Objective:To evaluate our self-made distraction reductor used in the percutaneous minimally invasive treatment of calcaneal fractures.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted of the 32 patients (37 feet) who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital to Chongqing Medical University from January 2017 to December 2019 for calcaneal fractures. They were 26 males and 6 females, aged from 20 to 67 years (average, 46.5 years). The height and length of the calcaneus were restored by our self-made tri-plane distraction reductor in all patients; the displaced fracture blocks were reset in a minimally invasive manner in patients with intra-articular fracture; final fixation was performed with a minimally invasive plate and screws. Time for reductor installation, operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded; complications, fracture union and reduction were observed; height, length and width of the calcaneus, ankle-hindfoot scores of American Society of Foot and Ankle Surgery (AOFAS), Maryland scores, and visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded at the last follow-up; B?hler and Gissane angles were compared between pre- and post-operation.Results:All patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months (average, 17.2 months). Time for reductor installation averaged 5.0 min (from 3 to 8 min), operation time 91.5 min(from 70 to 110 min), and intraoperative blood loss 25.2 mL (15 to 50 mL). Superficial infection of traction track occurred in one patient and sural nerve injury in one patient. All fractures united without any reduction loss by the last follow-up. On average, the last follow-up observed a calcaneal height of 39.3 mm, a calcaneal length of 70.6 mm, a calcaneal width of 32.7 mm, an AOFAS score of 87.8, a Maryland score of 86.7 and a VAS score of 2.2. The calcaneal B?hler angle was recovered significantly from 3.7°±13.7° preoperatively to 25.8°±6.4° at the last follow-up, and the calcaneal Gissane angle from 112.2°±21.3° preoperatively to 125.8°±5.7° at the last follow-up ( P< 0.05). Conclusion:In percutaneous minimally invasive treatment of calcaneal fractures, application of our self-made tri-plane distraction reductor can lead to fine clinical efficacy.

Objective:To investigate the number and distribution of macrophages (Mφ) and natural killer(NK) cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), paraneoplastic,cirrhosis and normal liver tissues and their relationship with the prognosis of HCC patients.　Methods:Surgical specimens from 60 cases of HCC, 62 cases of cirrhosis and 23 cases of normal liver tissues were investigated by immunohistochemical staining of CD68 and CD57 with a streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase detective system.The correlation of the number of Mφ and NK cells in different tissues with the clinical tumor parameters was also studied.　Results:①The order of the number of Mφ from the highest to the lowest was:paraneoplastic,cirrhosis, normal, HCC(P<0.05)；and the number of NK cells from the highest to the lowest was:HCC, paraneoplastic, normal, cirrhosis(P<0.05).②The number of Mφ decreased successively with the decrease of the HCC differentiation(P<0.05)；There was no relationship between the number of NK cells in HCC and histological grade. ③There was no relationship between the number of Mφ in HCC and clinical TNM stage ；The number of NK cells in HCC had degressive tendency with the clinical TNM stage(P<0.05). ④The number of Mφ and NK cells in HCC in the cases with metastasis in 15 months was significantly lower than that without metastasis(P<0.05, 0.01）.⑤There was a linear positive correlation between the number of Mφ and NK cells in HCC (r＝0.344, P<0.05).　Conclusion:The number of Mφ and NK cells in HCC in the cases with metastasis is significantly lower than that without metastasis；The number of Mφ has a close correlation with the HCC differentiation, and positive correlation with the number of NK cells；The number of Mφ and NK cells might be important markers to estimate the immune status and useful factors to predict the prognosis of HCC patients.

Objective:To investigate the number of CD+68 cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),paraneoplastic tissues,cirrhosis tissues and normal liver tissues and their clinical significance.Methods:Surgical specimens from 60 cases of HCC,62 cases of cirrhosis and 23 cases of normal liver were investigated by immunohistochemical staining of CD+68with streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase detective system.Results:(1)The order of the mean number of CD+68cells in the tissues from the highest to the lowest was:paraneoplastic,cirrhosis,normal liver and HCC tissues(P〈0.01);(2)The number of CD+68cells in the tissues decreased successively with the decrease of HCC differentiation (P〈0.05);(3)There was no relationship between the number of CD+68cells in HCC and its clinical TNM stage;(4)The number of CD+68cells in the cases with metastasis within 15 months was significantly lower than that without metastasis (P〈0.05).Conclusion:The number of CD+68cells might be an important marker to estimate the immune status and a useful factor to predict the prognosis of HCC patients.

To get precise and complete details, the contrast in different images is needed in medical diagnosis and computer assisted treatment. The image registration is the basis of contrast, but the regular rigid registration does not satisfy the clinic requirements. A non-rigid medical image registration method based on mutual information and thin-plate spline was present. Firstly, registering two images globally based on mutual information; secondly, dividing reference image and global-registered image into blocks and registering them; then getting the thin-plate spline transformation according to the shift of blocks' center; finally, applying the transformation to the global-registered image. The results show that the method is more precise than the global rigid registration based on mutual information and it reduces the complexity of getting control points and satisfy the clinic requirements better by getting control points of the thin-plate transformation automatically.
Algorithms ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods

Objective To study the changes of resistin and the relationship between resistin and other indexes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Seventy patients with type 2 diabetics were chosen and divided into three groups according to weight index and 15 healthy persons were chosen as controls. ELISA was adopted to determine resistin concentration. Oxydase method was adopted to measure blood sugar. Radio immunoassay was used to measure insulin level. Results Resistin concentration of patient groups r(23.06±9.34)μg/L ] was significantly higher than that of control group [( 9. 89±4. 47) μg/L, P<0. 01 ]. Resistin was positively related to body mass index (r = 0.4 467) and fat distribution (r= 0. 3 314, P<0.01). Resistin was also positively correlated to the area under the curve of sugar tolerance (r=0. 7 063, P<0. 01), negatively related to the insulin resistance index (r=-0. 4 154, P<0.01), but not related to area under the curve of synchronous insulin release (P>0. 05). And a formula was obtainted : Resistin=- 15. 869 + 0. 339×GAUC+0.790×BMI. Conclusion The level of reslstin in type 2 diabetics is higher. And reslstin is related to other factors. This formula is of great significance for clinical study of diabetic's disor- ders.

