AIM: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) drugs to the patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy before vitrectomy treatment.METHODS: A Meta-analysis.A comprehensive retrieval was conducted using the database including EMbase,the Cochrane Library,Pubmed,CBM,WanFang Database,CNKI and so on.The retrieval time was limited from the building time of database to Jan.2017.The randomized controlled trial was adopted with no requirements on languages.The Jadad scale and Cochrance cooperation were used as the tool of the risk and bias evaluation to analyze the literature quality.Quality estimation of evidence-based medicine on the parameters of each evaluation index was made via GRADEpro Software.The publishing biases of enclosed documents were inspected with funnel plot.At last,the Meta analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.3.RESULTS: Totally 16 literatures published from 2008-2016 were finally put into randomized controlled trial.A total of 923 cases were included,among which 493 cases were grouped as intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF before the combined operation of PPV group (the experimental group),and 430 cases were involved in simple PPV group (the control group).The results of Meta-analysis show: (1) The probability of intraoperative bleeding was remarkably lower than the control group [OR=0.06,95%CI (0.02,0.15),P<0.01],with statistically significant differences.(2) The duration of operation was obviously shorter than that of the control group[WMD=-29.13,95% CI (-36.95,-21.30),P<0.01],with statistically significant differences.(3) The probabilities of both early and late postoperative vitreous hemorrhage were lower than those of the control group[OR=0.34,95%CI (0.20,0.58),P<0.01],with highly statistically significant differences.(4) The best corrected visual acuity after surgery was no better than that of the control group,[WMD=-0.51(LogMAR),95%CI(-1.10,0.08),P=0.09] with no statistical significance.(5) The occurrence of iatrogenic retinal rupture was lower than that of the control group[OR=0.24,95%CI(0.14,0.40),P<0.01],with statistically significant differences.(6)Among the 493 patients included in the 16 literature,no case of ocular and general adverse effects due to anti-VEGF injections was reported.CONCLUSION: It is effective and safe for the patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy to inject anti-VEGF drugs into vitreous cavity before vitrectomy.And it can reduce the occurrence of complications during and after surgery,improving the general treatment effects.However,the specific implementation plans,such as the injection does,the interval between the injection and the operation and so on,still need further exploration and perfection.

The corneal reconstruction is tosurgial recover the structure integrity and corneal function after suffered from various trauma, inflammation and degenerative diseases.The corneal diseases caused millions of people worldwide suffering from eyesight damages and even blindness.At present, the corneal transplant is the main therapy for corneal blindness.However, the shortage in donor corneal issue is a worldwide problem and the failure due to the immunologic rejection of host is common.Nowadays, with the development of tissue culture and bioengineering technology, the application prospect of autologous stem cell transplantation is becoming more and more popular which might replace the allogeneic transplantation, becoming an important clinical treatment of regenerative medicine.Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) is a class of adult stem cell divided from the third molar teeth.Both hDPSCs and corneal cell are from the cranial nerve in embryonic ectoderm.Extensive researches show that the hDPSCs have the potentialities in corneal cell differentiation without causing immunologic rejection of the recipient.These findings manifested the potentials of hDPSCs in the clinical applications related to ocular surface reconstruction.In this paper, the features and current investigation status of hDPSCs in ocular surface reconstruction are reviewed.

This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of Polyporus umbellatus sclerotial exudate. Morphological characteristics of the sclerotia and its exudate were observed during different stages of sclerotial formation. The pH of the exudate was detected at different time during cultivation. A phenol-sulfuric acid method was employed to determine the polysaccharide content of P. umbellatus sclerotial exudate during cultivating time. Additionally, the protein content was measured by means of BCA protein assay. Furthermore, CAT content was detected using ultraviolet absorption method. That the protein content of the exudate and CAT specific activity rose gradually during the passage of the cultivating time indicated a high level of oxidative stress during P. umbellatus sclerotial exudate formation. The results showed that the pH of the exudate increased gradually and then dropped down during sclerotial formation. That the pH of the exudate maintained the acidity state during the cultivation indirectly indicated that acidic environment would help sclerotial formation. The exudate produced gradually and was absorbed by the sclerotia itself.
Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fungal Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fungi ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Oxidative Stress ; Polyporus ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; metabolism

Humans ; Neck ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors

· As a member of the stem cells family, mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs ) have been proved to be effective on the repair of tissue injury. Although the specific mechanism is still unclear, MSCs do have a promising future in retinal disease therapy.The results of the current research are diverse.We still have an urgent and long way to explore the details of MSCs.So it’s significant for further understanding of MSCs to analyze the possible mechanism and influencing factors.

Uveitis is a group of inflammatory diseases causing serious impairment of visual function. The precise etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. lt can be induced by infection, trauma, tumor or autoimmune response, of which autoimmune response is the most common. ln recent years, the cytokines in the process of inflammatory autoimmune diseases role has become one of research hot spots, its role in the pathogenesis and the relationship between the disease activity more and more attention. This article reviews the effects of interleukin, tumor necrosis factor, interferon and transforming growth factor-β in the pathogenesis of uveitis.

BACKGROUND:Mkx (Mohawk, transcription factor) is one of the crucial factors in tendon formation, development and differentiation.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the molecular structure, distribution and function of Mkx and its research process in the signaling pathways during tendon differentiation.
METHODS:The first author retrieved the databases of CqVip, CNKI and Medline from1990 to 2016 using the keywords of“Mkx, Mohawk, Irxl, tendon, tendon differentiation, tissue engineering, TGFβ, stem cel”in Chinese and English, respectively. The articles related to research process of Mkx in tendon tissue engineering were retrieved, and a total of 55 literatures were enrol ed final y.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mkx that expresses in various mesoderm-derived tissues plays an important role in the formation and development of tendon and tissue-engineered tendon formation. Although Mkx does not directly act on Scx (Scleraxis), it can regulate the differentiation of tendon progenitor cel s via transforming growth factor-β2 signaling pathway. Cel s from different species and different cel lines as wel as various cytokines for certain make different effects on Mkx involved in tendon tissue engineering.

Owing to the positive interactions between different microorganisms, mixed fermentation has been found more and more effective in practice. Apparent progress has been made on the application and mechanism of mixed fermentation in past ten years, including: (1) degradation and utilization of cellulose, bagasse, cornstalk, etc; (2) degradation of environmental pollution, like Diazinon and PVA; (3) production of specifically metabolite; (4) optimized technics of mixed fermentation. The latest progress on the application, related mechanism, microorganisms, and conditions of mixed fermentation is reviewed in this article.

Objective To investigate the value of high frequency ultrasound and CT in the diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma. Methods Sixty-nine cases of laryngeal carcinoma were typed and staged by high frequency ultrasound and CT, and compared with the results of laryngoscopy and postsurgical pathology. Results The typing accuracy was ~94.2 % for ultrasonography and ~91.3 % for CT, higher than that of laryngoscopy(~73.9 %).T staging accuracy of ultrasonography was T_1 ~85.9 %,T_2 ~88.5 %,T_3 ~94.1 % and T_4 ~88.9 %, higher than that of CT (~68.8 %) and laryngoscopy (~75.0 %) in T_3 stage and superior to laryngoscopy (~66.7 %) in T_4 stage. Lymph node metastases were found in 37 cases (~53.6 %) by ultrasonography, higher than those by CT scanning (~27.5 %). Color Doppler blood flow laryngeal carcinoma was shown in 65 cases(~94.2 %),most were low resistance spectrum pattern. Conclusions High frequency ultrasonography is superior to CT and laryngoscopy in the staging of laryngeal carcinoma and is of great value in choosing the therapeutical protocol.