This paper reviews the development of physician professionalism and its research at home and abroad in recent decades.Content,evaluation,the problems and challenges,and the affecting factors of physician professionalism are analyzed.With regard to the status quo of physician professionalism in China,some ideas to improve and build physician professionalism in China are proposed.

In Western countries, the mutation status of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes is commonly determined for genetic counseling among members of families with a history of breast or ovarian cancer, especially for women of the Ashkenazi Jewish ethnicity. Recent studies in the Cancer Genome Atlas project have demonstrated that BRCA2 mutation carriers are more responsive to platinum-based chemotherapy among high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. Thus, in Western countries, the mutation status of BRCA1 and BRCA2 is recognized to have an important value with which to assess cancer risk and therapeutic response. However, very limited studies of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and their implications for counseling and therapeutic prediction have been conducted in China. Therefore, a potentially important genetic test that is technically simple has not benefited Chinese women with an increased risk of breast or ovarian cancer. This article summarizes the current progress in the study of BRCA1/2 mutation in China and recommends an increased effort in applying advances in genetic testing to the clinical management of Chinese patients with ovarian cancer.
Age Factors ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Genes, BRCA2 ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; ethnology ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Mutation ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; ethnology ; genetics ; surgery ; Platinum ; therapeutic use ; Remission Induction ; Risk ; Survival Rate

The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of concentration, intestinal segments, pH, inhibitors of proteins (P-gp), Na(+)-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT1) on the intestinal absorption of berberine, and to compare intestinal absorption of berberine in combinations. With phenol red as the indicator, in situ single pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) model was used and intestinal absorption of pure berberine at concentrations of 36.70, 46.17 and 92.33 microg x mL(-1), simulated system of HLJDT (mixture of berberine, baicalin and geniposide), HLJDT with the concentration of berberine 92.33 microg x mL(-1) in perfusion solution of different intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon) were determined by HPLC in combination with diode array detection (DAD). The results indicated that Ka values ofberberine at different concentrations had little significant difference among that obtained after perfusing via duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon indicating that the absorption of berberine was mainly the passive diffusion. It was also suggested that SGLT1 and P-gp might exert some effects on the absorption of berberine. Ka and Peff values of berberine in a mixture of pure compounds and HLJDT for different intestine segments of rat showed an increasing tendency and was significantly different (P < 0.05) indicating that berberine in a mixture of pure compounds and HLJDT was assimilated better in small intestine. These results indicate that the intestinal absorption of berberine may be affected by compatibility of compounds. Additionally, berberine has wide absorption window and better absorption in colon.

Objective To investigate the influence of Xiyanping injections therapy on inflammation factors and lung function for old patients with acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Methods Ninety-two patients with AECOPD were randomly divided into the control group (n =46) and observation group(n =46).Patients in control group were given conventional treatment,in observation group were given XiYanPing injections for 2 weeks treatment on the basis of treatment of control group.The C-reactive protein(CRP),blood sedimentation rate (ESR),interleukin 10 (IL-10),1 s forced expiratory volume (FEV1),forced vital capacity (FVC),FEV1/FVC change and clinical effect of the two groups were recorded.Results There was no statistically significant difference in terms of CRP,ESR and IL-10 between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0.05).After treatment,CRP and ESR in control group were reduced from (35.6 ±9.8) mg/L and (56.2 ± 16.4) mm/h to (14.2 ± 8.1) mg/L and (22.4 ± 11.6) mm/1 h and the difference was significant (t =-14.515,-12.008;P ＜ 0.05),while in observation group decreased from (36.4 ± 8.2) mg/L,(54.6 ± 15.4) to (8.2 ± 6.2) mg/L,(16.8 ± 9.6) mm/h and the difference was significant (t =-18.468,-15.249;P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,the level of IL-10 in the two groups significantly increased and the observation group showed more.IL-10 in control group increased from (168.8 ± 62.4) ng/L to (212.4 ± 85.6) ng/L and the difference was significant(t =5.468,P ＜ 0.05),and in observation group increased from (172.8 ± 65.1) ng/L to (266.4 ± 92.6) ng/L and the difference was significant (t =6.368,P ＜ 0.05).The FEV1 and FVC were markedly increased after treatment and the observation group showed increase more.FEV1and FVC in control group were increased from (1.41 ±0.15) L and (2.62 ±0.88) L to (1.62 ± 0.18) L and (2.89 ± 0.92) L,and the differences were significant (t =2.186,2.415 ; P ＜ 0.05).While in observation group,FEV1 and FVC were increased from (1.42 ± 0.16) L and (2.59 ± 0.84) L to (1.84 ±0.21) L and (3.12 ± 0.94) L,and the differences were significant (t =4.366,4.585 ; P ＜ 0.05).Total efficacy of observation group was 91.3％ (42/46),obviously higher than that of control group(78.3％ (36/46) ; x2 =4.658 ;P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Xiyanping injections can reduce the inflammatory response in patients with AECOPD,improve lung function and the effect of treatment.

