Objective To explore the manifestation and diagnostic value of CT in retinoblastoma. Methods Twentythree cases of retinoblastomas proven by operation and pathologic examination were collected. Their CT images, clinical symptoms and pathologic results were retrospectively analyzed. Results Twentythree patients of retinoblastomas aged from 4 months to 9 years (mean 2.4 years). CT images showed soft tissue mass (shaped as node, crescentshaped or occupied the entire space of the eyeball) was in the globe of all cases. There was calcification in 19 cases (82.6%), including “small pinch” in 12 cases or “patches” in 7 cases. Five cases were found the optic nerve thickened (21.7%), and 1 case of intracranial invasion through the optic nerve canal (1/23), and 6 cases of retina detachment (6/23). The lesion showed mild or moderate enhancement after intravenous contrast medium were performed. Conclusion CT has an advantage on showing the size, shapes, intrastructures and invasive degree of the lesion, and is meaningful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of retinoblastoma.

Objective To study the neuroprotective effects of neuregulin-1?(NRG-1?) on the nervous behavioral function,cerebral infarction volume,brain water content(BWC),neuronal apoptosis and aquaporin-4(AQP-4) expression in astrocytes after cerebral ischemic reperfusion and the related mechanism in mice.Methods Intraluminal thread methods were applied to establish the middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion models in the mice.Neuregulin-1?(2?g / kg) was injected into the internal carotid artery for treatment.The nervous behavioral function was evaluated with Bederson's test.The cerebral infarction volume was observed with tetrazolium chloride staining.The BWC was measured by dry-wet weight comparing.The apoptosis positive cells were counted by immunofluorescence assay.The expression of AQP-4 was determined by immunohistochemical assay.Results Nervous behavioral malfunction appeared in all the mice with left middle cerebral artery occlusion and/or reperfusion.The infarction focus showed in the ischemic hemisphere after the injury.The BWC,the number of neuronal apoptosis cells and AQP-4 expression in astrocytes were higher than those in the sham group. In the NRG-1? treatment group,the nervous behavioral function was improved 24 hours after ischemia,the number of apoptosis positive cells reduced and the infarction volume decreased significantly compared with the control group(P0.05).In the groups of reperfusion for 22,46 and 70 hours,the five indexes mentioned above were significantly different from those in the corresponding control groups(P

Objective To constitute a higher expression system and to obtain the breast cancer cell strains in which BSP is stably expressed. Methods hBSP gene was subcloned from pB-hBSP vector by PCR. The PCR fragment was inserted into the eukaryon expression vector, pIRES2-EGFP, which allow exogenous protein and EGFP to express respectively. The recombinant vector, pIRES2-hBSP-EGFP, was transfected into human breast cancer cells with Lipofectamine TM 2000. The expression of symbol protein EGFP, could be conveniently observed with fluorescent microscope. Results The recombinant pIRES2-hBSP-EGFP plasmid was constituted and successfully transfected into breast cancer cells. In the breast cancer cell strain hBSP and EGFP were expressed. Conclusion The successful constitution and transfection of hBSP and EGFP nonfusion expression vector laid a foundation for the further study on the effect of BSP on breast cancer metastasizing to bone in vivo or in vitro.

Objective To analyze the ultrasonic imaging characteristics of primary breast lymphoma and their significance for diagnosis.Methods Data of ultrasonograph from 21 cases of primary breast lymphoma were reviewed, and all cases had been certificated by pathology.Results All of 21 cases with primary breast lymphoma were solid mass.The contours of 16 cases were regular, and the boundaries of 9 cases were clear.20 cases were hypoechoic masses, besides 3 cases with lower echo like liquefactive degeneration.The internal echoes of 19 cases were disorderly, part of them with hyperechoic trabs.The rear echoes of 17 cases were neither enhanced nor fading.The surrounding tissues of 19 cases were not changed.13 cases had more than 3 blood vessels on color Doppler imaging.Conclusion There are some ultrasound characteristics in primary breast lymphoma, which would be helpful in the diagnosis of primary breast lymphoma.

Aim To investigate the method of culturing vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) of coronary arteries derived from experimental diabetic rats and to establish the model of VSMC for the study of chronic cardiovascular diseases of diabetes. Method After the establishment of the model of diabetic rats, the coronary arteries of rats were separated carefully to culture VSMC using the method of explanting culture. Results The primary culture of VSMC was performed successfully by the method mentioned above. The cells could be isolated by different kinds of digestive enzyme in three steps. 7 ~10 days afterward, the cells overlapped in layers and displayed the typical ‘hill and valley’ pattern and positive immunochemical staining for smooth muscle actin. Conclusion VSMC from experimental diabetes proliferates faster than normal VSMC and its cultivating condition is strictly limited. The morphology of diabetic VSMC is as same as that of normal rats.

Objective:To study the methods of early qualitative diagnosis of laryngeal displasia and earlycarcinoma. Methods:We investigated displasia (34 cases),squamous cell carcimoa (19 cases) and vocalcord polyps (17 cases) of larynx which were embeded in paraffin by PCR－SSCP analysis of p53 gene,im－munochemi stain of p53 protein and Ⅳ collagen,cytometer (determining fraction of cell cycle) and AgNORstain. Results :Eleven of 34 cases of displasia were all positive in the indexes. Seven of 11 cases were alsopositive in pathology,but others were negative. Five of 34 cases of displasia were all negative in the index-es,2 of 5 cases were positive and 1 of 5 cases were negative,other two cases did not have following-up re-sults in pathology. Conclusion :The results suggest that it is the combination of the morphological indexeswith biological indexe that is more scientific and more accurate in quatitative diagnosis of premalignantchange.

