The first myelography with air was carried out by Walter Dandy in 1919, and the myelography with positive contrast medium was done by Sicard and Forestier in 1922. Since Pantopaque was adopted as a contrast material by University of Rochester group in 1944, it has been rapidly popularized. Although higher diagnostic accuracy has been made with a development of the diagnostic aids such as electromyography, discography, epidural venography and computerized tomography, myelography has been popularized in our country with electromyography. The authars have seen and studied 107 cases of herniated lumbar disc with respect to the diagnostic accuracy of myelographic examination from January, 1976 to December, 1981 at the department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine. The results were as follows: l. Of the 107 cases, 59 were found in the age of 20 to 40 years and the ratio of male and female was 2:l. 2. Fifty eight cases (54.2%) had no history of back injury, but 40 cases (37.4%) had sprain of the back and 9 cases had direct trauma history. 3. In all cases, plain X-ray and myelogram were taken. Among them 55 cases showed narrowing of intervertebral space in plain film, and 100 cases showed positive myelographic findings such as lateral indentation of dural sac (41 cases), hour-glass defect (30 cases), root sleeve defect (12 cases), block defect (10 cases) and combined defects (7 cases). 4. Sixty one cases which confirmed by operation, the most frequent level of disc herniation was in L4-5 space. Clinical diagnosis was correct in 57.4%, and myelographic accuracy was coincided with operative finding in 80.3%. 5. Twelve (19.7%) of the 61 cases showed discrepancy between myelographic and operative findings, and these 12 cases consisted of 5 cases of level discrepancy, 3 cases of false positive and 4 cases of false negative.
Back Injuries ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Iophendylate ; Male ; Myelography ; Orthopedics ; Phlebography ; Sprains and Strains

No abstract available.

Plasma col1 leukemia with motility-related morphological behavior is rarely studied. The plasma cells have variable degrees of cytoplasmic morphologies as dairy Projections, long extensions and pseudopods. These morphological evidences show the papa bility of wide spread and dissemination of disease itself. We present a case of a 38 year old woman who had back pain for 4 months and was diagnosed as a solitary plasmacytoma of the third lumbar vertebra. In spite of resection of the tumor and chemotherapy, the plasmacytoma was disseminated into both breasts and ovaries within less than a year. On her blood examination, we counted 34% of plasma cells in peripheral blood and 91.6% of plasma cells in bone marrow aspiration. Most of them resealed hairy projections and pseudopods of the cytoplasm.
Adult ; Back Pain ; Bone Marrow ; Breast ; Cytoplasm ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Plasma Cell* ; Ovary ; Plasma Cells* ; Plasma* ; Plasmacytoma ; Spine

No abstract available.
Rehabilitation*

In 1960 Jacobson and Suarez introduced the operating microscope to vascular surgery and demonstrated the superiority of small vessel repair using magnification. The first clinical replantation of an arm in the western world was performed by Malt in 1962, and Komatsu and Tamai reported the successful replantation of a completely amputated thumb in 1965. To perform a digit or hand replantation, microsurgical anastomosis of blood vessels is absolutely essential to revascularize the severed part. Without accurate repair of bone, nerves and tendons in addition to vascular anastomosis, however, it is impossible to gain functional success when replanting a digit or hand. This is a difficult task because all structures must be reconstructed at the same level and time. Even if the repair of some structures has been postponed, the secondary reconstruction may also be troublesome due to circular scarring at the replantation level. Since replantation surgery has been popularized throughout the world in recent years, the replantation sucess rate has increased and the surgeons interest in functional reconstruction of replanted digits or hands has been stimulated. The authors have seen and studied 6 cases of upper Jimb and 20 cases of finger replantation from May, 1980 through January, 1982 at the department of orthopedic surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine. The results were as follows: I. The average age was 20 years and the male to female sex ratio was 4.5:1. 2, The causes of injury are detailed as follows: electric saw(6); cutting machine(5); roller(4}; presser(2); stone(2); others(3). 3. The level of amputation in 26 replantations was as follows: thumb, 3 cases; index finger, 4 cases; middle finger, 9 cases; ring finger, 4 cases; palm, I case, wrist, 3 cases; forearm, 1 case; upper arm, 1 case. 4. The maximum ischemic times for successtul results were 16 hours in limb replantation and 22 hours in finger replantation. 5. Six limbs, with four complete and two incomplete amputations, have been replanted and all six limbs survived: Twenty digits, with nine complete and eleven incomplete amputations, have also been replanted and 6.5 cases of nine complete amputations and 10 cases ot eleven incomplete amputations survived. A total of 22.5 cases(86.5%) of replanted limbs and digits survived. 6. The results of joint motion, two point discrimination, sensory recovery and status of sweating due to recovery ot sympathetic nervous function following replantation were satisfactory. 7. In the early stage of our series, postoperative systemic heparinization was used in some cases, but recently we have achieved good recults without it. 8. Main causes of reattachment failure were tissue crushing and secondary thrombosis of the anstomosed vessels.
Amputation ; Arm ; Blood Vessels ; Cicatrix ; Clinical Study ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Extremities ; Female ; Fingers ; Forearm ; Hand ; Heparin ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Replantation ; Sex Ratio ; Surgeons ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Tendons ; Thrombosis ; Thumb ; Western World ; Wrist

