No abstract available.
Vesicovaginal Fistula*

Triple antiplatelet therapy has been known to be superior to the conventional dual regimen for preventing stent thrombosis after coronary stenting, and the addition of oral anticoagulation to antiplatelet therapy is also considered an option. However, the risks and benefits of a triple antiplatelet regimen plus additional oral anticoagulation must be taken into account. Here, we report a case of fatal renal bleeding in a patient treated with triple antiplatelet plus oral anticoagulant therapy for the prevention of recurrent stent thrombosis.
Coronary Thrombosis ; Drug Combinations ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Stents ; Thrombosis

To determine the status of Enterobius vermicularis infection among children living on western and southern coastal islands of the Republic of Korea, children (3-10 years) in 39 kindergartens and primary schools were examined using the cello-tape anal swab method, during July and August 2000. Of 1, 661 children examined, 307 (18.5%) were found to be positive for E. vermicularis eggs. The highest infection rate (59.3%) was found in a kindergarten and a branch school of Shinyang primary school on Chujado, Jeju-do (Province). Remarkable differences in egg positive rates were observed in different localities. The egg positive rate for boys (21.3%) was significantly higher than that of girls (15.4%) (P = 0.02). However, positive rates were not significantly dependent on age. The results of the present study show that E. vermicularis infection is highly prevalent among pre-school and primary school children living on the western and southern coastal islands of the Republic of Korea, and indicate the need for efforts to control this infection.
Prevalence ; Parasite Egg Count ; Male ; Korea/epidemiology ; Humans ; Geography ; Female ; Feces/parasitology ; Enterobius/*isolation & purification ; Enterobiasis/*epidemiology/parasitology ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Animals

Most colonic multiple mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are confirmed with a histologic and immunohistochemical staining of the mucosal biopsy specimen obtained during colonoscopic examinations. Endoscopically, colonic MALT lymphomas frequently appear as protruding and/or ulcerative lesions, and there are not so many reports of colonic MALT lymphoma as compared to the frequent reports of MALT lymphoma of stomach. We report a unique case of colonic MALT lymphoma presenting as a simple reddish discoloration of mucosa; this presentation has never been describe before. Our patient was a 47-yr-old male who suffered from tenesmus and mucoid stool. A colonoscopy was accomplished, followed by a histologic examination and we diagnosed a colonic MALT lymphoma. Staging of the disease was done because this was necessary for choosing the modality of treatments. The patient was then treated with polychemotherapy in conjunction with radiation therapy.
Colonic Neoplasms/*pathology ; Colonoscopy ; Color ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/*pathology ; Lymphoma, Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) for spiral tibia shaft fracture by analyzing associated distal tibia intra-articular fractures diagnosed by CT only which met the indication of surgical fixation and were fixed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-five spiral tibia shaft fractures with preoperative ankle plain radiographs and CT were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence and type of associated distal tibia articular fractures were evaluated by reviewing ankle plain radiography and CT. The number of fractures diagnosed by CT that correspond with the indication of fixation and that were actually fixed were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 95 spiral tibia shaft fractures, 62 cases (65.3%) were associated with distal tibia intra-articular fracture. There were 37 cases of posterior malleolar fracture, 5 cases of avulsion fracture of the distal anterior tibiofibular ligament, 5 cases of medial malleolar fracture, and 15 cases of complex fracture. Among 52 posterior malleolar fractures including complex fracture, 20 cases were diagnosed by ankle plain radiograph. Of these 20 cases, 16 posterior malleolar fractures (80.0%) met the indication of surgical fixation, and 14 cases were actually fixed with a screw. Among 32 posterior malleolar fractures diagnosed by CT only, 26 cases (81.3%) met the indication of surgical fixation and 18 cases (56.3%) were fixed by screw. CONCLUSION: Approximately 50% of associated fractures were diagnosed by CT only and more than 80% of associated posterior malleolar fractures met the indication of surgical fixation and among these fractures, 18 cases (56.3%) were actually fixed by screw. This result suggests that CT is useful in diagnosis and treatment of distal tibia intra-articular fracture associated with spiral tibia shaft fracture.
Ankle ; Ankle Fractures ; Diagnosis ; Incidence ; Intra-Articular Fractures* ; Ligaments ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia*

