Objective To clarify insulin resistances and pancreatic ?-cell hypofunctions in cases with different glucose tolerance. Methods 5523 Chinese underwent OGTT and were classified into normal glucose tolerance (NGT), isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), IFG with IGT (IFG+IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) groups based on OGTT results. HOMA-IR, HOMA-?△I30/△G30and AUCI of different groups were statistically analyzed by SPSS12.0. Results Compared to NGT group, HOMA-IR was increased by 41%, 19%, 47% and 69% respectively in IFG, IGT, IFG+IGT and T2DM groups (all P

0.05). Conclusions Our study does not support a positive association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection or reinfection and MS. Chlamydia pneumoniae may be a bystander pathogen.

Forensic Medicine ; Formaldehyde

Objective To explore expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?)in kidney cells during hypoxia/reoxygenation injury,and to study the effect of Danshen on prevention of the hypoxia/reoxygenation injury to cells.Methods Human renal proximal tubular cells(HK-2)were used as the target cell.There were 3 groups:control group,model group,Danshen group.hypoxia/reoxygenation models after neonatal asphyxia were established with liquid paraffin covering method.Expression of HIF-1? were detected with strcp avidin biotin complex(SABC)immunohistochemistry at following different time points:hypoxia 1,4,8,12,24 h,which means 1,4,8,12,24 h respectively after hypoxia;and hypoxia/reoxygenation 1,4,8,12,24 h,which means 1,4,8,12,24 h respectively after hypoxia/reoxygenation.Results HIF-1? was expressed mainly in HK-2's nucleus.There had low expression of HIF-1? in HK-2 cells under the normal culture,and its expression level kept rising quickly during hypoxic/reoxygenatic culture,until 4 h after the beginning of reoxygenation.Compared with the study group,the expression level of HIF-1? in HK-2 cells of the Danshen group were significantly lower at different time points(Pa

ABSTRACT:Objective To study the effects of arotinolol,propranolol and carvedilol on rat portal hypertension and make a comprehensive evaluation of the three drugs.Methods Portal hypertension was induced with CCl4 in rats.Arotinolol,propranolol,and carvedilol were administered for 2 weeks after the model was stable.Mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR)and portal venous pressure (PVP)were measured at intubation;α-SMA expression was measured by immunohistochemistry;Masson staining was used to test collagen fibers area.Results Compared with model group,both arotinolol and carvedilol could significantly reduce PVP level (P <0.001),which was lower than that in propranolol group (P <0.001,P =0.032).Compared with those in model group,both MAP and HR in arotinolol group and carvedilol group were significantly reduced (P <0.05),MAP in carvedilol group was lower than in arotinolol group (P = 0.01 1 ).MAP was obviously decreased in propranolol group compared with model group (P =0.003),but HR had no sighificant difference between the two groups (P =0.143).Only TBIL in arotinolol and propranolol groups reduced significantly compared with model group (P <0.001 ).However,ALT, ALB and TBIL were obviously ameliorated in carvedilol group compared with model group (P <0.001,P <0.001, P =0.045).The expression ofα-SMA and the area of collagen fibers in arotinolol,carvedilol and propranolol groups
significantly declined compared with those in model group (P <0.05 ).Conclusion Arotinolol can significantly reduce cirrhotic rats’ portal pressure,with effects similar to those of carvedilol.The effect of arotinolol in improving liver function is weaker than that of carvedilol,but the side effects on MAP are milder than those of carvedilol.

Objective To compare the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS ) in patients with gastroesophageal reflex disease (GERD)and healthy controls.Methods The distribution and relative protein amount of two NOS subtypes (nNOS and iNOS)were determined with immunohistological method,and their mRNA levels were measured with real-time PCR method.Results The nNOS and iNOS were mostly distributed in the cytoplasm in epithelia of esophageal mucosa.The nNOS and iNOS in reflux esophagitis (RE)were significantly higher than in non-erosive reflux disease (NERD)patients and healthy controls (P <0.05 ).The mRNA levels of nNOS and iNOS were also significantly higher in RE patients than in NERD patients and healthy controls (P <0.05).Conclusion The expressions of nNOS and iNOS were increased in the esophagus of RE patients,which may be related to the effects of NO on the onset of GERD.