The term “non-ossifying fibroma of bone” was introduced by Jaffe and Lichenstein in 1942 to describe a distinctive benign lesion occuring near the ends of the long bones in young people, and the lesion was subsequently described by Hatcher as a developmental defect rather than a true tumor. This lesion was presented as a clear-cut entity on the basis of pathological, clinical and roentgenographic manifestations. The diagnosis of non-ossifying fibroma was made by the histopathological findings of the curetted tissues. The authors have seen and studied 5 cases of non-ossifying fibroma from February 1976 to September 1981. The average duration of follow up was 2.2 years, with a range from 0.8 to 5 years, and the results of treatment were as follows: l. Of the five cases, two were associated with pathologic fractures. 2. The sites of the lesions in all cases were the long bones in the lower extremity. 3 In all cases, the complaints were of only a few days or weeks duration before admission to the hospital, and no cases were discovered incidentally by roentgenographic examination. 4. Good results were obtained by treatment with curettage and bone graft.
Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Fibroma ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Lower Extremity ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Osteoporosis* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in patients with a renal cell carcinoma who were ineligible to undergo a nephrectomy due to their poor performance status and advanced stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 42 patients ineligible for a nephrectomy due to their poor performance status and advanced stage. The patients were classified into three groups; 13 patients with TAE for poor performance status (group A-1), 15 patients with TAE for advanced stage (group A-2) and 14 patients without TAE (group B). Group A-1 was composed of patients with a low stage and poor performance status, but there were no significant differences in the clinical factors between groups A-2 and B. RESULTS: After TAE the tumor size became smaller in 19 cases, with the other 9 cases showing no response. TAE was more effective in group A-1 than A-2. The mean survivals of the three groups were 22 (A-1), 12.3 (A-2) and 4.8 months (B). In the A groups, 19 of the 28 patients were still alive, with a prolonged mean survival, which might due to the composition of group A-1, but group A-2 had a better mean survival than group B (p<0.001). Based on the above outcomes, those who underwent TAE had significantly better prognoses than those who did not. The adverse effects in the patients that underwent TAE included fever, back pain on the affected side, nausea and vomiting, but all the patients recovered from these adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: TAE, with Ivalon, is a safe and effective treatment for the patients who are unable to undergo nephrectomy due to their poor performance status and advanced stage. TAE not only induces ablasion of the primary tumor, but also prolongs the survival.
Back Pain ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Fever ; Humans ; Nausea ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrectomy ; Prognosis ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: To report on the pupillary block that rarely occurs after phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS: A series of four eyes in four diabetic patients treated for pupillary block after uneventful phacoemulsification with posterior chamber IOL is described. RESULTS: The interval between pupillary block development and the cataract surgery ranged from 1 week to 19 weeks. In all eyes, neodymium-YAG laser peripheral iridotomy relieved the block (-one procedure in three patients; and two procedures in one-). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the rarity of the complication of pupillary block after phacoemulsification with posterior chamber IOL, physicians should require closer follow-up is necessary, especially in diabetic patients.
Adult* ; Cataract ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Phacoemulsification*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcaneus* ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Rats* ; Tenotomy*