Objective:To study the effects of different ratios between adhesive and solidification agent on the investment of titanium and to investigate the physical properties of the adhesive on different time intervals.Methods:Mixed adhesive with solidification agent according to different ratio:14∶1,14.5∶1,15∶1.Twelve wax sheet patterns(10 mm?10 mm?0.8 mm)were invested,and then the castings were fabricated.Manipulation performance,appearance of the casting mold,and color of the castings as well as their integrity and edge clarity were observed.The more ideal proportion was selected and determined.Dynamic viscosity,density and pH value of the adhesive were measured on different days(1,3,5 and 7 days).Results:With a adhesive or solidification agent ratio of 14∶1,the solidified time was comparatively short and unable to operate,while with a ratio of 15∶1,the solidified time was too long to solidify and led to the distorted castings.In group with a ratio of 14.5∶1,the primary gel time,intact mold and cast gate were appropriate.The surface of the castings showed bright,metal color after sand blasting.Dynamic viscosity,consistency and pH value of different days for the adhesive had no significant difference.Conclusion:Favorable casting can be fabricated for adhesive mixing with solidification agent when the ratio was 14.5∶1.The adhesive has steady capability in 7 days in practical condition.

Theileria annulata (T. annulata), the causative agent of tropical theileriosis, is a protozoan parasite that also causes lymphoproliferative diseases in cattle. Development of reliable and fast methods are necessary in the epidemiological investigation of T. annulata in ticks and animals. Real-time PCR possesses merits of rapidity, accuracy, reliability, automation and ease of standardization, which is widely used for the detection of blood borne parasites. In this study, species-specific primers and TaqMan probe were designed on the basis of the 18s rRNA gene sequence of T. annulata, and the real-time PCR assay was developed by optimizing the reaction parameter. The performance of real-time PCR was assessed by testing 47 blood samples from cattle and comparing with the results from conventional PCR. The results show that this real-time PCR assay could specifically detect 10 copies DNA of T. annulata, which is 10-fold sensitivity more than conventional PCR. No cross-reactions were observed with Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Trypanosoma evansi and Theileria equi. Of the 47 field samples collected from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, 36.17% were detected by real-time PCR, and 25.53% were found positive for T. annulata infection by conventional PCR. These results indicated that the real-time PCR assay is a useful approach for detecting T. annulata infections and has potential as an alternative tool for ecological and epidemiological surveillance of ovine theileriosis.

In a previous study, we cloned popW from Ralstonia solanacearum strain ZJ3721, coding PopW, a new harpin protein. The procaryotically expressed PopW can induce resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), enhance growth and improve quality of tobacco, when sprayed onto tobacco leaves. Here, we constructed an expression vector pB- popW by cloning popW into the bionary vector pBI121 and transformed it into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 via freeze-thaw method. Tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum cv. Xanthi nc.) transformation was conducted by infection of tobacco leaf discs with recombinant A. tumefaciens. After screening on MS medium containing kanamycin, PCR and RT-PCR analysis, 21 T3 lines were identified as positive transgenic. Genomic intergration and expression of the transferred gene were determined by PCR and RT-PCR. And GUS staining analysis indicated that the protein expressed in transgenic tobacco was bioactive and exhibited different expression levels among lines. Disease bioassays showed that the transgenic tobacco had enhanced resistance to TMV with biocontrol efficiency up to 54.25%. Transgenic tobacco also exhibited enhanced plant growth, the root length of 15 d old seedlings was 1.7 times longer than that of wild type tobacco. 60 d after transplanting to pots, the height, fresh weight and dry weight of transgenic tobacco were 1.4, 1.7, 1.8 times larger than that of wild type tobacco, respectively.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Animals ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Disease Resistance ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Phenotype ; Plant Diseases ; prevention & control ; virology ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; Tobacco ; genetics ; Tobacco Mosaic Virus ; Transformation, Genetic

Objective To investigate changes of striatal DAT following hypoxic ischemic (HI)brain injury in newborn piglets using 11C-N-2-carbomethoxy-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-tropane (CFT) PET/CT,and to evaluate the value of 11C-CFT PET/CT in brain injury.Methods Newborn piglets with HI brain injury (n =20) were taken as a model group,and five piglets were used as a control group.Radioligand 11CCFT (55.5-74.0 MBq) was injected through the jugular vein,and PET/CT imaging was performed to observe the changes of striatal DAT in newborn piglets.The ST/occipital lobe (OC) ratio was calculated.Model group was divided into 0-6 h,20-24 h,44-48 h and 68-72 h sub-groups after HI in accordance with the imaging time.The piglets were sacrificed immediately after 11C-CFT PET/CT scanning,and then the brains were removed for pathological analysis.Data analysis was performed with one-way analysis of variance and Pearson linear correlation analysis.Results After intravenous injection of 11C-CFT,the radioactivity accumulation in cortical,striatum,and cerebellum was shown clearly in the control and model groups.The radioactivity accumulation was lower in the white matter.The radioactivity in cortical and cerebellum exhibited decreased with time,while the striatum was still clear.After HI,the ST/OC activity ratio in the striatum was initially increased,and the ratio of 0-6 h group (1.34 ± 0.04) was statistically significant compared with that of thecontrol group (1.18 ± 0.06 ; F =4.658,P ＜ 0.05),followed by a gradual decrease.ST/OC ratios of other HI subgroups were 1.27 ±0.01,1.27 ±0.10 and 1.18 ±0.05,respectively.There was a positive correlation between the number of DAT positive neurons ((13 ± 3),(13 ± 4),(8 ±3) and (4 ±4)/high power field) and 11C-CFT ST/OC activity ratios (r =0.844,P ＜0.05).Conclusion 11C-CFT PET/CT study can accurately reflect the changes of DAT in the striatum,and the amount of DAT is related to the severity of the ischemic insult in a newborn piglet model of HI.

