Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics on diagnosis and treatment of renal tubercu- losis.Methods Clinical data of 82 patients with renal tuberculosis were retrospectively reviewed.Results All of the 18 cases who received medication recovered completely.64 cases undergoing surgery were pathologically diagnosed to have renal tuberculosis,of which 2 cases developed ureteral stump syndrome.Conclusion Urine PCR-TB-DNA re- mained the primary diagnostic method before operation.Computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance urogra- phy(MRU)could be used in diagnosis of renal tuberculosis.When the non-functioning kidney was resected,per- inephrit fat and the involved ureter should be concomitantly resected as much as possible.

The development and evolution of the concept of quality of life(QOL)is introduced. Focuses on the quality of life scale in stroke patients with application and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various scale.

Objective To study the effects of manganese on the expression of caspase-3 and cytochrome-c in the spermatogenic cells of rats. Methods Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into the high dose,low dose exposure groups and the control groups,16 in each,were given manganese(MnCl2?4H2O) at 15,30 mg/kg and normal saline,I.P. once a day, 5 times a week,for 6 consecutive weeks. In the 4th and 6th weekend,the testis were collected,the expression of caspase-3 and cytochrome-c in the testis was determined by immunohistochemical methods (SABC). Results The caspase-3-positive-cell rate in the spermatogenic cells of rats in the high dose and low dose exposure groups increased significantly (P

Objective To establish the method for detemining the content of ephedrine hydrochloride in Zhike Pingchuan Tangjiang by HPLC. Methods Diamonsil ODS1 C_(18) Column was used with acetonitrile -0.1% phosphoric solution (with 0.1% triehylamine) (3 : 97) as the mobile phase, the detection wavelength as 205 nm, and flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Results The calibration curve was linear at the range of 0.12～ 0.96 ?g for ephedrine hydrochloride and linear equation was Y= 109759X+3792.8, r=0.9998. The average recovery was 98.4% and RSD was 0.87% (n =5). Conclusion This method was simple, accurate and proper, with good reproducibility. It can be used for quantitative analysis of ephedrine hydrochloride in Zhike Pingchuan Tangjiang.

To investigate the effect of Cornu Cervi Oral Liquid (mainly composed of Cornu Cervi, Fructus Psoraleae, Herba Epimedii, Fructus Corni, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi and Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum) in reversing myocardial fibrosis in rats with congestive heart failure caused by pressure overload and to explore its mechanism. Thirty six male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to mimic operation group (Group A), model group (Group B) and Cornu Cervi Oral Liquid group (Group C). Rat models of congestive heart failure were induced by constriction of abdominal aorta. Left ventricular mass index(LVMI) was observed; contents of collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ in left ventricular cardiac muscle were detected by immunohistochemical method and their mRNA expression by RT PCR; and plasma levels of angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and serum aldosterone (ALD) level were measured by radioimmunoassay method. LVMI, contents of collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ and their mRNA expression, levels of plasma and myocardial AngⅡ, plasma ANF and serum ALD were higher in Group B than those in Group A (P0 05).[Conclusion]Cornu Cervi Oral Liquid is effective in reversing myocardial fibrosis in rats with congestive heart failure caused by pressure overload and its mechanism may be related to the decrease of contents of collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ and their mRNA expression, levels of plasma and myocardial AngⅡ, plasma ANF and serum ALD.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of maxillary protraction in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusions in early mixed dentition. Methods Fourteen patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusions in early mixed dentition were treated with maxillary protraction for one year with oral active appliance bonded face mask.Cephalometric records were analyzed to assess the changes of maxillo-facial structure of the hard tissue before and after treatment. Results The anterior crossbite was unlocked in all the patients,and the maxilla moved downwards and forwards.Point A moved forwards,and angle SNA and ANB significantly increased.The mandible rotated downward and backward,and the Wits values significantly increased,which led to the correction of a skeletal class Ⅲ relationship.Maxillary length and protrusion significantly increased,and facial profile improved obviously. Conclusion Maxillary protraction works well in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusions in early mixed dentition,and can reduce the chances of later orthognathic surgery.

Objective To explore the possibility of anterior open reduction and internal fixation to treat the lower cervical irreducible dislocation. Methods 15 cases of lower cervical irreducible dislocation were treated by the anterior open reduction and internal fixation, 11 cases were male and 4 cases were female, 10 cases were unilateral facet locked and 5 eases were bilateral facet locked which were confirmed by the MRI and CT scan. All the cases were failed to the skull traction before operation and received anterior open reduction and plate fixation, and interver-tebral fusion. All the cases were followed up, the recovery of neurological function and the fusion rate were evaluated. Results 15 cases were completely reduction and none of them got a worse neurological function. Conclusion The treatment effect of anterior open reduction and fixation for the lower cervical irreducible dislocation were good.

