Objective To analyze the health conditions, related factors and development of health services for people with intellectual disability, to provide evidence-based support for the development of health services.Methods The functioning of people with intellectual disability had been analyzed using ICF. Health conditions and related factors for people with intellectual disability had been analyzed using epidemiologic approach.Results The prevalence of intellectual disability is about 1.1％ reported by US and 0.75％ by China. The main health conditions for people with intellectual disability were overweight, obesity, malnutrition, oral problems and digestive diseases. The main functioning included cognitive impairment, autism spectrum disorder, visual or auditory impairment, learning disability, movement limitation, generalized developmental disorder, etc. Secondary disorders caused by intellectual disability worsened the functioning of conceptual skills, social skills and practical skills.People with intellectual disability faced health risks from biological and environmental domains.Conclusion It is important to tailor to the unmet needs and health behaviors of people with intellectual disability. It is proposed to conduct capacity building for health professionals and institutions and improve the health of people with intellectual disability.

Adult ; Aorta, Thoracic ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Heart Arrest, Induced ; Humans ; Male

ObjectiveTo investigate characteristics in vitro and contrast-enhanced effect in vivo with self-made nano-scale ultrasoud-enhanced contrast agent.MethodsNano-lipid microbubbles were prepared by machine vibration and low-speed centrifugation.The surface potential and the microbubbles size were assessed by Zetasizer nano ZS90.The bubbles dispersity and micromorphous were observed under light microscopy and electron microscope.The characteristics of microbubbles were studied at various times at 4℃ environment.The enhancement duration time and intensity of nano-lipid microbubbles in nude mice livers,kidneys and subcutaneous implanted tumors were observed,and compared with micro-scale microbubbles.ResnltsThe mean diameter of nano-lipid microbubbles was (580.6 ± 36.3) nm.The contrast imaging study in vivo showed the nano-lipid microbubbles could significantly enhance ultrasonic imaging in nude mice livers,kidneys and subcutaneous implanted tumors.ConclusionsSelf-made nano-scale ultrasoudenhanced contrast agent showed good stability and contrast-enhancement effect in vitro,and provide a experimental basis for ultrasound imaging and therapeutics of malignant tumors.

Adult ; Encephalocele ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Meningocele ; surgery ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery

AIM: To observe the effect of Xiaoyu Huatan Decoction on the nonalchoholic fatty liver tissue peroxisome preliferator-activated receptor?(PPAR?) expression. METHODS: The nonalchoholic fatty liver disease rat model was fed by high fat forage and the rats were divided into five groups: normal control group,model control group,high-dose of Xiaoyu Huatan Decoction group,low-dose of Xiaoyu Huatan Decoction group,Dongbao Gantai control group.Total RNA of liver was extracted,and the expression of PPAR?mRNA was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR method.We determined the contents of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),free ratty acid(FFA) in serum and the TC,TG in liver tissue homogenate of each group,and the degree of hepatocytic steatosis. RESULTS: Expression of liver tissue PPAR? mRNA in the model group decreased significantly,lipid in blood serum and hepatic tissues increased significantly,liver fat cell greatly denaturalized.After the intervention of medicine,expression of liver tissue PPAR? mRNA of each treatment group increased significantly,lipid in blood serum and hepatic tissues decreased significantly,liver fat cell denaturation was improved. CONCLUSION: Xiaoyu Huatan Decoction can increase the expression of liver tissue PPAR?mRNA of rats,It is likely to be one of the important mechanism for treating fatty liver.

Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is an important pathophysiological basis of diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, central retinal arteriovenous obstruction and some other ischemic retinal diseases. At present, there are several theories about the pathogenesis of RIRI, which included oxidative stress, apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, vascular injury and inflammatory reaction. Aim at the above pathogenesis of RIRI, domestic and foreign scholars have put forward a lot of methods in treating RIRI, including anti-radical damage, anti-glutamic acid excitotoxicity, anti-apoptosis, anti-necrosis, anti-necroptosis, protection of tight junctions, protection of endothelial cells, anti-inflammatory response, etc. Although there are a lot of drug research on RIRI, the timing of drug interventions for RIRI is still unclear. It may achieve twice the result with half the effort to determine the most effective treatment time window, and will also play a vital guiding role in the clinical treatment of ophthalmic related diseases.

