Objective To research the survivability of pinaverium bromide in elderly colonoscopy preoperative preparation to improve the quality of the elderly colonoscopy.Methods Three hundred elderly outpatient who underwent colonoscopy were enrolled in this study and were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 150 patients in each group.The patients in observation group were given pinaverium bromide100 mg,3 times a day with the meal,and at the last time they took 100 mg before 2 h of colonoscopy.The patients in control group took nothing.The entry time and abdominal pain class were recorded by endoscopic doctors and assistants and compared between two groups.Results The completion rate of observation group and control group was 98.0％(147/150)and 93.3％(140/150),the successful rate of observation group and control group was 78.0％(117/150) and 65.3％(98/150),and there were significant differences (x2 =3.94,5.93,P ＜ 0.05).The number of entry time ＜ 5 min,5-10 min,＞ 10 min in observation group was 25,60,62 cases,in control group was 10,53,77 cases,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The abdominal pain class Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳin observation group was 32,85,30,3 cases,in control group was 21,77,42,10 cases,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no adverse reaction in observation group.Conclusions Taking pinaverium bromide before colonoscopy 1 d in elderly patients can help to alleviate the symptoms of conventional colonoscopy abdominal pain and increase the tolerance of elderly.

Objective To study the HLA-DRB1 genotype and their r elation with HBV infection among Han patients in shanxi area. Methods HLA-DRB1 genotyping was conducted in 54 patients HBV infection and 108 health controls, as well as 32 asymtomatic HBsAg carriers by using polymerase ch ain reaction/sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) method. All the patients, asy mtomatic HBsAg carriers, and healthy subjects were inhabitants of Shan'xi area o f Han nationality. The association between HLA-DRB1 genotype and different repl ication of HBV were also studied. Results DRB1*04,DRB1*09,DRB 1*12, DRB1*15 were the most common genotypes in the Shan'xi Han inbabitants wit h the frequency of 16.2%,12.5%,11.6% and 13.4% respectively. Compared to 108 healthy controls, the allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*03 was 11.1% in HBV patien ts versus 3.7% in healthy controls, with odds ratio=3.57 and Pc=0.014 ( P

Objective To investigate the stability of lumbar single?level dynamicly fixed by socket track pedicle screws after decompression. Methods Socket track pedicle screws are made of titanium?alloy, swing like universal screw within the scope of 18° in the sagittal plane and 8° in the horizontal plane. Motion constraints were due to the hole which the screw goes through. Six pig spines (L1-5) were tested by applying a pure moment of 4.018 Nm in 3 directions of loading. The range of motion (ROM) of the following groups underwent different surgical procedures was measured:(1) intact;(2) dynamic fixation 1 (decompres?sion by total laminectomy and instrumentation with socket track pedicle screws); (3) dynamic fixation 2 (decompression by total laminectomy and bilateral facetectomy while instrumentation with socket track pedicle screws);( 4) instability resulted from decom?pression (decompression by total laminectomy plus bilateral facetectomy without any rod);(5) hybrid fixation (decompression by to?tal laminectomy and bilateral facetectomy while instrumentation with 2 socket track pedicle screws connected with 2 unilateral pedicle screws ). Results Compared with the intact specimens (in flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation, corresponding angular displacements were 1.84°±0.75°, 1.55°±0.34°, 2.2°±1.07°, 2.06°±0.76° respectively), the ROM of segment L3, 4 of each group were significantly restricted except for axial rotation. In flexion, extension and lateral bending, the ROM was reduced to 0.71°±0.39°, 0.46°±0.18°, 0.85°±0.66° in dynamic fixation 1 group;0.79°±0.43°, 0.71°±0.20°, 1.17°±0.48° in dynamic fixation 2 group and 0.63°±0.50°, 0.37°±0.19°, 0.54°±0.60° in hybrid fixation group. The rotation ROM of dynamic fixation 1 group and hy?brid fixation group were decreased to 1.50°±0.64° and 1.22°±0.36°, whereas the ROM of dynamic fixation 2 had a non?significant reduction to 1.85°±0.67°. The extension and rotation ROM of dynamic fixation 2 increased significantly comparing to dynamic fixa?tion 1 group; the extension, lateral bending and axial rotation ROM of hybrid fixation group were reduced comparing to the state of dynamic fixation 2 group. Conclusion The dynamic instrumentation of single?level lumbar spine with socket track pedicle screws could offer stability in all directions. The flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation ROM of spine with dynamic instru?mentation after total laminectomy and bilateral facetectomy could be reduced.

