PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among self-efficacy, collective efficacy, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of nurses working in general hospitals. METHODS: Data were collected from 239 nurses working in five general hospitals of a local area by self-reported questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchial multiple regression. RESULTS: Self-efficacy, collective efficacy, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment showed significantly positive correlations. Hierarchial multiple regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was the main factor of affecting job satisfaction, which explained 14.3% of the variance for the nurses' job satisfaction together with collective efficacy and weekly working time. In addition, the primary factor of affecting organization commitment was self-efficacy, which accounted for 17.2% of the variance for the nurses' organizational commitment together with hospital size and shift work. CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy and nursing working condition such as working time or hospital size contributed to the job satisfaction and organizational commitment and collective efficacy contributed to the job satisfaction. Therefore, the strategies for improving self and collective efficacy should be considered. Further study is also needed to investigate the concept of collective efficacy and its' measurement, and the relationship between collective efficacy and organizational commitment.
Health Facility Size ; Hospitals, General ; Job Satisfaction* ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate effect of sensory stimulation on the mother-infant interaction in premature infants. METHOD: The subjects of this study consisted of 36 pairs of premature infants and their mothers from NICU of one university hospital located in Taegu, 18 pairs for intervention group and 18 pairs for control group. The data were collected from May, 1999 to October, 2000. For the intervention group Field's sensory stimulation(tactile and kinesthetic stimulation) was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10:00-11:00 in the morning and 7:00-8:00 in the afternoon by researcher and mother). To determine mother and infant interaction during feeding, tool developed by Kim Mi-Ye(1999) was used. Collected data were analyzed with SAS program using chi-square test and t-test. RESULT: Significant differences were found in mother-infant interaction between two groups(t=-5.38, p=.00). It indicates that sensory stimulation was effective in improving mother-infant interaction. In the aspects of the quality of mother-infant interaction, sensory stimulation was most effective in improving sensitivity to mother and infant's synchronic behaviors(t=-5.43. p=.00) and followed by growth fostering(t=-5.07, p=.00), sensitivity to infant's cues(t=-4.53, p=.00), clarity of infant's cues(t=-3.03, p=.00) and responsiveness to the mother's behaviors(t=-2.14, p= 0.04). CONCLUSION: Based on the result of this study, it is suggested that maternally administered sensory stimulation should be applied clinical practice to improve interaction of premature infants and their mothers.
Daegu ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Mother-Child Relations* ; Mothers ; Child Health

For the clinical analysis and evaluation on the patients with gestational trophoblastic disease(GTD), a study was done retrospectively on 114 patients with GTD(60 in Hydatidiform mole, 10 in invasive mole, 44 in choriocarcinoma) treated from Jan. 1, 1985 to Dec. 31, 1994 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kosin Medical College, Pusan, Korea. We obtained the following results ; The incidence of GTD was 1 per 73 deliveries in H. mole, 1 per 437 deliveries in invasive mole, and 1 per 99 deliveries in choriocarcinoma. The most prevalent age was 21-40 groups. Abnormal vaginal bleeding was a main symptom and sign. 30.6% of H. mole was managed by dilatation and curettage. 90.0% of invasive mole and 51.4% of choriocarcinoma were managed by surgical treatment and chemotherapy. The overall remissinon rate of choriocarcinoma was 71.4%(100.0% in stage I, 66.7% in stage II, 54.5% in stage III, 50.0% in stage IV).
Busan ; Choriocarcinoma ; Dilatation and Curettage ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Gestational Trophoblastic Disease* ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive ; Incidence ; Korea ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Trophoblasts ; Uterine Hemorrhage

To evaluate the effectiveness of conization in the diagnosis of cervical cancer, the histopathologic finding of 464 consecutive cases were analized with respect to the cytology, punch biopsy and hysterectomy. Cold knife conization was performed under direct visualization(naked eye conization) from January, 1987 to Octorber 1994 at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kosin Medical Center. The results were summerized as follows : 1. The rate of agreement and underdiagnosis of between pap smear and naked eye conization were 43.7% and 47%. 2. The rate of agreement and underdiagnosis of between punch biopsy and naked eye conization were 64.5% and 21.8% 3. Subsequent hysterectomy was done on the 382 case and their incidence of residual disease rate was 44.2%(169 cases). Their incidence of residual lesion was increased with severity of the carcinomatous change. 4. The rate of complication undergoing conization was 8.4%(39 cases).
Biopsy ; Conization* ; Diagnosis ; Gynecology ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Obstetrics ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the effects of breast-feeding education and support services on rate of breast-feeding three and six months after birth, and the effect on infant's growth (weight, height, body mass index [BMI]). The experimental group which had both education and support services was compared with the control group which had only breast-feeding education. METHODS: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a time-series design. The participants were 39 mothers who were hospitalized for childbirth. Twenty mother were assigned to the experimental group and 19 mothers, to the control group. The breast feeding education was done during hospitalization, and support services were provided once a week after discharge for a month (a total 4 times) by a maternity ward nurse. Data regarding breastfeeding rate at one month after childbirth was collected by phone call; the breast-feeding rates at three and six months after childbirth were collected in a visit to the families. The child's weight and height were also measured during the visit. RESULTS: The experimental group had a statistically significant higher rate for frequency of breast-feeding at one, three and six months after childbirth than the control group. However, there was no meaningful difference between the two groups for infant growth. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that breast-feeding education is helpful for a start, but support services are also necessary to sustain breast-feeding.
Adult ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; *Breast Feeding/epidemiology ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mothers/*psychology ; *Patient Education as Topic ; *Social Support ; Weight Gain

