Objective:To optimize the flash extraction method for polygonatum saponin by orthogonal design. Methods: The ex-traction technology was optimized by L9 (34 ) orthogonal test based on the results of single factor experiments. The optimized conditions were as follows:the material liquid ratio was 1 ∶20, the extraction voltage was 100 V, the extraction time was 40s, and the herbs were extracted 3 times (40 s per time). Results:The ratio of material to liquid had significant effect on the extraction rate,and under the a-bove extraction conditions, the extraction amount of polygonatum saponin reached up to (38. 92 ± 0. 67) mg·g-1 . The order of extrac-tion rate was flash extraction >ultrasonic extraction> ethanol extraction. Conclusion:The flash extraction is beneficial to the extrac-tion of polygonatum saponin.

Objective:To establish a quality standard for vinegar frankincense in Liuwei Jingkang capsules. Methods: TLC was used for the identification of vinegar frankincense. HPLC was used for the content determination of acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), which was the main active component in vinegar frankincense. A SHIMADZU Shim-pack VP-ODS(250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm) column was used. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water containing 0. 01 mol·L-1 hydrochloric acid (78 ∶22) at a flow rate of 1. 5 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was 30℃. The detection wavelength was 252 nm, and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results:The TLC method could identify the characteristic fluorescence of vinegar frankincense was without interference from the blank. There was a good linear relationship of AKBA within the concentration range of 0. 036 5-0. 730 8 mg·ml-1(r=0. 999 7). The average recovery was 98. 24% (RSD=0. 83%, n=9). Conclusion:The established method is accurate, highly sensitive and well re-producible, which can be used for the quality control of Liuwei Jingkang capsules.

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of five active components (paeoniflorin, liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, edomin and osthole)in Pifukang lotion with multiple UV wavelengths.Methods: A Diamonsil C18 (200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) column was used with the mobile phase consisting of 0.1% hydrochloric acid and acetonitrile with gradient elution.The flow rate was 1.5 ml·min-1, and the column temperature was 30℃.Paeoniflorin was detected at 232 nm(0-6 min), liquiritin was detected at 277 nm(6-10 min),and ammonium glycyrrhizinate, edomin and osthole were detected at 254 nm(after 10 min).Results: The linear range of paeoniflorin,liquiritin,ammonium glycyrrhizinate, edomin and osthole was 28.200-282.000 μg·mL-1(r=0.999 7),12.150-121.500 μg·ml-1(r=0.998 8),13.420-134.200 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 5),0.047-0.466 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9) and 2.38-23.8 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9), respectively.The average recovery (RSD) was 98.49%(0.71%), 99.00%(0.62%), 98.38%(0.85%), 97.36%(0.92%) and 97.70%(0.78%), respectively (n=6).Conclusion: The established method is simple, accurate, highly sensitive and well reproducible, which can be used for the determination of the five active ingredients in Pifukang lotion.

Objective To establish an auto-control system for high-throughput and multi-channel DNA synthesis which can simultaneously and quickly synthesize up to 96 different oligonucleotides in a 96-well microtiter format.Methods The PLC and its extended modules is used as the main-control unit, which executes the DNA automatic synthesis process according to the synthesis sequences and steps set by the user,and the manual injecting reagent etc.And the configuration software and VC6.0 were used for programming the man-machine interface sofeware to set synthesis parameters, position calibration,flux calibration data etc, and communicated with PLC.Results The synthesis application of about 150 000 DNA chains has proved that the synthesis cycle time for 96 couplings was 4 min,the average coupling efficiency was 99%across the entire 96-well plate,the monomer reagent usage was reduced by 50 percent,and the synthesis configuration was more flexible.Conclusion A reliable and simple auto-control system is provided for parallel synthesis of 96-channel oligonucleotide chains,which can meet the demands of high-throughput and multi-channel DNA synthesis.

Objective:To analyze the effectiveness of antiviral therapy on adolescents and adults with infectious mononucleosis (IM).Methods:The clinical data of patients aged≥16 years old with IM who were hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2018 were analyzed retrospectively, and the patients were divided into antiviral treatment group and non-antiviral treatment group. The duration of hospitalization day, fever duration, ratio of lymphocytes and duration for normalization of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) markers were compared between the two groups through single factor and propensity score matching analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method. Results:A total of 274 cases were enrolled and 176 cases (64.23%) were divided into antiviral treatment group and 98 cases (35.77%) into non-antiviral treatment group. The proportion of male (56.25%(99/176) vs 56.12%(55/98)), age (21.0(18.0, 26.0) years old vs 21.0(18.0, 27.0) years old), the ratio of fever (98.30%(173/176) vs 93.88%(92/98)), sore throat (90.34%(159/176) vs 88.78%(87/98)), lymphocyte ratio (0.648(0.568, 0.707) vs 0.663(0.581, 0.711)), atypical lymphocyte ratio (0.150(0.100, 0.235) vs 0.135(0.060, 0.250)) and serum EBV DNA level (2.71(2.70, 3.47) lg copies/mL vs 2.70(2.70, 3.28) lg copies/mL) were comparable between two groups at admission, and the differences were all not statistically significant(all P>0.05). The durations of hospitalization and fever in antiviral treatment group were 14.0(10.0, 18.0) d and (14.91±7.24) d, respectively, which were both significantly longer than those in non-antiviral treatment group (11.0(7.0, 15.0) d and (9.95±5.67) d, respectively). The differences were both statistically significant ( Z=-3.294 and t=-5.035, respectively, both P<0.01). Twenty-six patients each in the antiviral treatment group and non-antiviral treatment group were included in the propensity score matching assessment. The fever days of the two groups were 15.0(10.0, 18.0) d and 7.5(5.0, 12.5) d, respectively, and the hospitalization days were (15.4±5.5) d and (12.0±5.7) d, respectively. The differences were both statistically significant ( Z=-3.781 and t=-2.187, respectively, both P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the time required for the ratio of lymphocytes returning to normal, the time required for the ratio of atypical lymphocytes decreasing to <0.100, and the time required for serum EBV DNA becoming negative(all P>0.05). Conclusion:The antiviral treatment could not improve the prognosis of adolescent and adult IM patients.