Hemifacial microsomia is a common congenital craniofacial deformity involving bone and soft-tissue. Mandibular hypoplasia is the most obvious skeletal manifestation of hemifacial microsomia. In the past, complete realignment of the skeleton was preferred to soft-tissue correction, which was clearly second choice. However, in this study, simultaneous correction of bone and soft tissue deformities were equally important in treatment of hemifacial microsomia. One-stage and simultaneous bone and soft tissue reconstruction is possible and staged operations of the skeleton and soft tissue are no longer necessary, except in special cases. Even in children and adolescents, good results and normal growth potential can be achieved with simultaneous correction of bone and soft tissue.
Adolescent ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Goldenhar Syndrome ; Humans ; Skeleton

This is to report a clinical observation on 81 cases of genito-urinary tract injuries treated at the urology service. Capital Army Hospital, during the period from January, 1960 to July, 1963. Of 81 Cases which stood for 0.82% of all genito-urinary out patients, 58 cases (or 71.6%) occurred in the urethra, the most common site of involvement, and 6 cases (or 7.2%) showed multiple injuries. Age ranged between 21 and 10 years with the highest incidence of 58.4% in the ages between 21-25 years. In lateralyzation of injury while the kidney showed nosignificant difference the ureter was more frequently involved in the left than in the right with a ratio of 4:1. Traffic accident was listed as high as 56.9% to be most frequent cause of injury and contusion, fall, gun-shot and explosion were listed less frequently. Of associated major injuries, pelvic fracture was seen in 20 cases (33.9%) and all the urethral injuries were accompanied with injuries to gastro-intestinal tract. Of all cases herein reported, 62.3% of cases were treated surgically and the remaining 37.7%. non-surgically. Surgical intervention was necessary in 33.3% of kidney injury, 100% of ureteral injury, 67.8% of urethral injuries and 40% of genital injuries. Average hospitalization required 20.2 days for renal injury and 67.2 days for urethral injury.
Accidents, Traffic ; Contusions ; Explosions ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, Military ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Multiple Trauma ; Outpatients ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urology

Vanadate is a trace element in animal tissues and has been known to inhibit NA(+)-K(+) ATPase in various tissues including skeletal and cardiac muscles and smooth muscles. Vanadate shows contractile actions on various types of smooth muscles. Prolonged dietary administration of vanadate has been shown to cause arterial hypertension, increased peripheral resistance, and a marked reduction of coronary, visceral and renal blood flow.In isolated vascular smooth muscle of aorta, application of vanadate caused contraction. These studies have been conducted the preparation of vascular smooth muscles from which endothelial cell were removed. It has been reported that endothelial cell releases relaxing factor(s) (endothelium-derived relaxing factor, EDRF) in response to acetylcholine and a number of other stimuli and also produces vasoconstrictor substances (endothelium-derived contracting factor, EDCF). The aim of this present experiment is to elucidate whether vascular response of isolated rabbit aorta induced by vanadate are endothelium dependent or not. The result obtained were summarized as follows ; 1) When endothelium was intact, vanadate induced vascular relaxation of aorta precontracted with norepinephrine. But K+ induced contraction was augmented by vanadate in the aorta with or without endothelium. Whereas relaxation produced by vanadate precontracted with angiotensin II was endothelium-independent. 2) Hemoglobin, methylene blue, hydroquinone, and verapamil inhibited vanadate-induced vascular relaxation. But indomethacin and quinacrine had no effect on vanadate induced vascular relaxation. From the above results, it is speculated the vanadate act on endothelium, modifies the synthesis or release of endothelium-dependent relaxing factor and thus changes the contractile responses to norepinephrine in rabbit aorta.
Acetylcholine ; Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Angiotensin II ; Animals ; Aorta ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; Hypertension ; Indomethacin ; Methylene Blue ; Muscle, Smooth ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular* ; Myocardium ; Norepinephrine ; Quinacrine ; Relaxation ; Vanadates* ; Vascular Resistance ; Verapamil

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe how the rural elderly cope with experiences in multiple chronic diseases. METHOD: Data were collected through participant observation and in-depth interview using ethnography. The participants were 9 women and 2 men who aged over 65, were living in rural community, and had experienced two or more chronic diseases. RESULTS: According to the results of this study, those who had experienced multiple chronic diseases went through the stages of 'recognizing of revealed symptoms', 'discovering of disease', 'overcoming', 'neglecting', 'discovering another disease', 'being frustrated' and 'living with suffering'. CONCLUSION: The results of this study are expected to be utilized as basic materials to develop a nursing intervention program for effective management of chronic diseases.
Aged* ; Anthropology, Cultural ; Chronic Disease* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nursing ; Rural Population

