No abstract available.
Transplants*

No abstract available.
Chylothorax*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Clomipramine* ; Preoptic Area* ; Rats* ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors* ; Serotonin*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Flowmeters* ; Magnets* ; Male ; Models, Animal* ; Penile Erection* ; Rats*

BACKGROUND: The erythromycin-resistance rate and phenotype distribution of Streptococcus propenes are quite different by geographical variation and study period. The aim of the present study was to determine the evolution of resistance to erythromycin and the frequency of erythromycin resistance phenotype of S. pyogenes isolated from Wonju Christian Hospital. METHODS: The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of erythromycin and clindamycin for 94 S. pyogenes isolated from clinical specimens between 1990 to 1998 were investigated. Double disk test of erythromycin (78microgram) and clindamycin (25microgram) were performed for 15 isolates of erythromycin resistant S. pyogenes to evaluate the erythromycin resistance phenotype. RESULTS: The resistance rates of 94 isolates of S. pyogenes were 16%(15/94) to erythromycin and 4%(4/94) to clindamycin. The frequency of erythromycin resistance phenotype in decreasing order were M phenotype (47%), inducible resistance phenotype (40%), and constitutive resistance phenotype (13%). Erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes did not exist until 1993, but was isolated since 1994, and ranged from 14.0% to 24.0% during the period of 1994-1998. CONCLUSIONS: Our finding documents the emergence of high resistance rates to erythromycin in S. pyogenes at Wonju area since 1994. The M phenotype (47%) and inducible resistance phenotype (40%) account for the majority of erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes.
Clindamycin ; Erythromycin* ; Gangwon-do ; Phenotype* ; Streptococcus pyogenes* ; Streptococcus*

STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective study analyzing 73 patients treated by decompression, pedicular screw instrumentation and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for lumbosacral spondylolithesis and symptomatic spinal stenosis. we used laminected laminar and spinous process instead of iliac bone. OBJECTIVES: This is to evaluate fusion rate and clinical results of PLIF with laminected laminar and spinous process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PLIF in 73 patients with lumbosacral disorders who carried out at Pohang St. Mary's Hospital from March 1994 to January 1996. Fusion rate was evaluated by simple X-ray and dynamic view. Clinical effect was evaluated by Kirkaldy-Willis criteria. RESULTS: The solid fusion was achieved at 67 cases(91.8%) and the average period of fusion was 6.4 months. Complications were 2 cases of superficial skin infection and 3 cases of root irritation. The functional results by Kirkaldy-Willis were as follows ; excellent 40 cases, good 23 cases, fair 9 cases and poor 1 case. CONCLUSIONS: This PLIF procedure combined with transpedicular instrumentation showed sufficient fusion rate and excellent clinical results and improvement in vertebral alignment.
Decompression ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Spinal Stenosis

The purpose of this study is to know the present situation of head louse infestation among the students in Yongyang-gun, Kyongsangbuk-to From May 11 to June 20, 1984, a total of 5,937 students in 23 primary and 3 middle schools were examined to identify the adult worms of head louse and/or their nits on the hair. The results are as follows: The overall infestation rate was 44.5 percent and the rates ranged from 19.6 percent to 88.6 percent by each school. In primary schools, the rate was 53.0 percent and in middle schools, 27.1 percent. The school boys' rate was 33.2 percent and the school girls' 55.6 percent, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The rates were different by grades in middle schools. The rates were different by areas (Myons) (p<0.001). The adult worms collected from the students were Pediculus humanus var. capitis.
parasitology ; arthropod ; head louse ; Pediculus humanus capitis ; epidemiology

An epidemiological study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection among the primary (and infant) school children in Yongyang-gun, Kyongsangbuk-do. During the period from 2 to 14 December 1983, a total of 2,227 school children in 13 schools were examined one time by means of scotch-tape anal swab technique with a simple questionaire study on perianal itching, enuresis and school record. The results are as follows:The overall egg positive rate was 64.1 percent and the rate ranged from 46.6 to 86.7 percent by schools. The egg positive rates of boys and girls were 60.5 and 68.0 percent respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.005). There was noted a tendency of decrease in prevalence by increase of the age of children. It was revealed that perianal itching and school record were significantly correlated with E. vermicularis infection (p<0.05) while not in case of enuresis (p>0. l).
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Enterobius vermicularis ; epidemiology ; enuresis ; perianal itching

Although myocardial bridge is not thought to have any hemodynamic significance in most cases, some have suggested that when it produces severe systolic narrowing, ischemia or infarction may result. Myocardial bridge in adults with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may be associated with a higher incidence of sudden death, myocardial wall-motion abnormalities, and perfusion defects on thallium-201 scintigraphy. When myocardial bridge is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, it is known to affect longer segment and cause more severe compression during systole. We report a case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with myocardial bridge at the middle part of the left anterior descending coronary artery, who also showed reversible perfusion defect on the thallium scan at the same coronary territory.
Adult ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Perfusion ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Systole ; Thallium

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the design characteristics of studies that evaluated the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for the diagnostic analysis of medical images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched to identify original research articles published between January 1, 2018 and August 17, 2018 that investigated the performance of AI algorithms that analyze medical images to provide diagnostic decisions. Eligible articles were evaluated to determine 1) whether the study used external validation rather than internal validation, and in case of external validation, whether the data for validation were collected, 2) with diagnostic cohort design instead of diagnostic case-control design, 3) from multiple institutions, and 4) in a prospective manner. These are fundamental methodologic features recommended for clinical validation of AI performance in real-world practice. The studies that fulfilled the above criteria were identified. We classified the publishing journals into medical vs. non-medical journal groups. Then, the results were compared between medical and non-medical journals. RESULTS: Of 516 eligible published studies, only 6% (31 studies) performed external validation. None of the 31 studies adopted all three design features: diagnostic cohort design, the inclusion of multiple institutions, and prospective data collection for external validation. No significant difference was found between medical and non-medical journals. CONCLUSION: Nearly all of the studies published in the study period that evaluated the performance of AI algorithms for diagnostic analysis of medical images were designed as proof-of-concept technical feasibility studies and did not have the design features that are recommended for robust validation of the real-world clinical performance of AI algorithms.
Artificial Intelligence ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Data Collection ; Feasibility Studies ; Machine Learning ; Prospective Studies