ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the newly reported HIV-infected cases aged ≥50 years in Tiantai County from 2006 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of intervention measures and control strategies for the elderly. MethodsData of the newly reported HIV-infected individuals aged ≥50 years in Tiantai County from 2006 to 2020 were analyzed. A trend χ² test was used to analyze the changing trends of the composition ratio over the years. ResultsA total of 201 HIV-infected cases aged ≥50 years were newly reported from 2006 to 2020, accounting for 52.62% of the total reported cases, and the proportion of HIV- infected patients aged ≥50 years in the total number of reported cases increased from 12.50% in 2011 to 80.00% in 2020, showing a yearly increasing trend (χ²_trend=36.898, P<0.001). The mean age of the elderly at diagnosis of HIV infection was (64.8±9.1) years old, and the average age of infection was (58.1±9.3) years old. Patients who were male (79.10%), married with a spouse (58.21%), with an educational level of primary school and below (68.16%), with a local registered residence (75.12%) and peasants (88.06%) were associated with increased risk of HIV infection. Heterosexual transmission (89.55%) was the major route of HIV transmission among the HIV-infected cases aged ≥50 years and 75.12% of them were detected while visited medical and healthcare facilities. Among heterosexual transmission, males were more likely to be infected through non-marital heterosexual contact(χ²=229.381, P<0.001), while females were more likely to be infected through contact with their positive spouse or fixed sexual partner(χ²=216.699, P<0.001). The AIDS epidemic had affected 15 townships (streets) in the county. Pingqiao Town and Chicheng Street were seriously affected, with the confirmed cases accounted for 45.27% of the total number of the cases in the county. ConclusionThe number of the newly reported HIV-infected cases aged ≥50 years in Tiantai County showed a rapid growth trend from 2006 to 2020. Males with low educational level predominated in the total number of the cases. Commercial heterosexual behavior is the main route of infection. Lack of timely detection and management on positive clandestine prostitutes, resulting in the existence of gathering trend in the key towns. Crackdown on clandestine prostitution should be strengthened, and interventions on high-risk sexual behaviors should be carried out, in order to promote the acquisition of HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge and behavioral change for the elderly, furthermore, to control the spread and epidemic of HIV/AIDS.

Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of peramivir trihydrate in patients with influenza.Methods This was a randomized,double-blind,double-dummy,placebo and positive control,multicenter clinical trial,comparing peramivir trihydrate with oseltamivir and placebo.The inclusive criteria were 15-70 years old,onset within 48 h,positive rapid influenza antigen test,and febrile(＞38℃) accompanied with at least two associated symptoms.The severe cases complicated with chronic pulmonary and cardiac diseases,malignancies,organ transplantation,hemodialysis,uncontrolled diabetes,immunocompromised status,pregnancy and coexistence of bacterium infections were excluded.All patients were randomized 2:2:1 to receive peramivir,oseltamivir and placebo respectively.The primary endpoint was the disease duration,the secondary endpoints included time to normal axillary temperature and normal living activities,viral response,and adverse effects.Results Following informed consent,133 patients were included in this study.Four patients were exclude due to missing medical records,not fitting inclusion or exclusion criteria and poor compliance.A total of 129 patients were finally analyzed,including 49 cases,54 cases and 26 cases in peramivir group,oseltamivir group and placebo group.The median disease duration were 96 (76,120)hours,105(90,124) hours,and 124 (104,172)hours in three groups respectively(P＞0.05).The time to normal axillary temperature,normal living activities and viral response were not significantly different in three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The value of antiviral therapy in patients with mild influenza needs to be further determined.

ObjectiveTo understand the prevalence of hookworm infection and its relevant behavioral factors in rural areas of Tiantai County， Zhejiang Province， and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of hookworm disease. MethodsBy using a stratified cluster random sampling strategy， local residents aged ≥3 years was divided into 5 districts according to geographical location； furthermore， those in one administrative village （surveillance site） were investigated in each district. Species of hookworm were identified by filter paper culture in vitro， and enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected by cellophane anal swab in children aged 3‒9 year. Risk factors were determined by questionnaire. ResultsA total of 1 013 residents were investigated in 5 surveillance sites. Thirty nine cases with hookworm infection were detected， with the total infection rate of 3.85% . All species detected were determined to be Necator americanus. The infection rate significantly differed across the towns （χ²=48.32， P<0.05）， with the highest rate in Nanping Town （10.95%） . It significantly differed by age groups （χ²=65.65， P<0.05）， with the highest rate in those aged >70 years （9.75%）. Furthermore， it decreased with educational background. It was significantly associated with fertilize with fresh manure （χ²=6.87， P<0.05） and barefoot labor （χ²=157.69， P<0.05）. ConclusionThe overall infection rate of hookworm in Tiantai County remains low. Dominant species of hookworm is hookworm Necator americanus. It is necessary to strengthen the advocacy of hookworm prevention and control knowledge， improve hygiene in work and life style， and increase self-protection awareness.