Fractures of the acetabulum are relatively uncommon, but because they involve a major weight bearing joint in the low extremity, they assume great clincal importance. The principle of management for this fracture is as for any other displaced intra-articular fracture, nsmely that anstomical reduction is essential for good long term function of the obtained by closed means, but more often, open reduction followed stable internsl fixation allowing early active or passive motion will be required. In the past, the achievement of this ideal, that is anatomical reduction, has been difficult because technical problems such as those caused by complicated anatomy, difficulty with surgical exposure, severe comminution in many cases, and major associated injuries. We classified the acetabular fractures of 71 patients with 72 hips from 1980 to 1987 and clinical analysis was performed on 51 hips allowing the possible follow-up evaluation beyond the 12 months. Following results were obtained. 1. The most common associated injury was the pelvic bone fracture(25.5%). 2. The most common types of fracture on each classification were posterior wall fracture in Letournel(37.5%), posterior acetabular fracture in Rowe & Lowell(42.3%), central fracture- dislocation without involving of weight bearing dome of acetabulum in Carnesale(23.9%). 3. According to calssification method, the interpretation for characteristics of fracture type and frequency of acetabular fracture was very different each other. 4. The Leournels classification was relatively simple and could contain with many types of fracture and was helpful to determine the index of treatment. 5. The prognosis of linear undisplaced fracture and posterior fracture was better than acetabular medial, superior and bursting fracture in both conservative and operative treatment. 6. The posterior wall fracture with widely displaced fracture or joint instability, acetabular dome fracture, intraarticular fragment was absolute indication for operative treatment. 7. The treatment result and prognosis was influenced to the accurate classification of fracture type, anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation.
Acetabulum ; Classification ; Dislocations ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Joint Instability ; Joints ; Methods ; Pelvic Bones ; Prognosis ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Fascioliasis* ; Humans*

Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor of smooth muscle, that rarely occurs in the orbit. It has previously been reported mainly in older persons and is characterized by frequent local recurrences and metastatic lesions. The authors report a case of orbital leiomyosarcoma in a 29 year old male that we believe was fully excised.
Adult ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Orbit* ; Recurrence

Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning has increased rapidly in South Korea and may cause a variety of clinical effects. The most common complications are neurologic and neuropsychological disturbances. However, in rare cases, CO poisoning may also be associated with acute kidney injury and non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis. Here, we report a case of acute kidney injury and rhabdomyolysis complicating CO poisoning. A 32-year-old woman was admitted to our emergency department with dyspnea and confused consciousness after exposure to CO during a suicide attempt involving charcoal briquettes. Laboratory findings revealed a carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level of 44.8%, a blood urea nitrogen level of 20.5 mg/dL, a serum creatinine level of 1.4 mg/dL, and a creatine phosphokinase level of 8,688.3 IU/L. Acute kidney injury and rhabdomyolysis complicating CO poisoning were diagnosed. This case was managed with normobaric oxygen therapy and hydration. The patient recovered completely with respect to renal function and muscle enzyme level, and COHb level returned to 0%.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Adult ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning* ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Carboxyhemoglobin ; Charcoal ; Consciousness ; Creatine Kinase ; Creatinine ; Dyspnea ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Oxygen ; Poisoning ; Rhabdomyolysis* ; Suicide

We correct the revised date of this article.

The purpose of this study is to introduce a new method to reduce the donor morbidity of radial forearm free flap using ulnar forearm flap, and to evaluate its usefulness and results. 6 patients underwent radial forearm free flap designed by authors and we repaired radial forearm flap donor defect using ulnar forearm flap following ablative surgery for oropharyngeal cancers from June 1995 to February 1997. Radial forearm flap was designed just proximal to wrist crease, and its vascular pedicle was placed in the center of flap. Donor defect was repaired with V-Y fashion closure using ulnar artery axial pattern fasciocutaneous flap. Mean closing time of donor site was 30 minutes. and mean healing period of donor site was 10 days. There was no difficulty in closure. All donor sites healed completely without complication. Limitation of motion was not noticed in the wrist and forearm. We conclude that repair of radial forearm flap donor defect using ulnar forearm flap is new excellent method to prevent the prominent scar of forearm in cases of conventional skin graft for donor defect, and provide rapid healing of wound with low risk of complication
Cicatrix ; Forearm* ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Humans ; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms ; Skin ; Tissue Donors* ; Transplants ; Ulnar Artery ; Wounds and Injuries ; Wrist