To study the effect of pulchinenoside (PULC) on the Frizzled (FZD) expression of adjuvant arthritis ( AA) rats. AA rats were prepared through the toe injection with complete Freund's adjuvant to culture fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). The effect of the oral administration with PULC on the FZD8 expression was detected by the real time qPCR. The effect of FZD8 knockout on the expressions of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 were detected by MTT and ELISA. The role of miR-375 in the abnomal expression of FZD8 was detected by the real time qPCR. The results showed signfiicant decrease in the FZD8 expression among AA rats, FLS proliferation ater FZD8 knockout and IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 expressions and notable increase in miR-375 expression after the oral administration with PULC. The up-regulated miR-375 expression can inhibit the FZD8 expression. PULC may inhibit the FZD8 expression by up-regulating the miR-375 expression.
Animals ; Arthritis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; genetics ; metabolism ; Saponins ; administration & dosage

The effect of low temperature storage on dormancy breaking, sprouting and growth after planting of Tulipa edulis was studied. The results showed that starch content and activity of amylases significantly decreased during 10 weeks of cold storage, soluble protein content raised at first then decreased, and the peak appeared at the 6th week. However, total soluble sugar content which in- creased slowly at first than rose sharply and reducing sugar content increased during the storage duration. The bulbs with cold storage treatment rooted in the 6th week, which was about 2 weeks earlier than room temperature storage, but there were less new roots in the late period of storage. After stored at a low temperature, bud lengths were longer than that with room temperature treatment. Cold storage treatment could promote earlier emergence, shorten germination time, prolong growth period and improve the yield of bulb, but rarely affect the emergence rate. It was not beneficial to flowering and fruiting. The results indicated that 6-8 weeks of cold storage was deemed to be the key period of dormancy breaking preliminary.
Cold Temperature ; Plant Dormancy ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; physiology ; Tulipa ; chemistry ; growth & development ; physiology

The role of pulchinenoside (PULC) in the regulation of MeCP2 expression was investigated in RA model rats. Adjuvant arthritis rats were used as RA model rats, and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from the RA model rats were cultured. The effect of 100 mg x kg(-1) PULC gavage treatment on the MeCP2 expression and the effect of MeCP2 siRNA on the expression of SFRP2 and β-catenin were detected by real time qPCR and Western blotting. The role of PULC in the FLS proliferation was detected by MTT. The results showed that the MeCP2 expression was down-regulated, the SFRP2 expression was up-regulated and the FLS proliferation was inhibited in FLS after therapy. MeCP2 siRNA significantly inhibited the MeCP2 expression, up-regulated the SFRP2 expression and inhibited the β-catenin expression in FLS from RA model rats. PULC may increase the SFRP2 expression, inhibit the Wnt signaling and inhibit the FLS proliferation in FLS from the RA model rats by inhibiting the MeCP2 expression.
Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Synovial Membrane ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; drug effects ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism

Effects of different drying methods including sun drying, steamed, boiled, constant temperature drying (at 40, 50, 60 °C) on appearance, hardness, rehydration ratio, dry rate, moisture, total ash, extractive and polysaccharides contents were studied to provide the basis of standard processing method for Tulipa edulis bulbus. The results showed that the treatments of sun drying and 40 °C drying showed higher rehydration ratios, but lower dry rate, higher hardness, worse color, longer time and obvious distortion and shrinkage in comparison with other drying methods. The treatments of 60 °C constant temperature drying resulted in shorter drying time, lower water and higher polysaccharides content. Drying time is shorter and appearance quality is better in the treatment of steaming and boiling compared with other treatments, but the content of extractive and polysaccharides decreased significantly. The treatments of 50 °C constant temperature drying led to similar appearance quality of bulb to commercial bulb, and it resulted in lowest hardness and highest dry rate as well as higher rehydration ratio, extractive and polysaccharides content, moderate moisture and total ash contents among these treatments. Based on the results obtained, 50 °C constant temperature drying is the better way for the processing of T. edulis bulbus.
Color ; Desiccation ; methods ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Quality Control ; Tulipa ; chemistry ; Water ; analysis