In order to study the values of MR/CT to the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosis with neuropsyehiatric disorders (SLE-NP), MR/CT image changes of 22 examinations of skull/spinal cord in 16 patients with SLE-NP were analyzed. The results showed that the images of 18 examinations were abnormal (81.8%), including ischaemia/infarct (9 times), haemorrhage (3 times), focal demyelination (3 times), and cerebral atropy (6 times). The areas involved including basal ganglia (10 times), anterior horn of lateral ventricle (5 times), pons (1 time), and spinal cord (2 times). MR/CT is sensitive for the examination of lesions of SLE-NP, and the total positive rate is as high as 81.8%. Its high resolution rate can display the nature and areas of the lesions, which may provide valuable reference for the early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of SLE-NP.

98.95%.The results of certified reference materials were consistent with the target value,and average deviation was -0.31%～1.35%.HPLC was served as the independent variable.When ereatinine was 200 ?mol/L,Bias of Beckman LX20 system,Vitros dry chemistry system and enzymatic method were -10%～13%,-13%～14% and -20%～10%,respectively.Bias of enzymatic method results was mostly negative,when creatinine was

Objective Understand the variation of serum creatinine measurement in clinical laboratories of some hospitals in Beijing.Methods 8 samples of mixed frozen human serum added different creatinine concentration standard materials(the creatinine concentration were80-1 000 ?mol/L)and 8 samples of mixed frozen serum of patients(contained different creatinine concentration)were distributed to 13 clinical laboratories(31 series of detection systems)with the way of spot investigation.Every clinical laboratories measured the samples followed the standard operating procedure.Results As to the mixed frozen human serum added different creatinine standard materials,the CV of different detection systems results were 5.74%-9.68%;as to the mixed frozen patients' serum,the CV was 5.90%-11.69%. Compared with Beckman closed detection systems,the results of Dade systems(which used the kinetic alkaline pieric acid method)showed the bias were-5.99%-0.35%,and as to the other systems which measured by alkaline picric acid method,when creatinine concentrations were 200 ?mol/L,the results showed negative bias,and the greatest bias was-8.45%.The bias plots revealed negative for all of the detection systems with enzymatic method over the whole concentration range,and the greatest bias was -8.88%.Conclusions The creatinine determination results of Beckman and Dade closed detection systems were consistent.The results of detection systems which used enzymatic method were generally lower than Beckman detection systems.What's more,the creatinine measurement variations of clinical laboratories were very large,especially for the results of unclosed detection systems,so it was urgent need to solve the standardization of creatinine measurement.

In the present work, Monte Carlo simulations were employed to study the characteristics of the dose distribution of high energy electron beam in the presence of uniform transverse magnetic field. The simulations carried out the transport processes of the 30 MeV electron beam in the homogeneous water phantom with different magnetic field. It was found that the dose distribution of the 30 MeV electron beam had changed significantly because of the magnetic field. The result showed that the range of the electron beam was decreased obviously and it formed a very high dose peak at the end of the range, and the ratio of maximum dose to the dose of the surface was greatly increased. The results of this study demonstrated that we could change the depth dose distribution of electron beam which is analogous to the heavy ion by modulating the energy of the electron and magnetic field. It means that using magnetic fields in conjunction with electron radiation therapy has great application prospect, but it also has brought new challenges for the research of dose algorithm.
Algorithms ; Electrons ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields ; Monte Carlo Method ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Radiation Dosage

