OBJECTIVE To understand the status of the hospital infection and risk factors,as well as the existing problems of infection management,to improve the surveillance method of incidence rate of hospital infection and strengthen the infectious precaution and control measures.METHODS By efforts of the professional staff of hospital,with cooperateion of the clinic personnel infection management group,all the patients in hospital were investigated when sampled from zero hour of the day before investigation to the zero hour of the day of investigation,according to the requirement of nosocomial infection rate to design the questionnaire.The data were analyzed.RESULTS The patients investigated in hospital were 638,from them 38 cases with hospital infections were found,the incidence and case-time rates of hospital infection were 6.0% and 7.4%,respectively.Respiratory infection was the most common.CONCLUSIONS Compared with the investigation method used previously,the current approach is easy and standardized.It also provides the credible reference to improve infection surveillance and management.

Objective To evaluate the effect of chlamydiaphage virus protein 2(Vp2) on the recombinant virus and virus screening research, and it clinical value thereof. Methods To compare the Vp2 protein sequences to get the conserva-tive region with COBALT. A phylogenetic tree was built with ProteinBlast of Distance tree. The amino acid sequence in the high conservative region was predicted by the methods of Gamier-Robson and Chou-Fasman, and its flexibe regions were predicted by Karplus method. The hydrophilicity plot was predicted by Kyte-Doolittle and Hopp-Woods method. The sur-face probability was analysed by Emini, and the antigenic index was analysed by Jameson-Wolf method. Results The six Chlamydiaphage Vp2 proteins were the highly conserved sequences. There were obvious differences between Chp1Vp2 and other 5 Vp2 proteins. There were the main structure-alpha helix and some cell epitopes in the high conserved region. Con-clusion Vp2 protein is the important component of chlamydia phage capsid with the conservative nature. Vp2 protein has complicated structures and high conservative region with strong immunogenicity, playing a practical value of research in vi-rus recombinantment and screening the wild strains of chlaymdia trachomatis phage.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of HE’s needling method (three ways for unblocking) in treating mild simple obesity due to dampness from spleen deficiency.Method Forty eligible subjects with mild simple obesity due to dampness from spleen deficiency were randomized into group A and group B, 20 cases in each group. Group A was intervened by mild unblocking method plus intensive unblocking method from HE’s needling method, and group B was by mild unblocking method plus warm unblocking method. The obesity-related indexes were observed before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacies were compared.Result The body weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) were significantly changed after intervention in the treatment group (P<0.05). The body weight was significantly changed after treatment in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, there were no significant differences in comparing the obesity-related indexes (body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio) between the two groups (P>0.05). The total effective rate was 55.0% in the treatment group versus 10.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion HE’s needling method is effective in treating mild simple obesity due to dampness from spleen deficiency, and mild unblocking method plus intensive unblocking method can produce a more significant efficacy compared to mild unblocking method plus warm unblocking method.

Objective To survey the resistance profile of clinical isolates to antibiotics across the hospitals in Dongguan,Guangdong Province during 2015.Methods Kirby-Bauer method or automated system was used to test the susceptibility of clinical isolates to selected antimicrobial agents.Results were analyzed according to CLSI 2015 breakpoints.The susceptibility data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 29 665 strains of microorganisms were isolated,of which gram positive cocci accounted for 32.1％ (9 509/29 665) and gram negative bacilli accounted for 67.9％ (20 156/29 665),respectively.The prevalence of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus was 23.3％ (705/3 024) in S.aureus and 43.6％ (1 054/2 419) in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus.No vancomycin-resistant staphylococcal strain was found.ESBLs-producing strains accounted for 36.4％ (2 554/7 020) in E.coli and 24.5％(792/3 227) in Klebsiella isolates.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was 0.2％ (30/13 077).The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) was 16.0％ (500/3 116) and 53.9％ (827/1 533),respectively.The prevalence of penicillin-resistant S.pneumoniae (PRSP) strains was 10.1％ (142/1 404).Beta-lactamase was produced in 30.6％ (276/902) of the H.influenzae strains.The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) strains was 0.7％ (10/1 441).Conclusions Periodic surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is valuable for rational antimicrobial therapy,formulation of treatment guidelines and infection control and prevention measures,as well as preventing the spread of drug-resistant strains.

