Objective:To Study the efficacy and satety of lamivudine in the treatment of CHB and HBV carrier.　Methods:All patients were divided into three groups. 21 patients with CHB were classified CHB test group(namely groupⅠ), 16 HBV carries were classified ASC test group(namely Group Ⅱ), 40 patients with CHB were CHB controlled group(namely controlled group). Both group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ received lamivudine, group Ⅰ was added protecting liver therapy. The controlled group only received protecting liver therapy. The treatment courses of three groups were one year. 　Results:The effective rates of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were higher than the controlled group in turning into negative HBeAg and HBV-DNA, both the negative-turning rate of liver functions and hepatic serology target declining fibrosis in group Ⅰ was more significant than the controlled group without severe side effect. 　Conclusion:Lamivudin is efficient and safe medicine in the treatment of CHB and HBV carrier.

Objective To investigate correlation between the fear related to childbirth and the social support in pregnant women in order to provide evidence for clinical intervention. Methods A total of 351 pregnant women from 2 hospitals were recruited from July to December, 2014 in city of Guangzhou. They were investigated with the self- designed questionnaire of general conditions measurement, the childbirth Attitudes Questionnaires and the perceived Social Support Scale. Results The total scores of the fear related to childbirth and the social support in pregnant women were 32.29±6.25 and 46.59±7.13, respectively. Scores of the total scale and the factors of the fear related to childbirth and the social support were negatively correlated (r=-0.798--0.134,P < 0.05). Conclusions Negative correlation exists between the fear related to childbirth and the childbirth self-efficacy in pregnant women. To reduce the fear related to childbirth, their families should be encouraged to provide more support for pregnant women.

Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture combined with facilitated technique on lower limb function and activities of daily living of stroke patients.Methods 120 stroke patients with lower limb palsy were divided into the group Ⅰ (treated with acupuncture combined with facilitated technique), group Ⅱ (treated with acupuncture), third group Ⅲ (treated with facilitated technique) and the group Ⅳ (treated with medicine). The lower limb function and ADL of four groups were evaluated with Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and 10 weeks after treatment.Results The scores of FAC, FMA and MBI of all the groups improved significantly, but it was more significantly in the first group than the in other groups (P<0.01), in group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ than in group Ⅳ (P<0.01). The difference between the group Ⅱ and Ⅲ was insignificantly(P>0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture combined with facilitated technique can improve the lower limb function and activities of daily living of stroke patients more effectively.

To study the pulse diagram parameters of subjects with subhealth state and to find the pulse parameters for subhealth state evaluation.

Objective To discuss effect of fasting and taking food on hemostasis effect of patients with gastric ulcer and bleeding. Methods 160 patients with gastric ulcer and bleeding were divided in-to the experimental group and the control group, the experimental group was allowed to take lower ho-moiothermy water gruel (liquid), the control group was required absolute fasting (not medication), until bleeding stop. The two groups adopted identical treatment and nursing. The lienable stomach tube was placed respectively, everyday pH value monitor and occult blood test were carried out by taking out gas-tric juice when fasting and 2 hours after meals. Continuous monitoring tests continued till occult blood test of gastric liquid became negative for 3 times. Stool was kept for occult blood test, at the same time the gastrointestinal tract symptom and bleeding condition were observed, routine blood test was carried out one every other day. The data underwent statistical analysis with SPSS13.0 statistics software package, compari-son between two groups used t test. Results The inner stomach pH value of the experimental group in-creased obviously, the average pH value and percentage of pH above 4 was evidently higher than those of the control group. The time of occult blood test of gastric liquid and stool turning to negative in the experi-mental group was shorter than those of the control group. Conclusions Taking food can elevate pH of gastric liquid, reduce damage caused by gastric acid to gastric mucosa, thus hasten hemostasis process and promote healing.

Purpose To study the clinicalpathologic features,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and prognosis of cervical adenoid basal carcinoma (ABC) for improving further recognition and avoiding the likelihood of unnecessarily aggressive treatment to this disease.Methods Clinical presentations and pathological features of 4 cases of cervical ABC were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining,immunohistochemical EnVision staining and in situ hybridization technology.The relevant literatures were reviewed.Results The age of 4 cases with cervical ABC ranged from 53 to 67 years (mean:61.5 years).All of the 4 patients underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.Microscopically,the tumors were composed of small,well-differentiated and uniform basaloid cells and the tumor cells formed rounded nests or cords.The tumor cells arranged in palisading at the periphery of the nests.Some of the nests had central cystic spaces and there may also be focal glandular or squamous differentiation in the centre of the nests.Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions were observed in all 4 cases.Immunohistochemically,all the tumor cells were negative for CK7,ER,CEA,CD117 and S-100,while CK5/6,CK8/18,CK19,p16,p53,BCL-2 and p63 were positive.HPV 16/18 DNA were positive by in situ hybridization.The patients remained alive without recurrence and metastasis after follow-up 19 to 62 months.Conclusion ABC of the uterine cervix is a rare neoplasm with excellent prognosis.Differentiation of ABC from adenoid cystic carcinoma,basaloid squamous carcinoma,neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma is important due to their different prognosis.Treatment is predominantly hysterectomy or laser electrocantery excision procedure (Leep).Radiotherapy or chemotherapy is not recommeded.