Objective To resolve the sharing of the images which are dispersed in multiple mini-PACS in one hospital or in the distributed PACS in the different hospitals.Methods The grid technology and the medical image network were integrated to research some key technologies on a medical image storage grid.Results Basing on the services provided by grid and considering the hospital's situation,two layers architecture of storage grid that was adapted with the sharing character of the medical information were put forward.Using the services provided by the storage grid,the dynamic storage extension was realized.Conclusion The medical image storage grid can integrate multiple storage systems in the image network.It supports the effective usage of the storage system and transparent accessing for users.

Objective·To investigate the role of collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1) in ovarian cancer cell metastasis and the related mechanism. Methods·The expression of CTHRC1 in ovarian cancer cells was detected by Western blotting. The cell line which had high expression of CTHRC1 was transfected with a CTHRC1 specific shRNA, and the lenti-CTHRC1 was used to overexpress CTHRC1 in the cell line whose expression of CTHRC1 was very low. Then the expression of Slug and MMP-2 was assessed. Transwell assay was used to determine the migration and invasion capability of ovarian cancer cells after transfection. Results·The expression of CTHRC1 in HO8910 cells was the lowest, while the CTHRC1 protein level was dramatically increased after transfection of lenti-CTHRC1. Meanwhile, there was a distinct rise of the migration and invasion ability, as well as the expression of Slug and MMP-2 (all P<0.05). Conversely, CaOV3 cells had a higher protein expression of CTHRC1. By using lenti-shCTHRC1, a remarkable knockdown of CTHRC1 was obtained. Likewise, the capability of migration and invasion was decreased, and the Slug and MMP-2 expression was reduced (all P<0.05). Conclusion·CTHRC1 might positively regulate Slug and MMP-2 to promote ovarian cancer cell metastasis.

Objective To culture astrocytes of human optic nerve and establish the cell lines for further study of healing process after optic nerve trauma. [WT5”HZ]Methods [WT5”BZ]Astrocytes of infantile optic nerve were cultured by tissue inoculation or tissue digestion with 0.25% trypsin and 0.06% EDTA. The second and fourth passage cells were stained with HE and anti GFAP, S 100 protein, vimentin, and CD34 antibodies. [WT5”HZ]Results The trypsinized astrocytes of infantile optic nerve reached confluence in 7 days. The cultured cells were in polygonal shape with processes and the cytoplasm was abundant. These cells were positive in GFAP, S 100 protein and vimentin staining, and negative in CD34 staining. Conclusions Astrocytes of human optic nerve can be successfully cultured by trypsinization rather than tissue inoculation.

Electrophysiology examination is an important technique in studying amblyopia, which mainly includes electrooculography( EOG), electroretinography ( ERG), visual evoked potential( VEP). This study does not only summarizes the definition, the mechanisms and the meaning of these indexes in the relevant research progress in recent years, but also makes a comment on the controversies among the relevant research conclusions.

?The small incision lenticule extraction ( SMILE ) with femtosecond laser is a new mode of corneal refractive surgeryrecently. The safety, efficacy, stability and predictability of SMILE lead the corneal refractive surgery to a new world that only use femtosecond laser to correct myopia.With the development and popularity of SMILE, the clinical effect has aroused much concern.But there remain exited disputes in refractive stability, visual quality and corneal biomechanical property, contrast sensitivity and glare symptoms, corneal sensitivity and dye eye, corneal endothelial cells and intraocular pressure.These will be summarized in this review.

Objective To construct a luciferase gene expression vector containing full-length 3' untranslated region(3'UTR)of mouse vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C)gene,and to observe the effects of VEGF-C 3'UTR on luciferase gene expression by a double-fluorescence report system.Methods Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was used to amplify VEGF-C 3'UTR and a 312bp VEGF-C coding region(CR)fragment from full-length VEGF-C cDNA in mouse Lewis lung cancer cells.The luciferase expression vectors containing VEGF-C 3'UTR or VEGF-C CR were constructed by subcloning the PCR products to luciferase reporter vector pGL3-Promoter using gene engineering technology,and then they were transfected to mouse Lewis lung carcinoma cells by LipofectamineTM 2000.The activities and mRNA expression of luciferase were detected by Dual-Luciferase Reporter System and quantitative RT-PCR,respectively.Results Mouse VEGF-C 3'UTR(429bp)and VEGF-C CR(312bp)were successfully amplified by PCR.The VEGF-C 3'UTR and VEGF-C CR fragments were successfully inserted into pTA2 vector,and then subcloned to pGL3-Promoter vector at Xba Ⅰ site by using restriction endonucleases analysis.The DNA sequences and insertion orientation of PCR products were all correct by sequencing analysis.The resulted luciferase expression plasmids were named pGL3-VEGF-C 3'UTR and pGL3-VEGF-C CR,respectively.Dual-Luciferase Reporter System detection and quantitative RT-PCR showed that in Lewis lung carcinoma cells,the activities of luciferase and expression of luciferase mRNA in the pGL3-Promoter group were higher than that in the pGL3-VEGF-C 3'UTR group,and there was no significant difference between pGL3-VEGF-C CR group and pGL3-Promoter group.Conclusion VEGF-C 3'UTR can inhibit luciferase gene expression.