No abstract available.
Tissue Expansion Devices*

Rupture of an innominate artery caused by blunt chest trauma is extremely rare because this artery is short and relatively well protected by the bony cage. This report describes a 37-year-old male who sustained a blunt chest injury that resulted in an innominate artery rupture, detected by chest CT and thoracic aortography. The patient underwent an urgent operation through median sternotomy. A 3 by 3 cm sized pseudoaneurysm of proximal innominate artery was found with a complete intimal tear. After the origin of the innominate artery was closed, the injured segment of artery was excised and an aorto-innominate artery bypass with a 10 mm Gore-tex graft was performed without use of a shunt. The patient was discharged 20 days later without neurologic complications and had equal blood pressure in both arms.
Adult ; Aneurysm, False ; Aortography ; Arm ; Arteries ; Blood Pressure ; Brachiocephalic Trunk* ; Humans ; Male ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Rupture* ; Sternotomy ; Thoracic Injuries ; Thorax* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transplants

Automated static perimeters, which are commonly used for early diagnosis and follow-up of glaucoma patients in Korea, are manufactured overseas, and their basic data were obtained from foreigners and normal values were set to meet them. Therefore, verification of validity of those data should precede their application to Koreans. We compared the mean normal values of standard indices of OCTOPUS 101 automated static perimeter with the values obtained from 140 eyes of 70 healthy Koreans using normal strategy(NS)and dynamic strategy(DS). Mean navlues of mean defect(MD), loss variance(LV), corrected loss variance(CLV), and short-term fluctuation(SF)were: 2.84+/-0.85dB, 2.15+/-0.54dB, 1.22+/-0.42dB, 1.43+/-0.22dBwith NS, and 2.05+/-0.81dB, 1.98 +/-0.58dB, 0.97+/-0.49dB, 1.43+/-0.24dB, repectively with DS. With NS, 114 of 140 eyes (81. 4%)were out of the normal range of MD. With DS, 67 of 140 eyes(47. 9%)were out of normal range of MD, and 2 of 140 eyes(1. 4%)were out of the normal range of SF. Values of the other indices were within normal range of both strategies. Statistical analysis of global indices showed that age was significantly correlated with LV, CLV and SF in NS(P<0.05), and that it was also correlated with LV and CLV in DS(P<0.05). These results suggest that both race and age should be taken into acoount in interpretation of visual fields on automated static perimetry.
Continental Population Groups ; Early Diagnosis ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Korea ; Octopodiformes* ; Reference Values ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields*

Plasma col1 leukemia with motility-related morphological behavior is rarely studied. The plasma cells have variable degrees of cytoplasmic morphologies as dairy Projections, long extensions and pseudopods. These morphological evidences show the papa bility of wide spread and dissemination of disease itself. We present a case of a 38 year old woman who had back pain for 4 months and was diagnosed as a solitary plasmacytoma of the third lumbar vertebra. In spite of resection of the tumor and chemotherapy, the plasmacytoma was disseminated into both breasts and ovaries within less than a year. On her blood examination, we counted 34% of plasma cells in peripheral blood and 91.6% of plasma cells in bone marrow aspiration. Most of them resealed hairy projections and pseudopods of the cytoplasm.
Adult ; Back Pain ; Bone Marrow ; Breast ; Cytoplasm ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Plasma Cell* ; Ovary ; Plasma Cells* ; Plasma* ; Plasmacytoma ; Spine

We analyzed the factors of importance for nonunion in series of 91 open fractures of tibial diaphysis which were treated with external fixation. Factors analyzed included, age and sex of the patients, the mechanism of injury, the amount of soft tissue damage, the grade of comminution, the level at which the tibia was fractured, the presence of an intact fibula, the presence of the multiple injuries, the type of the external fixation used(AO external fixator, EXTOR; monotube external fixator, Ilizarov), and the need to supplement the stability of the reduction. We found that the amount of soft tissue damage and comminution of the fracture played a role in the development of the nonunion.
Diaphyses ; External Fixators ; Fibula ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Multiple Trauma ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures*