BACKGROUND: Maintenance and activation of cascade reaction influence T cell proliferation or transformation into nonreactive state even apoptosis. B7 binding to CD28 effectively activates T cells in combination with T cell receptor pathway, and enhances T cell proliferative activity. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the costimulated activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with CD28 and CpG containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpGODN) MoAb combined with CD80, and its killing effect on human gastric cancerous cell line MKN45 in vitro.METHODS: PBMCs were isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation method, and cocultured with interleukin-2, CD28 and CpGODN MoAb for 1-5 days. MKN45 cells were divided into 4 culture conditions: CD28/CpGODN, CD80 plus CD28/CpG ODN, CD80 alone, and blank control.The killing efficiency was measured by MTT method.The ultramicrostructure of cells was observed by electron microscope. Apoptosis was verified by a flow cytometery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: CD80 alone did not display killing effect on MKN45 cells. By MTT method, combination of costimulated activation of PBMC with CD28/CpGODN and CD80 showed enhanced killing effect compared with single therapy (P < 0.05), and the ratio of effector cell and target cell at 15: 1 resulted in half killing efficiency. Electron microscope and flow cytometery verified necrotic or apoptotic cells after 24 hours exposure to costimulated activation. Compared with blank control group, CD80 alone elevated the apoptosis rate of MKN45 cells (P < 0.01). Results from the present study show that CD80 can elevate the killing effect of costimulated activation of PBMC with CD28/CpGODN on MKN45 cells in vitro.

Medical equipment is necessary for large and medium-scale hospitals in medical,scientific research and teaching affairs.To make the best of medical equipment can maximize the interest of diagnosis,treatment,research and economics,and thus accelerate the modernization of hospitals.Of all the issues,the project management,technique management and economic management of medical equipment should be paid attention to specially.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type Ⅰ (SMARD1). Method The clinical data, results of gene detection, and follow-up information of a girl diagnosed with SMARD1 were retrospectively analyzed, and related literatures were reviewed. Results The girl was born by cesarean section due to oligohydramnios. After birth, she was transferred to neonatology department for poor feeding and response, and diagnosed with neonatal sepsis, infectious shock, disseminated inravascular coagulation and atypical purulent meningitis. She was discharged after one month of treatment. However, at 2 months old, she presented contracture of ankle joint, abnormal liver function, and myocardial damage. At 6 months old, she had obvious reduced muscular tension and development retardation. At 8 months old, the SMA gene was detected and it was normal. At 9 months old, The panel gene of peripheral neuropathy was detected and found 2 heterozygosis mutations in IGHMBP2 gene, exon8 c.1061-2A>G and exon12 c.1708C>T, which came from her father and mother respectively. Locus of exon12 c.1708C>T has been reported to be associated with the disease, and the other is a shear mutation. The diagnosis of SMARD1 was confirmed by the clinical and gene detection. The girl, 2-year-old now, suffered with recurrent respiratory tract infections, but had no respiratory distress or no respiratory failure yet. Conclusion The clinical phenotype of SMARD1 is complex and diverse. This case is the first domestic case comfirmed by gene detection.

