8%) over these years, while that to ciprofloxacin remained higher than 80% from 2002 to 2009, and accounted for 100% in 2005, with the exception of 51% in 2006. Ceftriaxone resistance was observed in none of these strains except 4 isolates in 2003, but the susceptibility to ceftriaxone decreased yearly. Conclusions Neisseria gonorrhoeae is highly sensitive to spectinomycin, which should serve as the first treatment choice for gonorrhea.Full dose is necessary for the application of ceftriaxone in the treatment of gonorrhea. Ciprofloxacin should not be used to treat gonorrhea.