Objective To evaluate the features of ultrasound and elastography of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) with different thyroid functions,analyze the course of the disease and provide a basis for clinical treatment.Methods A total of 77 patients with CLT were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of Ultrasound,Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from September 2013 to September 2014.The patients were divided into four groups based on thyroid function,including 20 patients with hyperthyroidism,18 patients with hypothyroidism,20 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism,and 19 patients with euthyroidism.According to 6 indicators consisted of the thyroid size (volume,thickness of the lateral lobe,thickness of the isthmic portion),flow classification(0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ),the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the superior thyroid artery(STA),resistance index (RI) of the STA,echo types (diffuse,localized) and ultrasound elastic rate (E2/E1),the features of ultrasound and elastography of CLT were analyzed.According to the thyroid echo types and different thyroid functions,the change of E2/E1 was analyzed and the relationship between E2/E1 in different thyroid function and thyroid function (thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH) was compared.Results The volume,thickness of the lateral lobe of hypothyroidism,subclinical hypothyroidism,hyperthyroidism and euthyroidism groups were respectively as follows:(14.25 ± 4.15),(11.79 ± 3.22),(9.84 ± 2.63),(5.61 ± 1.35) ml and (2.35 ± 0.27),(2.15 ± 0.24),(1.97 ± 0.16),(1.62 ± 0.22) cm,and the differences between different groups were statistically significant (F =27.77,35.56,all P ＜ 0.05).The thickness of the isthmic portion was respectively as follows:(0.53 ± 0.09),(0.47 ± 0.06),(0.44 ± 0.06),(0.38 ± 0.06) cm,and the differences between different groups were not statistically significant (F =14.76,P ＞ 0.05).The PSVs were respectively as follows:(50.53 ± 10.61),(42.93 ± 7.81),(64.96 ± 12.20),(34.74 ± 6.05) cm/s,and the differences between different groups were statistically significant (F =36.06,P ＜ 0.05).The RIs were respectively as follows:0.59 ± 0.04,0.60 ± 0.02,0.63 ± 0.02,0.60 ± 0.02,and the differences between different groups were not statistically significant (F =7.66,P ＞ 0.05).Patients with euthyroidism had Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI) pattern 0 (52.6％,10/19).Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism had CDFI pattern Ⅰ (60.0％,12/ 20).Patients with hypothyroidism had CDFI pattern Ⅱ (66.7％,12/18).Patients with hyperthyroidism had CDFI pattern Ⅲ (55.0％,11/20).The thyroid gland echo in CLT groups was mainly diffuse hypoechoic pattern (62.3％,48/ 77).Focal hypoechoic pattern and diffuse hypoechoic pattern without heterogeneous linear hypoechoic were mainly seen in the groups of hyperthyroidism and euthyroidism (66.7％,26/39).Diffuse hypoechoic pattern with heterogeneous linear hypoechoic and nodular changes were mainly seen in the groups of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism (86.9％,33/38).The E2/E1 in focal hypoechoic pattern,diffuse hypoechoic pattern without heterogeneous linear hypoechoic pattern,diffuse hypoechoic pattern with heterogeneous linear hypoechoic and nodular changes were by turns:1.30 ± 0.48,1.68 ± 0.38,1.97 ± 0.55,2.27 ± 0.63,and the differences between different groups were statistically significant (F =32.47,P ＜ 0.05).The E2/E1 in hyperthyroidism,euthyroidism,subclinical hypothyroidism,and hypothyroidism were by turns:1.12 ± 0.50,1.69 ± 0.12,2.21 ± 0.20,2.45 ± 0.32,and the differences between different groups were statistically significant (F =64.54,P ＜ 0.05).The correlation coefficient between E2/E1 and serum TSH was 0.742,which was significant (P ＜ 0.01) in different thyroid function groups.Conclusions CLT with different thyroid functions has different features of ultrasound and elastography.E2/E1 can reflect the hardness of the thyroid parenchyma to a certain extent,and assess the thyroid function and the course of the disease,can prevent the occurrence of hypothyroidism early.

Objective To investigate the effect of hypoxic preconditioning on anti-inflammatory responses of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in rats through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Methods In vitro experiment The isolated rat BMSCs were cultured by whole bone marrow adherence method.The cells at passage 3 were seeded in 24-well plates at a density of 1 × 106 cells/ml and randomly divided into 5 groups (n =8 wells each) using a random number table:control group (group C),normoxia-incubated group (group N),hypoxic preconditioning group (group H),hypoxia preconditioning + STAT3 inhibitor Stattic group (group HS) and hypoxia preconditioning + anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibody group (group HA).In group C,BMSCs were incubated in DMEM culture medium.In group N,BMSCs were exposed to21％ O2-74％ N2-5.0％ CO2 for48 h.In group H,BMSCs were exposed to 0.5％ O2-94.5％ N2-5.0％ CO2 for 24 h followed by 24 h exposure to normoxia.In HS and HA groups,500 μg/ml Stattic and 100 μg/rnl anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibody were added to the culture medium before hypoxia preconditioning,respectively.The expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) and IL-10 was determined by Western blot.In vivo experiment Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 300-350 g,in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted without complications,underwent spinal cord ischemia by occlusion of the thoracic aorta combined with controlled hypotension.Three hundred rats with spinal cord I/R injury were randomly divided into C,N,H,HS and HA groups (n =60 each) using a random number table.Immediately after onset of reperfusion,DMEM medium 300 μl was injected intrathecally in group C,and BMSC suspension 300 μl (1 × 106 cells/ml) was injected intrathecally in N,H,HS and HA groups.Neurological function was scored before ischemia and at 4,12,24 and 48 h of reperfusion (T0-,).The animals were then sacrificed and the lumbar segment of spinal cord was removed for detection of the content of IL-10,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1),and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 α (MIP-1 α) (by ELISA) and the number of activated microglia (by immuno-histochemistry).Results Compared with C and N groups,the expression of pSTATβ and IL-10 was significantly up-regulated,the neurological function score and IL-10 content were increased,the content of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,MCP-1 and MIP-1α and the number of activated microglia were decreased in group H (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group H,the expression of p-STAT3 and IL-10 in group HS and expression of IL-10 in group HA was significantly down-regulated,and the neurological function score and IL-10 content were decreased,and the content of TNF-α,IL-13,IL-6,MCP-1 and MIP-1α and the number of activated microglia were increased in HS and HA groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Hypoxic preconditioning can enhance anti-inflammatory effects of BMSCs,thus increasing BMSCs-induced reduction of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Airway Obstruction ; complications ; diagnosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; microbiology ; Bronchoscopy ; Child, Preschool ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; etiology ; microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; isolation & purification