Objective To observe the cell apoptosis, oxidative stress reaction and expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax in kid?ney of dietary zinc deficiency mice during growth period, and discuss the mechanism of renal cell apoptosis induced by zinc deficiency. Methods Thirty weaning male mice were randomly divided into zinc-deficient group and zinc-adequate group, and 15 mice for each group. Zinc-deficient group was fed with zinc deficiency diet (0.85 mg/kg), while zinc-adequate group was fed with enough zinc diet (30 mg/kg). The TUNEL method was applied to observe the cell apoptosis, and the apoptotic in?dex was measured. The content of SOD and MDA were detected to observe the oxidative stress reaction in kidney. The ex?pression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax protein were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with zinc-adequate group, the cell apoptosis and oxidative stress reaction were increased in zinc-deficient group. The expression of Bcl-2 de?creased, and the expression of Bax increased. The ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax declined in kidney of zinc deficiency mice. Conclu?sion Diet zinc deficiency in growth period may result in the decreased antioxidase, the increased oxidative stress reaction, and the changed Bcl-2 and Bax expression, which promote the occurrence of cell apoptosis in kidney.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy ofXing Nao Kai Qiao (brain-awakening and orifice-opening) needling plus thunder-fire moxibustion in treating vertebrobasilar ischemia.Method Fifty-five patients with vertebrobasilar ischemia were randomized into a treatment group of 26 cases and a control group of 29 cases. The treatment group was intervened byXing Nao Kai Qiao needling plus thunder-fire moxibustion, while the control group was by oral administration ofYangxue Qingnao granules. The blood flow of vertebrobasilar arteries were observed by using ultrasonic Doppler blood-flow detector before and after intervention, and the clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Result The recovery and markedly-effective rate and total effective rate were respectively 61.5% and 96.2% in the treatment group, versus 34.5% and 89.7% in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01,P<0.05). The VS and VD of vertebral arteries and VS of basilar arteries were significantly changed after intervention in the treatment group (P<0.05). The VS of basilar arteries was significantly changed after intervention in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, The VS of vertebral and basilar arteries in the treatment group was significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionXing Nao Kai Qiao needling plus thunder-fire moxibustion is an effective approach in treating vertebrobasilar ischemia.

Study the infect of child anorexia granule on serum ghrelin and leptin of anorexia children and its clinical efficacy. Selected 81 cases of anorexia children aged 1-6 years old into treatment group (42 cases) and control group (39 cases), in addition, 30 case healthy children as healthy control group. The control group children were treated with domperidone suspension 0.3 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), tid, orally 30 minutes before meals. Treatment group were treated with child anorexia granule, 1-3 years 1 package, bid; 4-6 years 1 package, tid; po, 4 weeks as a course of treatment. Study the change of serum ghrelin and leptin before and after therapy. The study demonstrates that before treatment, the serum ghrelin level of disease group was lower than healthy group (P < 0.01), and the serum leptin level was higher than healthy group (P < 0.01). After treatment, the serum ghrelin level both increase, and the serum leptin decline. And the change of treatment group was significantly different with control group (P < 0.01). And the clinical effective rate are 95.23% and 74.35% (P < 0.01). After 6 months of follow-up visit, the children weight significantly increase in treatment group (P < 0.01). Results indicate that child anorexia granule can facilitate secretion of ghrelin, and inhibit secretion of leptin, so as to work up an appetite. And the molecular mechanism is its infect on serum ghrelin, leptin.
Anorexia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Appetite Regulation ; drug effects ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Ghrelin ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Leptin ; metabolism ; Male

BACKGROUND: The effective chemical constituents and the precise action mechanism of Cassia obtusifolia L. seed to rats with hypercholesterolemia are not clear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of anthraquinones from Cassia obtusifolia L. on hypolipidemic activity and endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis in rats with experimental hyperlipoidemia, and to explore the effective compound and the mechanism of Cassia obtusifolia L. seed on hypolipidemic action. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal experiment was performed from September 2003 to May 2004. All rats were raised and tested at the College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University. Blood sample was collected from the tail vein at the Institute of Biotechnology to detect blood lipid, survival rate, and to culture cells. MATERIALS: Forty-five male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish animal models of hypedipoidemia by intragastrically with fat emulsion. Cassia obtusifolia L. seed was purchased from Guangzhou Dispensary, China, and further identified by South China Plant Institute. Anthraquinones were extracted from Cassia obtusifolia L. by the Institute of Biotechnology of South China Normal University. METHODS: Forty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=15): a control group, 80 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg anthraquinones groups. Rat models in each group were given fat emulsion in the morning and afternoon 2 days after model induction, once in morning. Rat modes were treated with corresponding doses of drugs in the two experimental groups. Rat models were administrated with the same volume of saline in the control group, once a day, for 20 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effect of anthraquinones on endogenous cholesterin in Chinese hamster oocytes was measured by amphotericin B cell models. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density iipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were detected by enzyme endpoint method. Survival rate of Chinese hamster oocytes (A570) was tested by methyl thiazolyi tetrazolium (MTT) with spectrophotometric determination. RESULTS: Anthraquinones significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C levels and increased HDL-C levels in hyperlipidemic rats in a dose-dependant pattern. Anthraquinones elevated the survival rate of Chinese hamster oocytes. CONCLUSION: Anthraquinones can decrease blood lipid levels. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis of anthraquinones may be one of the underlying mechanism involved in decreasing blood lipid.