The application area of biportal endoscopic spine surgery (BESS) is gradually expanding. Compared with conventional fusion surgery, transforaminal interbody fusion (TLIF) using BESS (BESS-TLIF) has the advantages of less bleeding, minimal postoperative pain, and faster recovery. This technical note highlights its application in managing complex conditions such as scar tissue adhesion, altered anatomy, and implant removal, common in reoperations. The method focuses on precise dissection, endoscopic visualization, and careful tissue handling to ensure effective decompression and stabilization. Three representative cases, including reoperations for recurrent disc herniation, adjacent segment disease (ASD) following prior fusion, and ASD with nonunion of the prior fusion site requiring fusion extension, were described. All three cases exhibited clinical improvement following surgery. BESS is an effective and safe method for spinal revision surgery not only in simple decompression surgery but also in cases that required fusion surgery. As BESS is advancing, its role in complex spinal surgeries is expected to expand, potentially setting new standards in minimally invasive spine surgery.

The application area of biportal endoscopic spine surgery (BESS) is gradually expanding. Compared with conventional fusion surgery, transforaminal interbody fusion (TLIF) using BESS (BESS-TLIF) has the advantages of less bleeding, minimal postoperative pain, and faster recovery. This technical note highlights its application in managing complex conditions such as scar tissue adhesion, altered anatomy, and implant removal, common in reoperations. The method focuses on precise dissection, endoscopic visualization, and careful tissue handling to ensure effective decompression and stabilization. Three representative cases, including reoperations for recurrent disc herniation, adjacent segment disease (ASD) following prior fusion, and ASD with nonunion of the prior fusion site requiring fusion extension, were described. All three cases exhibited clinical improvement following surgery. BESS is an effective and safe method for spinal revision surgery not only in simple decompression surgery but also in cases that required fusion surgery. As BESS is advancing, its role in complex spinal surgeries is expected to expand, potentially setting new standards in minimally invasive spine surgery.

The application area of biportal endoscopic spine surgery (BESS) is gradually expanding. Compared with conventional fusion surgery, transforaminal interbody fusion (TLIF) using BESS (BESS-TLIF) has the advantages of less bleeding, minimal postoperative pain, and faster recovery. This technical note highlights its application in managing complex conditions such as scar tissue adhesion, altered anatomy, and implant removal, common in reoperations. The method focuses on precise dissection, endoscopic visualization, and careful tissue handling to ensure effective decompression and stabilization. Three representative cases, including reoperations for recurrent disc herniation, adjacent segment disease (ASD) following prior fusion, and ASD with nonunion of the prior fusion site requiring fusion extension, were described. All three cases exhibited clinical improvement following surgery. BESS is an effective and safe method for spinal revision surgery not only in simple decompression surgery but also in cases that required fusion surgery. As BESS is advancing, its role in complex spinal surgeries is expected to expand, potentially setting new standards in minimally invasive spine surgery.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are present in diverse tissues and organs, including bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, and placenta. MSCs can expand easily in vitro and have regenerative stem cell properties and potent immunoregulatory activity. They inhibit the functions of dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells, but enhance those of regulatory T cells by producing immunoregulatory molecules such as transforming growth factor-beta, hepatic growth factors, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-10, indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase, nitric oxide, heme oxygenase-1, and human leukocyte antigen-G. These properties make MSCs promising therapeutic candidates for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the preclinical studies of MSCs in animal models for systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and summarize the underlying immunoregulatory mechanisms.
Adipose Tissue ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Autoimmune Diseases* ; B-Lymphocytes ; Bone Marrow ; Crohn Disease ; Dendritic Cells ; Dinoprostone ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Interleukin-10 ; Leukocytes ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells* ; Models, Animal* ; Nitric Oxide ; Placenta ; Stem Cells ; T-Lymphocytes ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Umbilical Cord