Objective To evaluate the titers of EV71 neutralizing antibody in donators' plasma,and to establish a high throughput screening method to screening anti-EV71 positive plasma for the production of EV7l-specific IVIG in practice.Methods The EV71 neutralizing antibody titers in plasma samples and in commercial IVIGs (intravenous immunoglobulins) were evaluated by micro-cytopathic effect neutralization test (MCPENT),and a selecting criteria was determined for screening anti-EV71 positive plasma.Then,a high throughput neutralizing method for screening plasma was established and a comparison with MCPENT was conducted.EV71-specific IVIG was prepared from screened anti-EV71 source plasma,and its neutralizing activity was evaluated in cell model and mouse model.Results The results of MCPENT showed that the titers of EVT1 neutralizing antibody were 1 ∶ 50 or above in 20％ of the source plasma,and reached 1 ∶ 180 after being pooled,approaching to the titer of commercial IVIG.In 480 samples,the coincidence rate between the established high throughput neutralizing method and MCPENT was 88.1％.The quality of prepared EV71-specific IVIG was complied with the national standard,and its neutralizing potency was 16 times of that of IVIG,suggesting EV71-specific IVIG had a significantly improved protecting effect on experimental neonatal mice.Conclusion The screening method and the screening criteria for EV71 specific plasma were successfully established.The established high throughput neutralizing method that was operated easily could be used for plasma screening in the development of EV71-specific IVIG.The prepared EV71-specific IVIG,whose neutralizing potency was significantly improved,showed a markedly protective effect on experimental neonatal mice,suggesting it might be very important for the prevention and treatment of handfoot-and-mouth disease.

Objective To explore the feasibility of evaluating the lung function by MSCT in emphysema.Methods The MSCT scan and pulmonary function tests(PFF)were respectively performed in 147 receptors within one week.They were randomly divided into 2 groups:group A(120 receptors), including normal,mild,moderate and severe abnormal pulmonary function based on the PFT,for comparing the correlation between pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT pulmonary function and PFT and settingup the primary grade criteria of abnormal pulmonary function in emphysema,group B(27 receptors)for evaluating the diagnostic accuracy in group A.The total lung was respectively scanned at the full inspiration and full expiration with MSCT.The pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT were measured with Siemens Pulmo pulmonary quantitative software.Results There was correlation between pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT and PFF.The Piex/in_(-910)showed best correlation with FEV_1%(r=-0.905,P

OBJECTIVE To explore the potential neurotoxicity of nano-alu mina (<50 n m)in vivo, we treated the ICR mouse with the nano-alu mina to investigate the mitochondrial da mage of nerve cells on morphology and function.METHODS Adult male mice were exposed to nano-alu mina (<50 n m)of 0,25,50 and 75 mg·kg -1 by nasal instillation for 1 month.Then we observed the mitochondrial ultra-structure of the nerve cells in CA3 region of hippoca mpus,and measured the mean dia meter in every group.The activities of Na +-K +-ATPase and Ca2 +-Mg2 +-ATPase were tested by the determination of the inorganic phosphorus,which was the deco mposition product of ATPase.Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of COX-Ⅳ,Beclin1 ,LC3Ιand LC3Ⅱ.RESULTS Co mpared with 0 and 25 mg·kg -1 groups exposed to Al2 O3 nanopartilces (Al2 O3 NPs),the mitochondria of CA3 region in hip-poca mpus in 50 mg·kg -1 group beca me ede matous and swollen with sparse and broken cristae sur-rounding the nuclear,and the mean dia meter was higher(0.49 ±0.02 μm,P <0.05).But co mpared with 50 mg·kg -1 group,the mitochondria in 75 mg·kg -1 group beca me s maller with inner cristae of high density,and the mean dia meter was lower(0.36 ±0.02 μm,P<0.05).The enzy me activity of the mito-chondria in cerebral cortex decreased dose-dependently with exposure,the activities of Na +-K +-ATPase in 50 and 75 mg·kg -1 groups(6.37 ±0.22 kU·g -1 protein,5.48 ±1 .53 kU·g -1 protein)and Ca2 +-Mg2 +-ATPase in 50 and 75 mg·kg -1 groups (3.21 ±0.99 kU·g -1 protein,3.28 ±0.15 kU·g -1 protein)were lower than the 0 mg·kg -1 group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the Ca2 +-Mg2 +-ATPase in 50 and 75 mg·kg -1 groups showed lower activities in co mparison with the 25 mg·kg -1 group.The 75 mg·kg -1 group expressed higher level of the COX-Ⅳ protein 1 .35 ±0.66(P<0.05)than other groups.Both expression of Beclin1 protein and rate of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰin 75 mg·kg -1 group were more than the 0 mg·kg -1 group. CONCLUSION The mitochondrial dysfunction may be the potential neurotoxicity of nano-alu mina,and the da maged mitochondria were cleared by autophagy.