In order to find the anti-virus constituents of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb, the investigation was carried out. The paper reported the five triterpenoid saponins isolated from n-BuOH fraction: 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-oleanolic acid]-28-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (1), oleanolic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (calenduloside E, 2), oleanolic acid-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-Obeta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (chikusetsusaponin-IVa, 3), 3-O-(6'-O-butyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl)-oleanolic acid-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (4) and hederagenin-3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (HN-sapoins K, 5). 1 is a new compound, saponins 4 and 5 were isolated from the plant for the first time.

Objective To compare the difference of the HBsAg detected results between the Roche cobas e601 electrochemilumi-nescence immunoassay instrument and the Abbott Architect i2000chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay instrument.Methods The HBsAg positive specimens with the quantitation results of lower than 250IU/mL detected by the Abbott Architect i2000 were selected and simultaneously detected by the Roche cobas e601.The differences of detected results were compared and per-formed the linear correlation and analysis regression.Results 46 clinical specimens were detected.The detected results had best correlation between the two instruments by getting rid of 1 specimen with unconformable reactivity of detected results.15 speci-mens had the HBsAg detected result of 0.05-1.00 IU/mL by the Abbott Architect i2000,the linear regression equation was Y =17.49X+0.843(r=0.979);15 specimens had the HBsAg detected result of 1.1 -10.00 IU/mL IU/mL by the Abbott Architect i2000,the linear regression equation was Y =15.72X +21.06(r=0.952);15 specimens had the HBsAg detected result of 11 -250 IU/mL by the Abbott Architect i2000,the linear regression equation was Y =29.17X -129(r=1.000).Conclusion The detected results have better correlation between the two instruments and can be mutually converted by the formulas.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of silencing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene in Kupffer cells on liver ischemic reperfusion injury in rats. Methods We constructed the eukaryotic expression vector of small hairpin RNA targeting rat TNF-α gene. PBS, blank vector or TNF-α shRNA mixture were injected through portal vein 48 h before operation. The animals were divided into 4 groups: sham group, PBS group, blank vector group, and shRNA group. The left lateral and median lobes of the liver were rendered ischemic for 40 min resulting in a segmental (70 %) hepatic ischemia. The serum ALT and AST levels were determined 6 h after reperfusion. The mRNA expression of TNF-α in Kupffer cells, serum TNF-α level, concentration of the malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the liver tissue were detected. Results Compared with the PBS and blank vector groups, ALT and AST levels were significantly decreased in the shRNA group after reperfusion for 6 h (P＜0. 05), TNF-α mRNA level, serum TNF-α level(56.6 ± 6. 7 pg/ml vs 87.8 ± 8. 7 pg/ml and 96.5±7.3 pg/ml,P＜0. 05), concentration of MDA in the liver tissue(93.4±13.3 nmol/mg vs 133.5±12. 4 nmol/mg and 136.7 ±13. 6 nmol/mg, P＜0.05 )were significantly decreased, and SOD activity was significantly increased(22.4±4.6 U/mg vs 12. 2±3. 1 U/mg and 11. 4±2. 9 U/mg,P＜0. 05). Conclusion RNA interfering TNF-α gene in Kupffer cells can protect the liver against ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Objective To explore therapeutic effects and mechanisms of radical scavenger edaravone on experimental cerebral hemorrhage.Methods Two hundred-forty male SD rats were divided randomly into four groups:control group,cerebral hemorrhage group,edaravone treatment group before operation (A) and edaravone treatment group after operation (B).Experimental cerebral hemorrhage model was made according to the method reported by Rosenberg.Water quantity contained in brain and nervous missing sign were observed,meanwhile the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissue were measured.Results Compared with cerebral hemorrhage group,nervous missing sign and water quantity contained in brain obviously changed in edaravone treatment group (P