Objective To investigate the anti -inflammatory effects of combination of sinomenine and meth-otrexate on adjuvant arthritis (AA)in rats.Methods Rats were randomly divided into the model group,the sinomen-ine group(SIN):intragastric administration of the sinomenine,the methotrexate group(MTX),methotrexate combined with sinomenine(SIN +MTX).Another 12 rats were assigned as blank control group,gavage volume of saline.The arthritis index and the paws swelling were recorded,and the levels of IL -1β,TNF -αin serum were determined by ELISA.Results (1)Compared with the normal group,the arthritis index and the paws swelling were increased signif-icantly in the model group(all P <0.05).The serum levels of IL -1βand TNF -αwere also increased significantly in the model group(all P <0.05).(2)The combination treatment provided a dramatically inhibitory effect on second-ary reaction of AA,and the serum levels of IL -1βand TNF -αwere significantly decreased;(3)The combined med-icine group could not only control inflammation,but also effectively protect the bones by reducing the generating of osteoclasts.Conclusion The combined medicine group of sinomenine and methotrexate can suppress AA rats'sec-ondary arthrocele and its arthritis index score.In this way,the arthritis symptom of AA rat is relieved,the levels of TNF -αand IL -1 in serum are reduced.In a word,compared with using sinomenine alone,the medicine combination of sinomenine and methotrexate has better therapeutical effect on RA.

OBJECTIVETo delineate the clinical features and potential mutation of the ATP7A gene in a family affected with Menkes disease.

METHODSClinical data of a patient and his family members were analyzed. Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assays were performed to detect the mutation of the ATP7A gene.

RESULTSThe patient was admitted at the age of 5 months due to severe epilepsy and marked delayed psychomotor development. Significantly light complexion, pudgy cheeks and sparse fuzzy wooly hair were noted. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and angiography revealed cortical atrophy, leukoencephalopathy and circuitous of intracranial vessels. The plasma ceruloplasmin was decreased. MLPA has identified a deletion spanning exons 8 to 12 of the ATP7A gene. His mother was found to be a heterozygous carrier of the same mutation.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical features and a novel mutation of the ATP7A gene of the family have been delineated.

Adenosine Triphosphatases ; genetics ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; China ; Copper-transporting ATPases ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome ; genetics ; Mutation ; Pedigree

In this study,the current status for breast diseases in a region with high-incidence of cervical cancer were epidemiologically investigated.From March to August,2009,17618 women,from Wufeng area of Hubei province,China,were recruited to screen breast diseases by using breast infrared diagnostic apparatus.Other diagnostic methods,such as B-mode ultrasound,X-ray mammography,needle biopsy and pathological examination were,if necessary,used to further confirm the diagnosis.The screening showed that 5990 of 17618 cases (34.00％) had breast diseases,5843 (33.16％) had mammary gland hyperplasia,48 (0.27％) had breast fibroadenoma,ll (0.06％) had breast carcinoma,and 88 (0.50％) had other breast diseases.The peak morbidity of breast cancer was found in the women aged 50-0 ages.The morbidity of breast cancer was significantly increased in women elder than or equal to 50 years old (n=8,0.157％) in comparison with that in the subjects younger than 50 years old (n=3,0.024％) (u=2.327,P＜0.05).It was shown that the occurrence of breast diseases was concentrated in women aged 20-40 years,while the total morbidity reached its peak at the age of 30 years and then decreased sharply after age of 40.Compared with the patients elder than or equal to 40 years old (n=3289,27.46％),the morbidity rate of breast diseases was significantly increased in women less than 40 years old (2648 cases,47.18％; P＜0.001).However,there was no significant difference in the morbidity of breast diseases between the age group of 20-29 years and that of 30-39 years (P=0.453),and both of them were high.There was no significant association between the morbidity of breast diseases and cervical cancer.Since the morbidity of breast diseases was higher among young women,more attention should be paid to the screening of breast diseases among young women for early diagnosis.