Objective To evaluate the performance of different GFR equations in estimating renal function of people undertake health examination.Methods A total of 8 476 occupational physical examination population were selected.Serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,serum cystatin and urine routine of all cases were collected to be used to calculate eGFR through different GFR equations of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI)equation.,the equation based on cystatin C(Cys-EPI),the combined creatinine-cystatin C equation(CC-EPI),simplified MDRD equtation (a-MDRD),modified eGFR equation for Chinese pa-tients (c-MDRD).Results There was a significant correlation among physical examination population using different GFR equa-tions calculated results(P <0.01).But comparisons the means of eGFR calculated by different equations are statistical significant (P <0.01).Comparing with CKD-EPI,the eGFR calculated by c-MDRD is higher(P =8.7×10-263 ).The ratios of population,eG-FR<60 mL·min-1 ·1.73(m2 )-1 by different equations,have significant difference (P <0.01).And the ratio difference is more concentrated in the range Of 45-59 mL·min-1 ·1.73(m2 )-1 .Devide the populations into two groups,which are chronic kidney disease (CKD)and Non-CKD according to the standard of eGFR and Urine protein by CKD-EPI.Among CKD,the eGFR calculated by Cys-EPI,CC-EPI,c-MDRD are higher;but among non-CKD group,eGFR calculated by Cys-EPI,a-MDR are lower,the eGFR of c-MDRD is significantly higher,while the result of CC-EPI is most close to the CKD-EPI.Conclusion There were significant corre-lations between the different equations to calculate GFR among physical examination population.

Objective To examine the polymorphism in NPHS2 gene of IgA nephropathy in northern Chinese patients and to investigate the possible association of the NPHS2 polymorphism with the development of IgA nephropathy, as well as its clinical and histologic manifestations.Methods The polymorphism of NPHS2 was analyzed by direct DNA sequencing in 32 northern Chinese patients with IgA nephropathy (16 with heavy proteinuria and 16 with isolated hematuria).According to preliminary results, a total of 537 IgA nephropathy patients were genotyped for the NPHS2 C357T polymorphism by PCR combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). We collected clinical and histologic manifestations for gene analysis in patients with IgA nephropathy, such as age, sex, urine protein excretion and so on.ResultsEight NPHS2 polymorphisms (-931A＞T, -601C ＞T, 19G＞T, 171A＞G, 357C ＞ T, IVS3-21C ＞ T, 1023C ＞ T and 1107A ＞ G) were identified.The preliminary results of gene sequencing showed that the frequency of 357T allele in nephrotic syndrome group was obviously lower than isolated hematuria group (0.038 vs 0.125, P ＜0.05).In 537 IgA nephropathy patients with clinical and histologic data, the average urinary protein excretion in the patients with the 357CT/TT genotype was less (P =0.023).The incidence of urinary protein of more than 3.5 g/d was significantly lower in patients with T allele and TT/CT genotype, respectively (P =0.017 and 0.011).The logistic regression analysis indicated that, even after adjusting for the effect of hypertension and age of patients, the CT/II genotype of NPHS2 C357T was an independent protective factor for the urinary protein excretion more than 3.5 g/d(P =0.012,OR = 0.485, 95％ CI 0.275-0.84).ConclusionsEight NPHS2 polymorphisms were identified in northern Chinese IgA nephropathy patients. The frequencies of NPHS2 T allele and TT/CT genotype were the protective factors for urinary protein, especially with that of more than 3.5 g/d.

To explore novel non-opioid analgesic agents, 16 compounds were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and HR-MS. YX0611-1 was treated as the leading compound. The results of mice writhing model and hot plate model showed that compounds 2, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 15 had obvious analgesic activities in vivo. The test of affinity to mu, delta, kappa receptor displayed that active compounds didn't act on opioid receptor. The results of preliminary toxicity and pharmacokinetic tests showed that compound 7 had better safety and pharmacokinetic properties than that of YX0611-1, and it deserved further development.

Crush syndrome in patients rescued from earthquake is a complex clinical syndrome with many medical conditions.The most complications are hyperkalemia,acute kidney injury,shock,infection,ARDS,malnutrition and multiorgan dysfunction.Managing these critical issues appropriately is essential for effective treatment of the crush syndrome.

The mode of community home-based care with combination of medical care and elderly care is im-portant for promoting healthy aging. But now the services contents provided by community health service agencies were not clear, related system of policies and regulations were imperfect, human resources were insufficient and net-work of service resource was not perfect. All of these factors caused the service cannot met old people medical de-mands and the use for community health services is inadequate. So we should proposesupply-side reform on communi-ty health service to meet the medical demands for old people and even to stimulate new demand.

Objectives To explore the decade-feature of military personnel' s psychosomatic health and Its Influence factors.Methods By random cluster sampling,a total of 11362 military personnel ( including army,navy and air-force) were tested by Chinese Psychosomatic Health Scale (CPSHS) from 80' ( n=1100),90' ( n=8000),2000' ( n =2262)then employing SPSS statistic 17.0 program for data analysis by using ANOVA,LSD multiple-comparison,and stepwise regression analysis.Results The factor of eye-ear( 80s' ( 1.17 ± 1.68),90s'( 1.19 ± 1.64 ),2000s' ( 1.12 ± 1.48 ) ) had no significant difference in three decades (P ＞ 0.05 ) ; military personnel' s respiratory system,cardiovascular system,alimentary system,bone-muscle,skin,reproductive-endocrine system,nervous system,anxiety,depression,psychotic traits,family history,mental heath,physical health,and total psychosomatic health psychosomatic health had significant differences in the three decades (P＜ 0.05 ～0.01 ).The stepwise regression analysis revealed that decade,length of military service,urban-rural,marital state had significant effect on total psychosomatic health( decade:t =- 12.452,length of military service:t =-0.024,urban-rural:t=-0.066,marital status:t=0.119,P＜0.012 ～0.000).Conclusions The level of military personnel's psychosomatic health is improved from 80' s,90' s of last century to the year of 2000; the influenced factors of military personnels' psychosomatic health are including decade,length of military service,rural-urban,and marital status.

