Adult ; Arsenic Poisoning ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organotin Compounds ; poisoning ; Water Pollution ; Young Adult

The starting material L-tryptophan reacted with 4-chlorobenzaldehyde via Pictet-Spengler condensation and followed by oxidation and decarboxylation to afford the 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-beta-carboline. The intermediate was further reacted with alkyl halogenide by N(9)-alkylation and N2-quaternarization to obtain 12 novel 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-beta-carboline derivatives. The chemical structures of all target compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, MS and 1H NMR spectra. The antitumor activities of the target compounds were evaluated by MTT method. The results demonstrated that N2-quaternarized compounds enhanced the antitumor activity significantly. In particular, compound 15 was found to be the most potent compound with IC50 values lower than 5 micromol x L(-1) against 6 human tumor cells. These results confirmed that the N2-alkyl or aralkyl substituent on the beta-carboline ring played an important role in the modulation of the antitumor activities.

Objective To observe the effect of signal transduction pathway of NF-κB on tubular cell apoptosis in ischemia-reperfusion induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice.Methods Eighteen C57B/6 mice were randomly (random number) divided into three groups,namely control group,AKI group,and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) group.AKI model of mouse was made by occlusion of bilateral renal pedicles with microvascular clamps for 45 minutes,and intraperitoneal injection of PDTC (50 mg/kg) was given immediately after modeling in mice of PDTC group.Forty-eight hours after modeling,kidney pathological changes,serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were examined,and renal tissue NF-κB,TNFR,Bcl-2 and caspase-3 levels were detected by using immunohistochemistry,and tubular cell apoptosis was observed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay (TUNEL).Results (1) The pathological Pallers score of renal damage,blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels in PDTC group were significantly lower than those in AKI group [(2.83 ± 0.41)vs.(4.50± 0.55),P=0.000; (61.65 ±3.06) mmol/L vs.(77.78 ±5.82)mmol/L,P=0.000and (74.33 ± 9.83) μmol/L vs.(152.00 ± 16.55) μmol/L,P =0.000,respectively].(2) The level of NF-κB in renal tissue homogenates in PDTC group was significantly lower than that in AKI group [(20.33± 2.34) ％ vs.(35.83 ± 3.06) ％,P =0.000].(3) The apoptotic index of renal tubular cells in PDTC group was significantly lower than that in AKI group [(16.67 ± 1.15) ％ vs.(28.00 ±2.01) ％,P =0.001].(4) The levels of caspase-3 and TNFR1 in renal tissue homogenates in PDTC group were significantly lower than those in AKI group [(7.00 ± 1.26) vs.(11.00 ± 1.26),P =0.000 and (5.55 ± 0.82) vs.(9.75 ± 0.76),P =0.000],and Bcl-2 level in PDTC group was significantly higher than that in AKI group [(10.50± 1.38)vs.(1.83 ±0.98),P=0.000].Conclusions NF-κB activates renal tubular cell apoptosis in acute kidney injury induced in mice after ischemia-reperfusion.Blockade of NF-κB signal transduction pathway may lessen the apoptosis of renal tubular cells,leading to renal function less compromised.

Endocardial Cushion Defects ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; abnormalities ; Lung Diseases ; complications ; congenital

Objective With ordinary acupuncture as the control, to observe the feasibility and effectiveness of electroacupuncture at Jiaji (EX-B2) points in treating primary trigeminal neuralgia.Method Forty patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia were randomized into a group of electroacupuncture at Jiaji points and an ordinary acupuncture group, 20 cases in each group. In the electroacupuncture group, Jiaji of C2and T1on the affected side were selected, while the points were selected by following the Acupuncture-moxibustion Therapeuticsin the ordinary acupuncture group. Carbamazepine (CBZ) was taken as the basic treatment for the two groups. A treatment course (3 weeks) was observed, and follow-up study was conducted every 4 weeks for a total of 12 weeks. The dose of CBZ, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) scores at each time point were recorded. The changes of the index in the two groups at each time point were compared.ResultAt the end of the treatment (the third week), the dose of CBZ, VAS and SF-MPQ scores all declined in the two groups, and the between-group differences were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). The follow-up study in the 7th week showed that the data of the observed indexes all decreased in the two groups, while the electroacupuncture group presented a more significant efficacy, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The follow-up studies in the 11th and 15th weeks showed that the data of the observed indexes continued to decline in the electroacupuncture group but began to increase in the ordinary acupuncture group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.001).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at Jiaji points and ordinary acupuncture both can reduce the dose of CBZ for patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia, improve pain and other discomforts as well as the negative emotions, but electroacupuncture at Jiaji can produce a more significant long-term efficacy compared to the ordinary acupuncture.

Anthracosis ; complications ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Methicillin Resistance ; genetics ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; genetics ; Penicillin-Binding Proteins ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; complications ; microbiology ; Sputum ; microbiology

Drug-Eluting Stents ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; Sirolimus ; administration & dosage ; Thrombosis ; etiology

Objective To compare proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels between premenopausal and postmenopausal women,and to investigate the relationship between serum PCSK9 and metabolic factors.Methods Totally 515 women were enrolled from the study on diabetes of prediction,prevention,and intervention in Nanjing in 2009.Survey,physical examinations,and determination of related metabolic indexes were performed.Serum PCSK9 level was measured by sandwich ELISA.Results Serum PCSK9 level was positively correlated with low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride,fasting plasma glucose,body mass index,waist-hip ratio,and age in women (all P＜0.01).PCSK9 level was significantly lower in premenopausal women than that in postmenopausal women [(58.18 ± 25.44 vs 80.91 ± 33.74) ng/ml,P ＜0.01].Conclusion Higher level of PCSK9 exists in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women.The level of PCSK9 is closely correlated with age,TC,and LDL-C.

Objective To explore MRI characteristics of virus encephalitis and its relevance with pathlological changes,and to improve understanding MRI features of virus encephalitis.Methods Seventeen cases of virus encephalitis clinically proven were collected and reviewed.The correlation between MRI findigns and pathology were analyzed.MRI examinations included plain scan and FLAIR scan in all 17 patients,among which 13 underwent contrast-enhanced MR scanning.Results The lesions mainly located at the cerebral cortex gray matter and the cerebrum subcortical gray matter nuclei.16 cases appeared as multiple foci,and 1 case was single focus.The foci had definite margins and with no obvious peripheral edema.The lesions were slightly hypo-or iso-intense on T_1WI,slightly intensity on T_2WI and obvious high signal intensity on FLAIR.After enhanced scan,the lesions were no obvious enhancement in 2 cases,enhancement line in the surfaces of the brain in 15 cases,in which the lesions showed patch enhancement in 6 cases and gyrus-like enhancement in 2 cases.Conclusion The pathological changes of viral encephalitis can be reflexed with MR imaging features,which is of important value in the differential diagnosis of virus encephalitis.

Diabetic cognitive dysfunction,a glucose metabolic disorder,is caused by metabolic,neurochemistrical,morphological,electrical physiological and behavioral changes featuring the disability of reasoning and learning,memory loss,inattention and hypophrenia.In recent years,more attention has been attached to the field of medicine.In this review,a progress of cognitive disorder was systematically explored over the pathogenesis and treatment of both TCM and western medicine,and investigated multi-targets and multiple methods of Chinese herbal researches at multiple stages for expanding the range of clinical application of TCM,enriching and developing the theory of TCM compatibility,and promoting the advantages of TCM syndrome differentiation.