Objective: To analyze the mortality trend of bladder cancer among residents in Qidong, Jiangsu Province from 1972 to 2016, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment strategy of bladder cancer in Qidong. Methods: The data of bladder cancer was collected from Qidong Cancer Registry.The crude mortality rate ( CR ), age-standardized rate by Chinese population in 2000 (CASR) and world population in 1960 ( WASR ), truncated rate (35-64 years) and cumulative rate ( 0-74 years ) were calculated. The annual percent change ( APC ) was used to analyze the trend of mortality in bladder cancer. Results: During from 1972 to 2016, There were 1 497 deaths due to bladder cancer in Qidong from 1972 to 2016. The CR, CASR and WASR were 2.96/105, 1.83/105 and 1.80/105, respectively. The APCs in CR, CASR, WASR of bladder cancer were 5.29%, 1.86% and 1.81%, respectively ( P<0.05 ), showing upward trends. The truncated rate, cumulative rate and cumulative risk were 1.47/105, 0.17% and 0.17%, respectively. The CR, CASR and WASR in males were 4.71/105, 2.97/105 and 3.31/105, respectively, which was higher than that of 1.26/105, 0.75/105, and 0.66/105 in females ( P<0.05 ). The APC of CR, CASR and WASR in males were 5.71%, 1.96% and 2.17%, respectively ( P<0.05 ), all showed upward trends. For females, the APC of CR was 4.47% ( P<0.05 ), showing an upward trend, but there was no significant change in CASR and WASR ( P>0.05 ). The CR of bladder cancer was high among people aged more than 55 years. The CR in 55-64-year-old group, 65-74-year-old group and more than 75-year-old group showed upward trends, with APC of 4.50%, 2.22% and 4.51%, respectively ( P<0.05 ). Conclusions From 1972 to 2016, the mortality of bladder cancer in Qidong showed an upward trend, which was relatively high in men and people aged over 55 years.

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between the lung pixel indexes of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT), and to explore the CT features of histograms of lung attenuation.

METHODSMSCT scan and pulmonary function test (PFT) were separately performed in 127 subjects within one week. The total lung was scanned with MSCT at full inspiration, full expiration, and normal respiration. The lung pixel indexes were measured by Pulmo pulmonary quantitative software. These indexes include PI(-910Huin), PI(-960HUEX), PI(-910Huin), PI(-960Huex), PI(-910(Hun), PI(-960Hun), PI(910Huex/in), and the histograms of lung attenuation.

RESULTSCorrelation existed between all the lung pixel indexes of MSCT and PFT. PI(-910Huex/in showed the best correlation with FEV1/FVC (r = 0.901, P < 0.01). Three distribution patterns were found in the histograms of lung attenuation of total lung, including double-peak distribution (n = 28), similar normal distribution (n = 81), and partial distribution (n = 18).

CONCLUSIONThe lung pixel indexes of MSCT have significant correlation with PFT and can be used to assess the pulmonary function.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

OBJECTIVETo assess the effectiveness and safety of intratympanic versus systemic steroid therapy in the initial treatment of idiopathic sudden hearing loss.

METHODSAn extensive search of the literature was performed in Pubmed and other available database from January, 1980 to November, 2011. After filtering by the criteria of Cochrane Collaboration, a meta-analysis was conducted.