OBJECTIVETo compare postoperative blood loss under different negative pressures of drainage after total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures.

METHODSFrom January 1st to December 30th 2013, 74 patients with femoral neck fractures treated with total hip arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups: high negative pressure drainage group and low negative pressure drainage group. In high negative pressure drainage group, there were 34 cases including 10 males and 24 females, with a mean age of (75.94 ± 9.02) years old, and the patients were treated with 60 kPa negative pressure of drainage. In the low negative pressure drainage group, there were 40 cases including 13 males and 27 females, with an average age of (74.93 ± 8.90) years old, and the patients were treated with 30 kPa negative pressure of drainage. The amount of total drainage, total blood loss, and hemoglobin change were compared between these two groups.

RESULTSAll the patients got primary healing without infections. In high negative pressure drainage group,the change of hemoglobin was (41.74 ± 15.69) g/L, total blood loss was (1,217.73 ± 459.50) ml and the drainage volume was (312.94 ± 103.44) ml; while in low negative pressure drainage group,the results were (34.90 ± 12.90) g/L, (904.01 ± 381.58) ml and (129.25 ± 44.25) ml separately. All the results in high negative pressure drainage group were higher than those in the other group. Three days after operation, the change of hemoglobin was (46.00 ± 13.29) g/L and total blood loss was (1,304.72 ± 421.75) ml; while in low negative pressure drainage group, the changes of hemoglobin was (43.87 ± 11.39) g/L and total blood loss was (1,196.78 ± 344.20) ml; there were no statistically significant differences between two groups.

CONCLUSIONWhen placing drainage devices after total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures, the level of negative pressure should be chosen according to preoperative level of hemoglobin and HCT in patients. For old patients with femoral neck fracture, low negative pressure is more suitable.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; prevention & control

0.05) in the presence of ApoE ?4 allele.In all four ApoE ?4/4 homozygote patients,one female patient presented a transient delirium status three days before surgery,another male patient presented serious fluctuated delirium symptoms from the second to 17th days after operation.Conclusion The presence of ApoE ?4 allele seems not a predictator of postoperative delirium.ApoE ?4/4 homozygote patients may be more indulgent to delirium than others.

Objective To study the changes of resistin, blood fat and hepatic function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the content of resistin in peripheral blood. Radio immunoassay was used to determine the content of insulin . Oxydase or chemical method was used to determine blood sugar,and automatic analytical instrument was used to determine blood sugar, blood fat and hepatic function. Results Blood-fasting sugars in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (8.85?3.21 mmol/L) increased significantly (P0.05). Conclusion Disorders of internal environment exist in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Contents of resistin, ALB, and blood fat are higher in the patients than those in the controls.

Objective To investigate the effects of melatonin on choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the hippocampus of rats after isoflurane anesthesia.Methods Sixty male SD rats weighing 390-440 g were randomized into five groups (n =12 each):control group (group C),1％ isoflurane group (group Ⅰ),1％ isoflurane + melatonin group (group IM),2％ isoflurane group (group J) and 2％ isoflurane + melatonin group (group JM).Rats in groups IM and JM received intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (10 mg/kg) for 7 days,and rats in other groups received normal saline.On the 7th day of injection,rats in groups Ⅰ and IM inhaled 1％ isoflurane for 4 hours,and rats in groups J and JM inhaled 2％ isoflurane for 4 hours.One day after anesthesia,all the rats began Morris water maze to assess the learning and memory ability,which was made for continuous 5 days.At the end of probe test,6 rats in each group were randomly selected,blood samples were collected to detect plasma melatonin level,and the hippocampi were removed to evaluate the expression and activity of ChAT.The other rats were sacrificed to perform immunofluorescence to detect ChAT in hippocampal CA1 region and dentate gyrus.Results The plasma melatonin level,and the expression and activity of ChAT were significantly lower in group Ⅰ than in group C (P ＜ 0.01).The escape latency was significantly longer,the probe time was significantly shorter,and the plasma melatonin level and the expression and activity of ChAT were significantly lower in group J than in group C (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The escape latency was significantly shorter,the probe time was significantly longer,and the plasma melatonin level and the expression and activity of ChAT were significantly higher in group IM than in group Ⅰ (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The escape latency was significantly shorter,and the plasma melatonin level and the ChAT activity were significantly higher in group JM than in group J (P＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Melatonin can attenuate isoflurane-induced ChAT inhibition and thus improve the cognitive function of rats after isoflurane anesthesia.

Objective:To study the influence of pomegranate tannins on the endogenous metabolites in the urine of normal rats by metabonomics method. Methods:The rats were divided into two groups, the blank control group and tannins group. The rats in tan-nins group were orally administered 78. 5 mg·ml-1 pomegranate tannins for 4 weeks. The urine samples were collected and used in the metabonomics study. The urine data were collected by HPLC-MS and comparatively analyzed using PCA and PLS-DA method in SIM-CA-P software. Results:The score points of tannins group displayed obvious distance compared with those of the blank control group, and the changes were the most obvious on the 22nd administration day. Conclusion:Endogenous metabolites in rat urine are obviously influenced by pomegranate tannins, and the research provides the basis for the further study of pomegranate tannins.