A sequential extraction procedure has been proposed for the evaluation of the speciation of heavy metals including Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn in sediments from mariculture area,and the speciation of heavy metals was separated and defined as acid soluble fraction,reducible fraction,fraction bound organic matter,fraction bound sulfides and residual fraction. Matrix effects of high salinity on the determination of heavy metals in sediments were eliminated by matrix matching and internal standard methods when inductively couple plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) were used,respectively. The results showed that the measured values of marine sediment reference materials were consistent with the standard values when the digestion solutions were determined after dilution. The extraction results of the prepositional extraction procedure and European Community Bureau of Reference Program (BCR) procedure were compared and the selectivity of extractants was investigated. The preliminary studies indicated that this sequential extraction procedure was applicable for evaluating the speciation of heavy metals in sediment with organic substances pollution and eutrophication,especially for fraction bound organic matter and fraction bound sulfides.

Objective To explore the effect of different ages on behavioral dimensions of anxiety animal models in Kunming mice.Methods Young/Old,male,Kunming mice were recorded twice,for five minutes,with a one-week inter-trial interval in open field test (OFT),elevated plus maze (EPM) and light/dark box (LDB).The following parameters were evaluated:percentage of time spent in the OFT central area (Ctime％),percentage of number of squares visited in the OFT central area (Ccross％),the total number of horizontal squares in OFT (Cross),the total number of rears in OFT (Rear),percentage of time spent in the EPM open arms (Otime％),percentage of number of entries into the EPM open arms (Oentries％),the total number of entries into the EPM open and closed arms (Entries),percentage of time exploring in the LDB light area (Ltime％),percentage of number of squares crossing in the LDB light area (Lcross％),percentage of rears in the LDB light area (Lrear％),the total number of transition in LDB (Transition),the total number of horizontal squares in LDB (Cross) and the total number of rears in LDB (Rear).Results OFT-Ctime％,OFT-Ccross％,EPM-Otime％,EPM-Oentries％,LDB-Ltime％,LDB-Lcross％ and LDB-Lrear％ had significant loadings on anxiety factor; OFTCross,EPM-Entries,LDB-Transition and LDB-Cross loaded on locomotion-exploration factor.Old mice had higher anxiety emotion (Ctime％,t =3.12,P＜ 0.01; Ccross％,t =2.37,P＜ 0.01; Otime％,t =1.31,P＜ 0.05; Oentries％,t=1.57,P＜0.05; Ltime％,t=4.15,P＜0.01 ; Lcross％,t=3.28,P＜0.01 ; Lrear％,t=2.73,P＜0.01) and lower locomotion and exploratory activity (Cross,t =2.05,P ＜ 0.01 ; Entries,t =2.09,P ＜ 0.05 ;Transition,t=2.51,P＜0.01; Cross,t=3.02,P＜0.01),compared with Young.Conclusion Ages have no effect on structural dimensions of anxiety animal models.With the growth of ages,old mice have higher anxiety emotion but lower locomotion and exploratory activity.

BACKGROUND: Bone sialoprotein (BSP) gene is expressed in human breast cancer cells, in which bone metastasis occurs easily outside the mineralized tissue. Clinical observation shows that the expression level of BSP of breast cancer cells at bone metastasis is higher that at the primary site;therefore, BSP may be closely related to tumor specific bone metastasis.The study on breast cancer bone metastasis can provide new drug target for clinical prevention and treatment.OBJECTIVE: To establish breast cancer cell strains of BSP with stable expression and observe the effect of BSP in the whole process of breast cancer bone metastasis.DESIGN: Controlled experiment.SETTING: College of Biological Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Science and Technology; Medical Experiment Center,Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted in the Medical Experimental Center,Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA,betweer November 2003 and March 2004..pIRES2-EGFP vector (5.3 kb) was purchased from BD Biosciences Clontech Inc.; E.Coli.Top10, pB-hBSP plasmid containing the coding region of hbsp, and human breast carcinoma cells, MDA-MB-231BR that was specifically transferred to brain and MDA -MB-231BO that was specifically transferred to bone.METHODS: hbsp gene was subcloned from pB-hBSP vector by PCR. Bg1Ⅱ and Pst Ⅰ restriction enzyme sites were inserted at 5' and 3' ends, orientation cloned to eukaryon expression vector pIRES2-EGFP, and constructed recombinant vector pIRES2-EGFP. The constructed recombinant vector was transfected into MDA-MB-231BR that was specifically transferred to brain and MDA-MB-231BO that was specifically transferred to bone.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Construction of pIRES2-hBSP-EGFP recombinant expression vector; recombinant expression vector pIRES2-hBSP-EGFP transfecting breast cancer cells.Breast cancer strains specific in bone metastasis and brain metastasis were successfully transfected. The fluorescence labeling could be observed under the fluorescence microscope, and BSP had corresponding expression.CONCLUSION: The successful construction and transfection of pIRES2hBSP-EGFP of eukaryon expression vector would lay foundation for further study on the role of BSP in breast cancer metastasizing to bone in vivo or in vitro.

To screen potential human soluble epoxide hydrolase (hsEH) inhibitors, a high-throughput screening model in 384-well microplate with total volume of 50 microL was established. Recombinant hsEH was cloned and expressed in E. coli. and its specific substrate PHOME was synthesized. The HTS model was based on fluorescence analysis with enhanced sensitivity and specificity (Z' = 0.65). A total of 47 360 samples (including 25 040 compounds and 22 320 natural products) were screened, of which 950 samples with inhibition greater than 80% were selected for further rescreening. Finally, two compounds with high inhibitory activity were identified, whose IC50 value were 8.56 and 4.31 micromol x L(-1), separately. The results indicated that the method was stable, sensitive, reproducible and also suitable for high-throughput screening.