Objective To investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin(GSPE) on mitochondrial injury in hippocampus and learning-memory impairment after obstructive sleep apnea hypoxia in rats.Methods Male SD rats(n=80) were randomly divided into control group,model group,low dose of GSPE treatment group and high dose of GSPE treatment group.Rats in control group were exposed in air,the model group were suffered from intermittent hypoxia conditions (50 ml/L,8-hour-intermittent hypoxia everyday,and the duration of experiment 2 and 6 weeks,respectively).Mitochondrion pathology in hippocampal region was observed using electron microscope;malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase activity were detected by colorimetry and apoptotic cells was measured by TUNEL method.The cognitive function of rats in each group was assessed with the Morris water maze (MWM).Results After hypoxia,mitochondrion was significantly injured.The MDA contents were increased(79.86 ± 2.52,88.26 ± 2.86) and SOD level decreased (70.67 ± 6.70,64.26 ± 7.86).The number of neural apoptotic cells was significantly enhanced (9.68 ± 0.79,15.9 ± 2.92).MWM test showed that the escaping latency was prolonged and the frequency of crossing the platform was decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with that in the model group,low dose of GSPE decreased MDA contents (76.38 ± 1.96,82.16 ±2.02),increased SOD level(76.20 ± 6.86,70.58 ± 6.86),and decreased apoptotic cells (6.60 ± 0.69,9.54 ±1.36).MWM test showed that the escaping latency was shortened and the frequency of crossing the platform was increased in GSPE treatment groups(P ＜ 0.05).Compared with low dose of GSPE,high dose of GSPE decreased MDA contents increased SOD level and decreased apoptotic cells.MWM test showed that the escaping latency was shortened and the frequency of crossing the platform was increased (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion GSPE can attenuate mitochondrial injury and improve learning-memory function after obstructive sleep apnea hypoxia.

Objective To study the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, surgical treatment and preventive measures of esophagogastric-arterial fistula following resection for carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia. Methods The clinical data of 18 patients with esophagogastric-arterial fistula were retrospective analyzed. Results There were 14 patients of esophageal carcinoma and 4 patients of cardiac carcinoma.7 patients had supra-aortic esophagogastric anastomosis(2 near the apex of pleura) and 11 had anastomosis under the aortic arch. Fatal hemorrhage occurred postoperatively from 11 to 93 days. The interval between hemorrhage and death varied from being instant to 18 days.All patients died. Conclusion The surgical treatment provide an opportunity for those patients. Successful management is possible if early diagnosis is made and prompt surgical management is undertaken. Preventive measures of peptic ulcer and esophageal fistula can decrease occurrence of this complication.

Objective To compare and analyze the performance indexes and the imaging quality of the home and imported X-ray machines through testing their partial imaging performance parameters. Methods By separate sampling from 10 home and 10 imported X-ray machines, the parameters including tube current, time of exposure, machine total exposure, and repeatability were tested, and the imaging performance was evaluated according to the national standard. Results All the performance indexes met the standard of GB4505-84. The first sampling tests showed the maximum changing coefficient of imaging performance repeatability of the home X-ray machines was ?max1=0.025,while that of the imported X-ray machine was ?max1=0.016. In the second sampling tests, the maximum changing coefficients of the two were ?max2=0.048 and ?max2=0.022, respectively. Conclusion The 2 years′ follow-up tests indicate that there is no significant difference between the above-mentioned parameters of the elaborately adjusted home X-ray machines and imported ones, but the home X-ray machines are no better than the imported X-ray machines in stability and consistency.

Objective To investigate the carotid atherosclerosis(AS) in hemodialysis(HD) patients.Methods Clinical index was measured and intma-media thickness(IMT) of extracranial common carotid artery and presence of atherosclerotic plaques were determined by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography.Results The age,disease duration,HD duration,triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL),serum C-reactive protein(CRP),mean carotid artery IMT in HD with atherosclerotic plaque were significantly higher than HD without atherosclerotic plaque patients,however,the serum albumin(Alb) was significantly decreased.Mean carotid artery IMT is related to the disease duration,Alb,TG,LDL,CRP in HD patients.Conclusion The CRP,mean carotid artery IMT were increased in HD with atherosclerotic plaque.Mean carotid artery IMT is related to the disease duration,Alb,TG,LDL,CRP in HD patients.To improve malnutrition and decrease micro-inflammation,serum lipid might reduce the rate of AS in HD.