Objective: To evaluate adolescents’ self-esteem and explore its influencing factors in order to provide basic evidence for improving self-esteem level and mental health of adolescents. Methods: A total of 5 709 adolescents of different characteristics from both urban and rural areas in six provinces were investigated anonymously with the method of computer-assisted self-interview (CASI). Self-esteem was evaluated by Self-Esteem Scale (SES, scored 10-40 points). Results: The average score of self-esteem was 28.15,28.40, 28.97 and 27.45 point for junior high students, senior high students, college students and out-of-school adolescents, respectively. The difference of the scores among the four groups was statistically significant(F=27.64, 14.41, P<0.01). More than 80% adolescents felt they were people of worth, were able to do things as most other people, took a positive attitude toward themselves and were satisfied with themselves. About 50% of adolescents thought they were no good at all at times. Less than 20% adolescents thought they had enough respect for themselves. About 11.57% to 22.22% of adolescents felt sad about their own gender, about 37.56% to 61.49% of adolescents often or sometimes felt sad about their body image. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that those who had a good overall feeling of family, satisfied with their own gender, and less worried about their body image tended to have a higher self-esteem scores among 4 groups(P<0.01). Other related influencing factors included parental education level, family economic status, only-child or not, birth place and parental preference for gender of their child. Conclusion Adolescents’ self-esteem was fair, and many factors were associated with it. It is necessary to strengthen the education on gender equality among parents and adolescents and to pay more attention to mental health of the adolescents, who were in rural areas, with poor family atmosphere and economic status.

Objective: To understand the prevalence and trend of diet related behaviors among secondary school students in Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for developing appropriate health education strategies. Methods: Anonymous questionnaire surveys were conducted among 71 291 students selected by multi stage stratified cluster sampling method from junior high schools,senior high schools and vocational schools in Shanghai in the year of 2008,2012,2015,2017,2019. The questionnaire adopted was "Shanghai adolescent health related behavior questionnaire". Test for trend test were applied for the analysis of the prevalence of their dietary behaviors. Results: The proportion of middle school students nutritional status within the normal range in each survey year were 73.40 %, 72.60%, 68.06%, 68.73%, 67.53%, respectively, while the rate of overweight and obesity increased from 13.17% in 2008 to 23.73% in 2019. The proportion of "eating fried food" decreased significantly by year, from 12.05 % to 4.23% (male, APC=-7.94%, t =-4.33, female, APC= -9.29%, t=-7.71, P <0.05) respectively. And the proportion of "eating dessert" also decreased significantly by year, from 31.66% to 11.14% (male, APC=-8.41%, t =-6.37, female, APC=-8.67%, t=-6.96, P <0.05). In the five surveys, the percentages of healthy diet related behaviors of secondary school students were 12.81%-21.82%, no significant upward trend was observed in the whole( P >0.05). The proportion of diet-related behaviors of nutrition unbalance and easily leading to obesity decreased significantly from 35.47% to 17.00%(APC=-6.71%, t= -5.00 , P <0.05). The proportion of diet related behavior of nutrition unbalance and not easily leading to obesity increased significantly from 39.15% to 60.16%(APC=3.46%, t=6.18, P <0.05). Conclusion Overweight and obesity among secondary school students in Shanghai are increasing during the past decade, and the proportion of healthy dietary behaviors is low. The knowledge of rational diet should be publicized among these students in order to develop healthy dietary behaviors.

Objective:To investigate the effect of applying narrative therapy theory into game on improving the quality of bowel preparation in children, and to provide a basis for selecting nursing intervention methods before bowel preparation.Methods:This study was a quasi experimental study. Totally 62 children who took polyethylene glycol electrolyte dispersion for bowel preparation in Gansu Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January to December 2021 were included in this retrospective study. They were divided into control group with 28 cases and experimental group with 34 cases according to random number table method. The control group was given conventional bowel preparation and medication guidance, and the experimental group was given the intervention during bowel preparation by applying narrative therapy theory implanted games. The bowel preparation adequacy rate, complete medication taking rate and parental satisfaction of the two groups were observed and compared.Results:The bowel preparation adequacy rate and complete medication taking rate in the experimental group were 94.12% (32/34) and 52.94% (18/34), respectively, which were higher than 46.43% (13/28) and 10.71% (3/28) in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 15.23, 10.41, both P<0.01). According to the average BBPS score, the experimental group had better intestinal cleanliness compared to the control group (7.65 ± 1.07 vs 6.07 ± 1.41, t = -4.87, P<0.01), the difference was statistically significant. 97.06% (33/34) of the parents in the experimental group expressed satisfaction, which was higher than 64.29% (18/28) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 12.74, P<0.05). Conclusions:By applying the narrative therapy theory implanted games, the complete taking of high-dose bowel cleasing agent can be promoted and the quality of bowel preparation can be improved, which is worth suggesting as a nursing intervention method for bowel preparation.

Objective: To analyze factors influencing antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients receiving ART at the town level in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture (Ili) in May 2015 and to document enhanced ART for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using one-on-one interviews and data collection from the system of AIDS follow-up management in three ART services centers at the town level of Ili. The subjects were HIV-infected individuals, aged 18 years or older, who were receiving ART during the survey. The surveys collected demographic characteristics, information related to ART and status of engaging ART, smoking and drinking behavior, depression, and quality of life. Results: A total of 412 participants completed the survey. The age was (41.1±8.0) years (range, 19-67 years). Approximately 60.9% (251) were male and 39.1% (161) were female. The survey showed that 75.0% (309) of participants were in good adherence and the P₅₀ (P₂₅, P₇₅) of quality of life was 56.31 (50.55, 59.42). Females demonstrated better adherence to ART (82.6% (n=133)) than males (70.1% (n=76)) (χ²=8.16, P=0.005). The compliance rate of participants (78.0% (n=54)) with depression was higher than non-depressed participants (63.5% (n=255)) (χ²=7.52, P=0.008). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the probability of good adherence to ART increased with increasing quality of life (OR=1.06, 95%CI:1.02-1.09). Moreover, participants who consumed alcohol or disclosed their HIV infection status to families were less likely to have good adherence to ART (OR=0.26, 95% CI:0.13-0.53 and OR=0.31, 95% CI:0.13-0.72, respectively). Additionally, employed participants were also less likely to have good adherence to ART compared with unemployed participants (OR=0.45, 95% CI:0.21-0.97). Conclusion HIV/AIDS patients primarily showed good adherence to ART. Factors related to ART adherence included alcohol consumption, informing family of infection, work status, and quality of life.

ObjectiveTo understand the health information needs of chronic disease inpatients and the current utilization of community health resources， and to analyze the influencing factors， so as to provide basis for personalized and high-quality health education for chronic disease inpatients and to guide them to make full use of community health resources. MethodsFrom November 2020 to February 2021， we conducted a face-to-face multi-center clinical epidemiological survey with paper questionnaire in three general hospitals of Shanghai. The study included 404 inpatients with diabetes， hypertension， coronary heart disease， chronic respiratory diseases， cancer and other chronic diseases. Results94.01% of the 404 respondents had different needs for disease or health related information， and there was no significant difference between patients of different ages， genders and educational backgrounds in their needs for health knowledge. Among these patients， only 39.11% of them participated in the establishment of a card for chronic disease management in the community or signed for a family doctor. The participation rate of male patients was lower than that of female patients （P<0.05）. ConclusionPatients with chronic diseases have a high demand for health related information， and we need to provide health information in multiple ways. We should increase investment in community health resources， improve service quality， and guide residents with chronic diseases to make full use of community health resources.