Objective To establish in vitro model for perineural invasion (PNI) of pancreatic cancer,and observe the process of PNI.Methods Mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and pancreatic cancer Capan-2 cell line were co-cultured in Matrigel matrix.Two models were constructed:model 1 for observing areas of cell colonies and model 2 for observing distance of cell migration.Neurite outgrowth and cell colony growth were observed by invert microscope,images were analyzed by using Image pro plus software.Results Neurite outgrowth was not affected by co-culture.DRG neurite appeared radial growth under either co-culture or single culture.It was observed that Capan-2 cell could migrate to DRG,and grows around the nerve fiber as spindleshaped,then continue to migrate to DRG.At the 5th day,in the co-culture group of model 1,the colony area was (309.28 ±19.11) μm2,which was significantly bigger than that in single culture model [(208.57±7.94) μm2,P ＜0.01].At the 5 th day,in the co-culture group of model 2,Capan-2 migrated (284.1 ±12.9) μm to DRG,while in the side of blank Matrigel,cell migrated less than 150 μm,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions The in vitro models for perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer were constructed successfully,which lay a good foundation for future studies.

Objective To investigate the effect of diuretic (furosemide) therapy on kidney injury induced by melamine and cyanuric acid in rats. Methods 36 male Spragne Dawley rats were random disided into 3 groups. Group A was treated with 2mL of water daily, group B was treated with melamine and cyanuric acid ( each 100 mg/kg) daily for 4 days and then 2ml of water daily, group C was treated with the same as group B at the first 4 days and then treatment with furosemide (20mg/kg) daily. Samples of blood and 24h urine were collected to detective biochemical indexes, and kidney sections were performed on days 4 and 11 ( each end point, n = 6). The kidneys were observed with histopathology and renal crystal deposition scores were determined. Results On the 4th day, group B and group C were resulted in acute kidney injury such as oliguria [ ( 3. 39 ± 1.02 ) ml, ( 3. 20 ± 0. 86 ) ml ] and high serum creatinine [ ( 153.54 ±27. 08)μmol/L, (160. 11 ± 19. 55)μmol/L] and renal melamine cyanurate crystal were found in the renal tissues. On the 11th day, the renal crystal deposition score in the rats was reduced by 9. 52% ( P >0. 05). Compared with those of the 4th day in group B, it reduced by 63.63%( P <0.05) in group C. Urine volume were increased significantly compared with those of the 4th day( P < 0. 05 ) in group C [ from (3.20±0. 86)ml to (25.96 ±5.97)ml] and group B [ from(3. 39 ± 1.02)ml to (8. 57 ± 1.66)ml] , and Urine volume in group C was increased significantly more than that in group B ( P < 0. 05 ). The serum creatinine was obviously reduced as compared with those of the 4th day in group B and C( P <0.05), from[ (153. 54±27.08) μmol/L] to [ ( 106. 10 ±5.53) μmol/L] in group B and from [ ( 160. 11 ± 19. 55) μmol/L] to [ (67. 17 ± 12. 80 ) μmol/L] in group C, but the serum creatinine in group B was still higher than that in group A and C ( P < 0. 05). Conclusions Furosemide can attenuate the damage of acute kidney injury induced by melamine and cyanuric acid.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma with a very high degree of malignancy. Currently, the standard treatment for SCLC is still chemoradiotherapy, and although SCLC is sensitive to chemotherapy in the early stage, recurrence and metastasis often occur due to drug resis-tance. In recent years, immunotherapy has made some progress in the study of SCLC. The immunodetection point programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors, such as nivolumab, atezolizumab and pabolizumab, have shown good antitumor activity in clinical studies of SCLC, and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy have shown better efficacy, providing a new strategy for the treatment of SCLC.

Objective To evaluate the adenoma detection rate( ADR)of fecal occult blood test (FOBT)-positive population in colorectal cancer screening programme and to analyse potential influence of“resection and discard”strategy on ADR. Methods Data of patients who paticipated in the Shanghai color-ectal cancer screening programme with FOBT-positive and received colonoscopy in the Digestive Endoscopic Center of Changhai Hospital from July 2013 to July 2014 were retrospectively analysed. ADR was calculated and compared by different genders. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyse the risk factors of polyp resection without retrieval. Results A total of 222 FOBT-positive patients were involved with 36. 5% male proportion. The total ADR was 19. 8%,higher in male(28. 4%)than in female(14. 9%)(P=0. 015). The independent risk factors of polyp resection without retrieval were diminutive polyp( OR =15. 256,95% CI:4. 159-55. 957),located in rectum( OR = 3. 663,95% CI:1. 427-9. 398) and polyp number >2(OR= 3. 988,95%CI:1. 562-10. 187).Conclusion ADR of FOBT-positive population is approx-imately 20%in our center. Low male proportion and“resection and discard”strategy may lead to lower ADR. ADR should be calculated by different genders and advanced endoscopic technology should be employed rou-tinely to predict the pathological diagonosis of the lesions.