RESULTSNine studies met the criteria for meta-analysis, for idiopathic sudden hearing loss patients without diabetes received intratympanic steroid therapy, the improvement rate (RR = 1.11,95% CI = 0.96-1.28, P = 0.15) did not show any significance when compared with the patients received systemic therapy. While a significant difference of improvement rate occurred between intratympanic and systemic steroid therapy in the idiopathic sudden hearing loss patients with diabetes (RR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.02-1.50, P = 0.03).

CONCLUSIONFor the initial therapy of idiopathic sudden hearing loss patients without diabetes, systemic steroid treatment still remains the first choice, but for the idiopathic sudden hearing loss patients with diabetes, intratympanic steroid treatment should be used for the initial treatment.

Administration, Oral ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; drug therapy ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Methylprednisolone ; Steroids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Tympanic Membrane

OBJECTIVETo analyze the chemical constituents of the non-alkaloid fraction of Uncaria macrophylla.

METHODSThe constituents were separated and purified by silica gel chromatography and recrystalization, and their structures were identified by infrared, mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry.

RESULTSSix compounds were isolated from the non-alkaloid fraction of Uncaria macrophylla, whose structures were identified as beta-sitosterol, beta-daucosterol, ursolic acid, alpha-amyrin acetate, 3beta, 6beta, 23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3beta-hydroxyurs-12-en-27, and 3beta-hydroxyurs-12-en-27, 28-dioic acid, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSUrsolic acid is the main component in the non-alkaloid fraction of Uncaria macrophylla. Alpha-amyrin acetate and 3beta-hydroxyurs-12-en-27, 28-dioic acid are isolated and characterized for the first time from this plant.

Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; isolation & purification ; Uncaria ; chemistry

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of pancreatic fistula after radical resection of gastric cancer, and to establish a risk prediction scoring model for pancreatic fistula.Methods:The clinico-pathological data of 312 patients with gastric cancer admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2019 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Multiple factor logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of pancreatic fistula after radical resection of gastric cancer, and a risk prediction scoring model based on the risk factors was established. Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to detect the goodness of fit of regression equation, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the distinction degree of regression equation.Results:Among 312 patients with gastric cancer, 27 cases (8.65%) had pancreatic fistula after radical resection of gastric cancer. Multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that male patients ( OR = 5.312, 95% CI 1.532-18.420, P = 0.008), age ≥ 60 years old ( OR = 4.928, 95% CI 1.493-16.250, P = 0.009), preoperative diabetes mellitus ( OR = 3.062, 95% CI 1.091-8.589, P = 0.034), lesion location in the gastric body-gastric antrum ( OR = 3.121, 95% CI 1.052-9.251, P = 0.040), intraoperative omental bursa resection ( OR = 6.209, 95% CI 2.084-18.478, P = 0.001), intraoperative lymph node dissection at D2+ station ( OR = 3.114, 95% CI 1.044-9.281, P = 0.042), intraoperative combined organ resection ( OR = 5.063, 95% CI 1.473-17.400, P = 0.010), preoperative TNM stage Ⅲ ( OR = 4.973, 95% CI 1.189-20.792, P = 0.028) were independent risk factors for pancreatic fistula after radical resection of gastric cancer. A risk prediction equation of pancreatic fistula after radical resection of patients with gastric cancer was established: P = -8.619+1.670X 1+1.595X 2+1.119X 3+1.138X 4+1.826X 5+1.136X 6+1.622X 7+1.604X 8; factor X was set as a binomial assignment (0 or 1); X1-X8 were listed as follows respectively: gender (the male was 1), age (≥60 years old was 1), preoperative diabetes history (yes was 1), lesion location (gastric body-gastric antrum was 1), intraoperative resection of omental bursa or not (yes was 1), intraoperative lymph node dissection at D2+ station or not (yes was 1), intraoperative combined organ resection or not (yes was 1), preoperative TNM stage (stage Ⅲ was 1). The goodness of fit of regression equation was high ( P = 0.395). The area under the curve of ROC by using risk prediction scoring model to judge pancreatic fistula was 0.916 (95% CI 0.872-0.960, P<0.01). The probability of pancreatic fistula in patients with score ≥ 5 was 40.90%, and the probability of pancreatic fistula in patients with score < 5 was 3.35%. Conclusions:The occurrence of pancreatic fistula after radical resection of gastric cancer is closely related to a variety of risk factors. By establishing a risk prediction scoring model for pancreatic fistula after radical resection of gastric cancer, it is helpful to effectively identify patients with high risk of pancreatic fistula after radical surgery during the perioperative period.