ObjectiveTo explore the decade-feature of military personnel' mental maladjustment and its influenced factors.MethodsBy random cluster sampling,a total of 10883 military personnel( including army,navy and air-force) were tested by military mental maladjustment scale (MMMS) in three decades (80s' 90s',2000),then employing SPSS 17.0 for data analysis by using ANOVA,LSD multiple-comparison,and stepwise regression analysis.ResultsThe single scores for behavioral disorders( (2.79 ±2.96),(3.42 ± 2.98 ) vs (2.85± 2.93 ) ),affective disorders ( ( 1.50 ± 1.47 ),( 1.76 ± 1.50 ) vs ( 1.51 ± 1.47 ) ),interpersonal relationship( ( 1.78 ± 1.93 ),( 2.44 ± 2.14) vs (2.30 ± 2.18 ) ),environmental adjustment( (0.63 ± 0.94 ),( 0.89 ± 1.02 )vs ( 1.02 ± 1.18) ),and total score ( ( 6.71 ± 6.01 ),( 8.50 ± 6.20) vs ( 7.69 ± 6.89 ) ) had significant differences in the three decades (P ＜ 0.01 ).The changing disposition of behavior,emotion,interpersonal relationship and total mental maladjustment seemed as reversed V in three decades,but environmental adjustment revealed linear increase; stepwise regression analysis revealed that total scores of mental maladjustment had significant decadeeffect after introducing other four independent variables( t =5.96,P =0.000 ) ; the educational level,urban-rural also had significant influence on military mental maladjustment( t =- 3.15,- 9.02,P =0.002 ～ 0.000 ).ConclusionThe mental maladjustment of military personnel reveale a decreasing disposition from 80s',90s' of last century to the year of 2000 ; the influencing factors are decade,educational level and rural-urban.

Objective To observe the role of community popular opinion leader (POL) intervention on ocular epidemic study. Methods During the process of epidemiological survey of eye disease in Shenyang City,the community POL was interviewed to observe the change of the follow-up population from 2015 to 2016 and the effects of the POL intervention were analyzed. Results The study population follow-up rate was significantly improved after POL intervention (χ2 = 85.42,P < 0.01),the male-to-female ratio was balanced (χ2 = 6.51, P = 0.01),and more participants were willing and hoped to participate in the epidemic study for a long time. Conclusion Community POLs can improve the follow-up rate of epidemiological surveys and mobilize the enthusiasm of the population to participate in epidemiological investigations.

Most patients with schizophrenia have experienced a period called clinical high risk (CHR) preceding the first episode of psychosis.Early identification of CHR and timely medication or psychological intervention may reduce conversion to psychosis.By exploring biomarkers that predict the onset of psychosis and improving the accuracy of predicting the prognosis of CHR state, it is possible to take a more active intervention measure.As a fast and economical neurophysiological test, event-related potential (ERP) may reflect the perception process, pre-attention process, and attention distribution of the cognitive processes.And it holds promise for becoming objective indices in predicting the clinical outcomes of the CHR patients.This paper reviews the current studies on different ERP components in the CHR population and their performance as predictors of clinical outcomes.The results show that among ERP abnormalities, P300 and MMN amplitude reductions appear to be more reliable than others, which may indicate that distinct components reflect different stages of the disease.However, as a physiological index in the CHR group, aberrant ERP lacks certain specificity.The algorithm analysis combining different ERP components or combining components with symptoms may make the test more specific in the future.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines for dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease.Methods:PubMed, Medline, Embase databases and CNKI, VIP, Wanfang databases were searched systematically. The deadline was April 25, 2022. The search terms included haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, vaccine, seroresponse, COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The main outcome included the positive rate after vaccination, antibody titer, antibody changes during follow-up, infection rate of SARS-CoV-2, hospitalization rate and mortality.Results:A total of 154 195 patients were analyzed in 26 studies. The results of meta-analysis showed that the positive rate of serum IgG antibody in patients with chronic kidney disease was 48% after the first dose of vaccine, 89% and 96% after the second dose and third dose, respectively. After vaccination with COVID-19 vaccines, there was no significant difference in serum antibody and titer between hemodialysis patients and peritoneal dialysis patients. However, compared with the healthy control group, the antibody positive rate and antibody titer of dialysis patients after vaccination were lower (both P<0.05). In the follow-up, the antibody positive rate at the third month decreased by 12% compared with at the first month, at the sixth month decreased by 15% compared with at the third month, and at the sixth month decreased by 20% compared with at the first month. The serum antibody positive rate after the third dose of vaccine increased by 38% ( RR=1.38, 95% CI 1.12-1.70, P<0.001), and the antibody titer increased significantly ( SMD=1.46, 95% CI 0.31-2.61, P<0.001). Although the vaccines could not reduce the infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in dialysis patients, it could significantly reduce the hospitalization rate and mortality after infection. Conclusions:After vaccination with COVID-19 vaccines, dialysis patients can produce strong serum antibodies, which can reduce the hospitalization rate and mortality after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the duration of antibody is short and the titer level is low, so it is necessary to timely vaccinate booster vaccine dose to obtain stronger immunogenicity.