Objective:China was categorized as one of the 68 countdown countries to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDG) 5. This paper aimed to analyze the situation of maternal survival, and coverage of proven cost effective interventions in China, where specific attention was paid to disparities. Methods: National maternal and child mortality surveillance data were used to estimate maternal mortality ratio (MMR). Coverage for proven interventions was analyzed based on National Health Services Survey, where experts' consultations were made for complementation. Results: There had been a significant reduction of MMR in China, however great disparities existed, with rural Ⅱ to Ⅳ areas experiencing 2 to 5 times higher maternal mortality risks than urban areas and accounting for over 70% maternal mortality burdens. Postpartum hemorrhage, pregnancy associated hypertension, embolism and sepsis were the leading causes, and over 75% of the maternal mortality was caused by preventable or curable causes. Maternal health services utilization decreased in accordance with region' s development level. Socioeconomic factors like financial difficulties were the main obstacles hindering access of care.Even those who made deliveries in hospitals faced different probabilities in receiving qualified care according to their socioeconomic standings. Conclusion: China is on track to achieve MDG 5, however great disparities exist. It is necessary to specifically target rural types Ⅱ to Ⅳ areas. Major causes of maternal mortality which can be prevented or averted through the provision of essential obstetrical care. Yet as compared with maternity health needs, insufficient coverage of maternal and child health (MCH) care services and poor service quality are the leading predisposing factors contributing to maternal mortality in China.

Objective To assess feasibility of three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction techniques and virtual gastroscopy of CT(CTVG)in diagnosing gastric tumors.Methods 22 cases doubted with gastric lesions were scaned by mutislice helic CT and reconstructed into CTVG and 3D images.The results were compared with fiberoptic gastroscopy(FG) and all of the cases were sure with gastric lesions and biopsied by gastroscopy or surgery operation.Results 22 patients was examinated successfully,and the lesions was proved by pathology of FG or operation.According to location and shape of lesions,there were more ulcer type(16) and more located at gastric antrum(14) in this specimen.Both CTVG and FG had one misdiagnosis respectively.Conclusion CTVG combined with 3D of MSCT is same sensitivity and specificity as FG.

Objective To study the value of clinical applications of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)3D reconstruction and MPR in knee joint traumatic fracture and the imaging technique of multi-slice spiral CT 3D.Methods 24 cases underwent MSCT and all data sets were done 3D and MPR in ADW 3.1 workstation.Results 3D reconstruction can indicated the site,direction of alignment,fracture degree,colapse,displacement length of trauma knee joint,MPR can viewed damage inside the bone.Conclusion 3D reconstruction and MPR has high application value in clinical diagnosis and choosing therapy methods.

Objective To study the correlation of measuring bone density for diagnosing osteoporosis between VQCT and DXA. Methods 50 patients were measured bone density coinstantaneous by DXA and VQCT. All of the data was saved in computer and analyzed by SPSS soft.Results According to WHO criterion 14 patients were osteoporosis by F-DXA and 9 by S-DXA,and 23 by VQCT.The percent was respective 28%,18% and 46%. The results of VQCT were significantly different from the results of F-DXA and S-DXA (?

Objective To investigate the accuracy of staging gastric cancer with multi slice spiral CT (MSCT) .Methods MSCT,3D reformation images and CTVE were performed in 39 patients with gastric cancer confirmed by gastroscopy and biopsy.The MSCT images were compared with the pathological findings.Results The accuracy of staging gastric cancer by MSCT in combination with 3D reformation images and CTVE was 86.7%. Conclusion The accuracy of staging gastric cancer by MSCT in combination with 3D reformative images and CTVE is very high.It is valuable to be extended clinically.

A canine model of electro-physiologic-electropharmacologic testing on ischemic ventricular tachyarrhythmias were established in the open-chest dogs subjected to programmed electrical stimulation (PES) on 5~8days after acute my-ocardial infarction produced with two -stage occlusion of left anteriol decending coronary artery (LAD) followed by partly reperfusion. The electrophysiologic -electropharmacologic effects of pro-cainamide (PA ) were observed in this canine model. pA distinctly lengthened the QTc interval and the effective refractory period ( ERP) of normal and infarct myocardium in both ventricles and decreasedthe dispersion of ERP in infarct myocardium (IDR) as well as the dispersion of ERP in left ventricle (VDR). The PES - induced ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) was prevented in 5 out of 6 PA treated dogs (n = 6),Normal saline (NS) did not prevented PES- induced VT/VF. The results suggest that PA may be effective in preventing the onset of reentrant ventricular tachyarrhythmias after myocardium ischemic damage.