Objectives To optimize the curriculum for better education quality. Methods By literature review, the curriculum of the bio-medical English program of Peking University was summa-rized. Interviews were conducted on 8 sophomores of the program based on convenience sampling for their concerns over the curriculum and a questionnalre was designed based on such concerns. Ques-tionnalre survey was used for the remarks and suggestions of the 129 graduates of year 2002, 2003 and 2004 on the curriculum, with 79 valid questionnalres collected and the data analyzed by Microsoft Excel. Results Respectively 64 (81.02%), 52 (65.82%), 53 (67.09%) respondents believe the se-quence, duration and connection of the English courses are appropriate and 65 (82.27%), 46 (58.22%), 50 (63.29%) respondents believe the sequence, duration and connection of the medical courses are appropriate. 63 (81.77%) respondents hoped that they could do experiments in the medical courses, but 18 of them (23.08%) worried that the experiments would make the curriculum more tense. 71 (89.97%) respondents thought that the internship at hospital in the curriculum was conducive to better understanding of medical course contents . Suggestions on the improvement of the curriculum were also made by respondents. Conclusions The curriculum could be further optimized, especially on the connection between different courses, although most of the respondents by and large believe that the curriculum of the program is rational and hold positive attitude towards the internship in hospital and experiments in the curriculum.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Allyl Compounds ; poisoning ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective Abnormal activation of mitogen-and stress-activated kinase (MSK1) plays an important role in the development of various cancers.This study was to explore the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated MSK1-silencing on the proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and its underlying mechanism.Methods The siRNA vector targeting MSK1 was constructed and transfected into CNE2 cells, and the NPC cell line stably expressing MSK1 was established.Then the cells were divided into a blank control (without transfection of the plasmid), a negative control (with stable transfection of the negative control plasmid), and an experimental group (with stable transfection of the positive recombinant plasmid).The expressions of MSK1 mRNA and protein were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively, the proliferation of the cells determined by CCK-8 and colony formation assays, the cell cycles analyzed by flow cytometry, the level of histone H3 phosphorylation at Ser10 examined by Western blot, and The transcriptional activity and expression of the c-jun protein measured by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blot.Results Compared with the blank control, the inhibition rates of cell proliferation at 48, 72 and 96 hours were significantly reduced in the experimental group (P<0.05), and so were the colony formation ability of the cells (P<0.01) and the expression and transcriptional activity of the c-jun protein (P<0.05).In comparison with the negative control, the experimental group showed significant decreases in the rate of cell growth after 24 hours, the inhibition rates of cell proliferation at 48, 72 and 96 hours (P<0.05), the number of formed colonies ([221.00±20.08] vs [99.67±15.57] / 300 cells, P<0.01), the proportion of S-phase cells (P<0.01), and the expression of the c-jun protein in the CNE2 cells ([100.00±0.00] vs [48.77±10.71] %, P<0.05), but a remarkable increase in the percentage of G0/G1-phase cells (P<0.01).Furthermore, histone H3 phosphorylation at Ser10 was markedly reduced (P<0.01) but no significant change was observed in the expression of the total c-jun protein in the experimental group.Conclusion Knockdown of MSK1 using siRNA can significantly inhibit the growth and proliferation of CNE2 cells, which may be closely related to the decreased phosphorylation of histone H3 and subsequently down-regulated transcriptional activity of c-jun.