BACKGROUND: Since there are only cell axons of neurons in peripheral cells, the study on neural stem cells (NSCs) is almost focused on neuronal cells, for which, the study on repair of peripheral nerve may be based on some experiences in NSCs.OBJECTIVE: To observe the repair of peripheral nerve after graft of autologus bone marrow derived NSCs in the injured area. To observe whether the grafted NSCs were survived and migrated in spinal cord as differentiated neurons in the injured area of peripheral nerve or not.DESIGN: Observed controlled experiment was designed.SETTING: Institute of Neurological Medicine of Zhujiang Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityMATERIALS: Eight New Zealand big white rabbits were employed, of clean grade, mass weighted varied from 1.5 to 2.5 kg and of either sex.METHODS: The experiment was performed in Institute of Neurological Medicine of Zhujiang Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University collected from New Zealand big white rabbits for culture and differentiation was prepared. Sciatic neural injured area of one side was randomized as graft side. Physiological saline, collagen matrix and cellular embedding solution were infused up to 0.01 mL (containing stem cells 1×1010L-1). Another side was taken as the control, in which, collagen matrix suspension 0.01 mL was infused. Peffusion and fixation were followed 3 months after graft and auto-graft was performed in the injured peripheral nerve. The materials were collected for observation from graft area, spinal cord area, injured area on the opposite side and normal neural area.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morphology of nerve fibers and neuronal cells in NSC graft area, spinal cord area and non-graft area on opposite injury side.RESULTS: The density and continuity of nerve fibers grown in graft area were higher remarkably than non-graft area on opposite side and more Schwann cells were seen under optic microscope. With amplified ×400 visual field, Ranvier's node of spinal nerve fiber was visible. In addition,mucous matrix and few fibroblasts were seen also in the space of nerve fibers. The survived neuronal cells were no visible in graft area, spinal cord area and non-graft area of sciatic injury on the opposite side.CONCLUSION: Graft of autologus bone-marrow derived neural stem cells in defect area of peripheral area benefits repair of nerve fibers. But the neural stem cells cannot survive as neurons in graft area of peripheral nerve, spinal cord area and the defect control on the opposite side.

Objective To provide the morphological evidence for sensory pathway by the repair of dorsal root (DR) in which received transected and anastomosed with central processes (DR) and peripheral processes (spinal nerve) respectively. Methods 74 SD rats were divided into three groups randomly. Group A: the distal ending of L6 DR was sutured to the proximal ending of the L4 DR in right side. Group B: the postganglionic spinal nerve of L4 was cut at a point 2 mm to intervertebral foramen and its proximal stump was reconnected to the distal ending of L6 DR in right side. Group C: under the same operative manipulation on group B, but no anastomosis was performed to serve as the sham operation group. The left side was kept intact and served as a normal control in all groups. The repairing results of DR axonal regeneration were evaluated at 3 months after operation by retrograde tracing, the density of positive Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) axon in dorsal root entry zone (DREZ), survival rate of neurons in DR ganglia and posterior horn, light and transmission electron microscope. Results HRP retrograde tracing demonstrated axonal axoplasmic transport of regenerative nerve recovered well in group B. Regenerative fibers were found. There was no difference between group A or B and normal control with regard to the number of myelinated axons and the thickness of myelin. Regenerating axon stop at the DREZ in group A and the density of positive CGRP were lower than those in group B and normal control. Survival rate of neurons in L6 DR ganglia had no difference among all groups. However, in posterior horn, a significant increase in death was seen in group A and sham group. Conclusion The ability of axonal regeneration was effective and with no disservice to neurons in posterior horn following anastomosis of postganglionic spinal nerve and dorsal root, by which axoplasmic transport across the DREZ into the spinal cord.

Objective To summarize and explore the clinical value of selective partial neurotomy of muscular branch of triceps in the treatment of spastic talipes equines.Methods Forty-two cases were included in our study from Aug.2000 to Des.2007,all these cases accepted the operation of selective partial neurotomy muscular branch of triceps.In this study,29 cases were male,13 cases were female.Muscle force of legs,muscular tension,pathologic reflex,gesture and function of legs after operation were compared with that of before operation.Results The mean fallow-up was 18 months.During the fallow-up of this study,muscular tension degraded,the function of ankle joints and the gesture of extremitas inferior were improved obviously.The effective power was about 90% after 12 months follow-up.Conclusions Selective partial neurotomy of muscular branch of triceps is a effective method for the treatment of spastic talipes equines.The operation procedure is simple and effective,and could be generalized in the primary level hospital.