Objective:To explore the clinico-pathological characteristics and risk factors affecting prognosis in elderly patients with gastric cancer.Methods:A retrospective study was used to retrospectively analyze 2386 patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical surgery in Surgery Department of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 1 January 2012 to 1 January 2015.Patients aged 70 years and older were screened so as to analyze clinical characteristics and influencing factors for the prognosis.Results:A total of 2386 patients with gastric cancer were divided into the elderly group aged 70 years and older(342 of 2386 cases, 14.3%). There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender, number of concomitant diseases, NRS2002 score, PG-SGA score, tumor location, tumor diameter, histological type, Borrmann classification, tumor invasion depth staging(pT), lymph node metastasis staging(pN), the anatomic extent of tumor staging(TNM, pTNM), and Lauren classifications( P<0.05). The 981 of 2386 cases(41.4%)had postoperative complications, accompanied by 413 cases(17.3%)of surgery-related complications and 568 cases(24.0%)of non-surgery-related complications.A multivariate logistic analysis showed that the number of preoperative co-existing diseases ≥ 2 was an independent influencing factor for postoperative complications in elderly gastric cancer patients( HR=4.478, 95% CI: 1.121-7.918, P=0.006). The 5-year OS and DSS was 21.10% and 62.73% in the ≥70 years gastric cancer group, and was 54.1% and 70.0% in the <70 years gastric cancer group, respectively.The difference in the 5-year OS between the two groups was statistically significant( P<0.05), while the difference in the 5-year DSS between the two groups was not statistically significant( P>0.05). Multivariate analysis by the Cox proportional hazard model showed that the independent risk factors for the prognosis of elderly patients with gastric cancer included the low-undifferentiated histological type of the tumor( P=0.004), the depth of tumor invasion pT stage of pT4a-pT4b( P=0.007), lymph node metastasis( P=0.034), tumor pTNM stage ⅢA-ⅢC( P=0.002)and vascular tumor thrombus( P=0.034). Conclusions:Elderly patients with gastric cancer have many preoperative co-existing diseases, which increases the risk of postoperative non-surgical complications.Therefore, we should focus on the peri-operative management of their comorbid diseases so as to improve the safety and efficacy of surgery.The advanced age is not the independent risk factors for the prognosis.

Objective To describe the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) occurred in Henan province,at the end of 2011.Methods Five villages round Maqiao township,including 5187 residents,were selected for the study.Five-milliliter-blood was drawn from every one of the interviewee.Clinical data including age,gender and anti-HCV antibody was recorded.Patients with positive antibodies against HCV were tested for HCV RNA.Results A total number of 5187 people from five villages were studied,with age span from 1 to 97.The average age was 48 years and the sex ratio was 1 ∶ 1.34.The anti-HCV result showed that the prevalence was 2.27％,with 1-9 age group the lowest ( 1.55％ ) and the ≥50 year-olds the highest (4.93％).Different villages seemed to have significant differences on the prevalence of HCV,with the highest as 8.68％ and the lowest as 0.55％.Under risk factors analysis and distance-infection rates linear regression analysis,data showed that the prevalence might have correlated to the behavior of a certain family-run clinic.Results from multivariate analysis indicated that factors as intravenous dropping,intravenous injection and the use of surgery/endoscope were associated with the HCV infection in this village.Conclusion Although the public health care system had been developed for more than ten years,iatrogenic infection was yet responsible for the infection of HCV patients in the rural areas of China that called for further attention paid to the system.