Objective To explore the influence of acupuncture point massage combined with limb function exercise on ankle brachial index (ABI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods According to scores by grace score scale, 180 CHD patients were divided into three groups: low risk group (n=58), moderate risk group (n=68) and high risk group (n=54). Within the three groups, the patients were divided into the experiment group and the control group by using the random digital table. The control group was treated with routine nursing intervention , while the experiment groups accepted acupuncture point massage and limb function exercise training on the basis of control groups. We collected the values of ABI and PWV at four points-in-time: before intervention, 7 days after intervention, 30 days after intervention and 90 days after intervention. Results Repeated measurement data analysis of the experiment group and control group suggested that:in the moderate and high risk groups, there was statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in the data at the four time points. There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in time and group interaction effect. The difference between the experiment group and control group was statistically significant (P<0.05). Repeated measurement data analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in ABI&PWV interaction effect at the four time points between the experiment group and control group. In the low-risk group,the differences in time points compared with the main effect were insignificant (all P>0.05). In comparison of main effect at all the four time points, there was significant different in the moderate and high risk group (P<0.05), And it suggested that time and group interaction, namely effect of time factor (1 d, 7 d, 30 d, 90 d), was not decided by the division of groups. In comparison of main effect, the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.01) in the moderate and high-risk group, which indicated the main effect (intervention) playing main role. However, there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) of ABI&PWV before and 90-days after intervention. Conclusion Acupuncture point massage combined with limb function exercise can effectively improve the peripheral artery blood supply in CHD patients, lower ABI and promote PWV.

OBJECTIVETo review the clinical features of a families affected with glutaric acidemia type I (GA-1) and screen potential mutations in glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) gene.

METHODSClinical data of the patients and their family members was analyzed. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. The 11 exons and flanking sequences of the GCDH gene were amplified with PCR and subjected to direct DNA sequencing.

RESULTSTwo patients have manifested macrocephaly. Imaging analysis revealed arachnoid cyst and subdural effusion. The elder sister had encephalopathy crisis. The younger sister had significantly raised glutaric acid, whilst the elder sister was normal during the non-acute phase. Genetic analysis has revealed a homozygous c.1244-2A> C mutation of the GCDH gene in both patients.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical features and mutation of the GCDH gene have been delineated in a Chinese family affected with GA-1. The c.1244-2A> C mutation may be particularly common in the Chinese population.

Adolescent ; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; diagnostic imaging ; enzymology ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Brain Diseases, Metabolic ; diagnostic imaging ; enzymology ; genetics ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Family Health ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase ; deficiency ; genetics ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mutation ; Radiography

OBJECTIVE: To detect potential variation in glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) gene among three Chinese families affected with glutaric acidemia type Ⅰ(GA-1) and correlate the genotypes with phenotypes. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples derived from three patients with GA-1 and their family members. The coding regions of the GCDH gene were amplified with PCR and subjected to Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The clinical manifestation of the patients varied from macrocephaly to severe encephalopathy, with notable phenotypic difference between siblings carrying the same variation. In pedigrees 1 and 2, the probands have carried compound heterozygous variations c.1133C>T(p.Ala378Val) and c.1244-2A>C, which were derived their fathers and mothers, respectively. In pedigree 3, the proband has carried compound heterozygous variation c.339delT (p.Tyr113) and c.406G>T (p.Gly136Cys). Among these, variations c.339delT and c.1133C>T were verified as novel by retrieval of dsSNP, HGMD and 1000 genome database. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that above variations can affect protein function and are probably pathogenic. CONCLUSION Above discovery has expanded the mutation spectrum of the GCDH gene. No correlation was found between the clinical phenotype and genotype of GA-1 patients.
Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Brain Diseases, Metabolic ; diagnosis ; genetics ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase ; deficiency ; genetics ; Humans ; Mutation