Objective To investigate and analyze whether the different types of radial head fracture and internal fixations have influence on the out comeof elbow function after surgery. Methods We reviewed the clinical data of 46 cases of radial head fractures from August 2002 to December 2008, 34 males, and 12 females, aged from 19 to 51years. All these cases underwent open reduction and internal fixation including fixation with Kirschner wire fixation, mini-plate and/or screw fixation and radial head resection. Results Forty-six cases were followed up in this study for a period of 8 months to 4 years (mean 2 yeats and 4 months).According to Mayo assessment of elbow function, the results of 35 cases were excellent or good (35/46 cases, 76.1%). Better function recovery was got in those who were preferred mini-screw internal fixation or combined with mini-plate. The same results were also found in those with Mason type Ⅱ fracture and in those underwent surgery within 2 weeks. Conclusions Good results can be got through surgical treatment as the indication of open reduction is clear, especially in cases with radial head fracture of Mason type Ⅱ and Ⅲ.The type of radial head fracture, the method of internal fixation and the timing of surgery all affect the outcome.

AIM: To study the HLA-DRB1 genotype and their relation with HBV infection in Shaanxi Han patients.METHODS: HLA-DRB1 genotyping was conducted in 108 case of chronic HBV infection and 108 health controls as well as 32 asymtomatic HBsAg carriers by using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer method.All the patients,asymtomatic HBsAg carriers and health subjects were residents of Shaanxi district and belonged to Han nationality.The association between HLA-DRB1 genotype and different replication of HBV was also studied.RESULTS: DRB1~*04,DRB1~*09,DRB1~*12 and DRB1~*15 were the most common genotypes in Shaanxi Han residents with the frequency of 16.2%,12.5%,11.6% and 13.4%,respectively.Compared to 108 health controls,the allele frequency of HLA-DRB1~*03(10.6% of HBV patients versus 3.7% of health controls,odds ratio=3.10;P

Background:In the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis,the changes of biological factors can affect the physiological barrier of gastric mucosa,increase the risk of injury of intercellular junctions,leading to disruption of mucosal barrier. Aims:To investigate the expressions of occludin and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1)in chronic gastritis and their significance. Methods:A total of 82 patients with chronic gastritis from October 2014 to October 2017 at the First People's Hospital of Xiaochang were enrolled and divided into chronic non-atrophic gastritis (CNAG)group and chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG)group according to the endoscopic biopsy pathology. Forty healthy subjects were served as normal controls. Expressions of occludin and ZO-1 were examined by immunohistochemistry. Patients positive for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection received eradication therapy,and expressions of occludin and ZO-1 were reexamined after Hp eradication. Results:The positivity rates of occludin and ZO-1 proteins in CNAG and CAG groups were significantly lower than those in normal control group (P＜0.05). The positivity rates of occludin and ZO-1 proteins in CNAG group were significantly higher than those in CAG group (P＜0.05). The positivity rates of occludin and ZO-1 proteins in Hp-positive CNAG patients were significantly lower than those in Hp-negative CNAG patients (P＜0.05). The positivity rate of ZO-1 protein in Hp-positive CAG patients was significantly lower than that in Hp-negative CAG patients (P＜0.05). Expressions of occludin and ZO-1 proteins showed a linear trend correlation with activity of gastric inflammation (P ＜0.05);their expressions decreased significantly with the increase in activity of inflammation. The positivity rates of occludin and ZO-1 proteins in CNAG patients increased significantly after Hp eradication (P＜0.05). Conclusions:Expressions of occludin and ZO-1 are decreased in chronic gastritis,especially in CAG,and are correlated with Hp infection and activity of gastric inflammation.

MicroRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by binding to the 3′ non-coding region of the target gene mRNA to regulate gene expression after transcription. The expression level of miRNA is closely related to the clinical staging, typing, prognosis assessment, and therapeutic effect of DLBCL. miRNA has a great potential as that of DLBCL-related biomarkers, and because of the close link between the two, miRNA-based therapies are expected to lead to new treatment options for DLBCL patients.