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol postconditioning on necroptosis during hy-poxia-reoxygenation (H∕R) injury in diabetic cardiomyocytes. Methods Normally cultured H9C2 cardio-myocytes were divided into 5 groups (n= 19 each) using a random number table: control group (group C), high glucose group (group HG), H∕R group, propofol postconditioning (group P) and solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control group (group DMSO). H9C2 cells were incubated for 48 h in DMEM culture medium containing 5. 5 and 25 mmol∕L glucose in group C and group HG, respectively. In group H∕R, H9C2 cells were incubated for 48 h in DMEM culture medium containing 25 mmol∕L glucose and then un-derwent H∕R. H9C2 cells were incubated for 48 h in DMEM culture medium containing 25 mmol∕L glucose and then underwent H∕R, and propofol at the final concentration of 50 μmol∕L was added at the onset of reoxygenation in group P. In group DMSO, H9C2 cells were incubated for 48 h in DMEM culture medium containing 25 mmol∕L glucose and then underwent H∕R, and DMSO at the final concentration of 150μmol∕L was added at the onset of reoxygenation. The model of cardiomyocyte H∕R injury was established by subjecting cardiomyocytes to 6 h of hypoxia followed by 12 h of reoxygenation. At 12 h of reoxygenation, the cell viability was measured by CCK8 assay, the product of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture medium was measured, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by flow cytometry, cardiomyo-cyte apoptosis was detected by TUNEL, and the expression of receptor-interacting protein 1 ( RIP1), RIP3, Bax, Bcl-2, activated caspase-3 and caspase-3 was determined by Western blot. The apoptotic rate and ratio of activated caspase-3∕caspase-3 were calculated. Results Compared with group C, the cell via-bility was significantly decreased, the product of LDH was increased, the level of ROS and apoptotic rate were increased, the expression of RIP1, RIP3 and Bax was up-regulated, the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated, and the ratio of activated caspase-3∕caspase-3 was increased in group HG ( P < 0. 05). Compared with group HG, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the product of LDH was increased, the level of ROS and apoptotic rate were increased, the expression of RIP1, RIP3 and Bax was up-regula-ted, the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated, and the ratio of activated caspase-3∕caspase-3 was in-creased in group H∕R (P<0. 05). Compared with group H∕R, the cell viability was significantly increased, the product of LDH was decreased, the level of ROS and apoptotic rate were decreased, the expression of RIP1, RIP3 and Bax was down-regulated, the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated, and the ratio of acti-vated caspase-3∕caspase-3 was decreased in group P (P<0. 05), and no significant change was found in the indexes mentioned above in group DMSO (P>0. 05). Conclusion The mechanism by which propofol post-conditioning ameliorates H∕R injury in diabetic cardiomyocytes may be related to inhibiting necroptosis.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical isolates in Dongguan Tungwah Hospital during 2016.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carded out for the clinical isolates collected from Dongguan Tungwah Hospital according to a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method or automated systems.Result were analyzed according to CLSI 2016 breakpoints.Results Of the 3 482 clinical isolates,gram positive cocci and gram negative bacilli accounted for 34.4％ (1 199/3 482) and 65.6％ (2 283/3 482),respectively.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was in 28.7％ (86/300) in S.aureus and 77.7％ (300/386) in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates.No staphylococcal strains were found resistant to vancomycin or linezolid.Overall,one E.faecium strain was identified as resistant to vancomycin by instrument method and confirmed by vancomycin E test.The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains was 59.6％ (337/565) in E.coli and 29.8％ (115/386) in Klebsiella spp.(K.pneumoniae and K.oxytoca).Enterobacteriaceae strains were still highly susceptible to carbapenems.Overall,0.4％ and 0.2％ of the Enterobacteriaceae strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.About 38.3％ and 36.9％ of Acinetobacter strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.Conclusions Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is most important and valuable for understanding the changing resistant pattern in local hospital and rational selection of antimicrobial agents.More attention should be paid to surveillance of antimicrobial resistance to avoid the spread of drug resistant strains.

Objective: To develop a model incorporating radiomic features and clinical factors to accurately predict acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcomes. Materials and Methods: Data from 522 AIS patients (382 male [73.2%]; mean age ± standard deviation, 58.9 ± 11.5 years) were randomly divided into the training (n = 311) and validation cohorts (n = 211). According to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 6 months after hospital discharge, prognosis was dichotomized into good (mRS ≤ 2) and poor (mRS > 2); 1310 radiomics features were extracted from diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient maps. The minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression method were implemented to select the features and establish a radiomics model. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the clinical factors and construct a clinical model. Ultimately, a multivariable logistic regression analysis incorporating independent clinical factors and radiomics score was implemented to establish the final combined prediction model using a backward step-down selection procedure, and a clinical-radiomics nomogram was developed. The models were evaluated using calibration, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and decision curve analyses. Results: Age, sex, stroke history, diabetes, baseline mRS, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and radiomics score were independent predictors of AIS outcomes. The area under the ROC curve of the clinical-radiomics model was 0.868 (95% confidence interval, 0.825–0.910) in the training cohort and 0.890 (0.844–0.936) in the validation cohort, which was significantly larger than that of the clinical or radiomics models. The clinical radiomics nomogram was well calibrated (p > 0.05). The decision curve analysis indicated its clinical usefulness. Conclusion The clinical-radiomics model outperformed individual clinical or radiomics models and achieved satisfactory performance in predicting AIS outcomes.