Objective To study the effect of Rhubarb as a supplemental emergency treatment for acute omethoate Poisoning (AOMP). Methods 80 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: slight intoxication group, severe intosieation group, therapeutial group of Rhubarb after severe intoxication and normal control group. The intoxication experimental model (one slight group, two severe groups) were made by intragastrically given at different dose of Omethoate. The severe group was received Rhubarb treatment. Results The rats action in Rhubarb treated group was significantly better than that in control group, and the level of cholinesterase (ChE) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum st different time were significantly higher than those in other two intoxication groups. (P<0. 05 or P <0.01).Conclusions Rhubarb might be good for AOMP as a supple mental emergency therapy.

The distribution of the ACTH_(1-39)-immunoreactive neurons in the hypotha- lamus of 4 human adults was examined with ABC immunocytochemical method. The results showed that in addition to ACTH_(1-39)-immunoreactive neurons found in the infundibular nucleus of the hypothalamus which were identical with the previous reports, negafivt ACTH_(1-39)immunoreactive neurons were also found in paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. These cell bodies were round or elliptic in shape. More negative ACTH_(1-39)immunoreactive fibers were seen in the periventricular layer, paraventricular nucleus and dorsal area of supraoptic nucleus.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of maternal low-level decabromodiphenyl( BDE209) exposure on nervous system and secretion of thyroid hormones in offspring mice. METHODS: Sixty-four specific pathogen free female,aged 4 weeks Kunming mice were used. These mice were randomly divided into control group and low,medium and high exposure groups after successful mating was confirmed. The rats of control group were fed with 0. 01 L/kg body mass of peanut oil.The maternal mice in the experimental groups were given BDE209 at doses of 50,100 and 300 μg/kg body mass by oral gavage once per day. Continuous exposure was given until 21 days after birth of offspring,the exposure model from gestation to lactation was established. At the end of the exposure,10 mice of each group including half female and half male were randomly selected and the body mass and growth development status were observed. Morris water maze was used to examine the learning and memory ability in offspring mice. The serum levels of total triiodothyronine( TT3),free triiodothyronine( FT3), total tetraiodothyronine( TT4) and free tetraiodothyronine( FT4) were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. The levels of glutathione transferase( GST), superoxide dismutase( SOD) and malondialdehyde( MDA) level in hippocampus were measured by colorimetry. RESULTS: The escape latency of the medium exposure group was longer than that of the control group( P < 0. 05). The escape latency of high exposure group was longer than that of control group,low exposure group and medium exposure group( P < 0. 05). The time of quadrant movement and number of crossing the platform in offspring rats in high exposure group were less than that of the control group and the low and medium exposure groups( P < 0. 05). The serum levels of TT3,FT3,TT4 and FT4 increased,the activities of GST and SOD in hippocampus tissue decreased,the MDA level increased with the increasing exposure dose( P < 0. 05).CONCLUSION: Maternal low-level BDE209 exposure can result in decrease the learning and memory ability of offspring mice. It also can increase the serum thyroid hormone level and induce oxidative stress injury in hippocampus in a dose dependent manner in offspring mice.

OBJECTIVETo detect disease-causing mutations in a patient with hereditary elliptocytosis.

METHODSSodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to identify the type of erythrocyte membrane protein defect. Potential mutations of the exons and adjacent introns of relevant genes were analyzed by Sanger sequencing.

RESULTSSDS-PAGE has failed to detect any difference between the patient and healthy controls. However, Sanger sequencing has detected three mutations in the SPTA1 gene in the patient, which included c.5077A>C (p.Lys1693Gln) missense mutation in exon 36, c.5572C>G (p.Leu1858Val) missense mutation in exon 40, and a IVS45nt-12C>T in intron 45. The father and grandmother of the patient were both heterozygous for c.5077A>C mutation, while her mother was heterozygous for c.5572C>G and IVS45nt-12C>T mutations.

CONCLUSIONThe hereditary elliptocytosis in the patient may be attributed to the synergistic action of c.5077A>C, c.5572C>G and IVS45nt-12C>T mutations of the SPTA1 gene.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen on the scar formation at the rabbit ears at an early stage.

METHODS16 New Zealand rabbits were used to establish the hypertrophic scar model on the ears, 4 wounds on each ear. The rabbits were randomly divided into hyperbaric group(n = 8) and control group (n = 8). The rabbits in the hyperbaric group received hyperbaric oxygen treatment, inhaling oxygen for 1 hour daily under 2ATA circumstance until the wounds were healed. The wound healing and the scar size, thickness, color and hardness in the ears were recorded. After healing, the scar was taken for histologic study with HE staining, Masson staining and trinitrophenol sirius red staining.

RESULTSIn hyperbaric oxygen group, the healing time of 64 wounds was (16.7 +/- 1.8) d, while it was (20.2 +/- 2.3) d in the control group, suggesting a significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of hyperplastic scar was lower (38/64, 59. 4% ) in hyperbaric oxygen group than that (52/ 64, 81.2%) in control group with significant difference between them (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the hyperbaric oxygen group had thicker corium layer and less fibroblasts, well-arranged but rare collagen and less collagen nodus and vortex-like structure under microscope. The hyperplastic index of scar was 3.48 +/- 0.94 in hyperbaric oxygen group and 4.65 +/- 0.76 in control group respectively (P < 0.01). The density of fibroblast in two groups were 186.5 +/- 27.3 (hyperbaric oxygen group) and 246 +/- 41.6 (control group) with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the area density of collagen fiber were (31.42 +/- 5.36)% in hyperbaric group and (43.62 +/- 7.36)% in control group (P < 0.05). The amount of collagen I and III was (71.42 +/- 5.36)% and (28.58 +/- 5.36)% in hyperbaric oxygen group, (62.46 +/- 7.32)% and (37.54 +/- 7.32)% in control group (P < 0.05). The ratio of collagen I to III was 2.499 in hyperbaric oxygen group, which was similar to the ratio (4:1) in normal skin, compared with the control group (1.664).

CONCLUSIONSThe hyperbaric oxygen can promote wound healing and effectively inhibit the early hyperplastic scar in rabbits ears.

Animals ; Cicatrix ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ear ; pathology ; Female ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Male ; Rabbits ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of early scar through observing the effect of feeding immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide on rabbit ears hypertrophic scar tissue in early stage.

METHODSThirty-two Rabbit ears were used to establish animal models for hypertrophic scar and randomly divided into four groups: group of distilled water (A), group of cyclophosphamide 5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) (B), group of 10 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) (C), group of 30 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) (D). Before animal models were built and after administration for 14 days, 28 days, leukocytes and lymphocytes were detected. After 28 days, specimens were harvested and underwent HE staining and VG staining in order to assess HI, NA, AA value changes. The data (HI, NA, AA) from each group were compared by analysis of variance, and the variance for the rank sum test when missing.

RESULTSOn the 14th day, the number of leukocytes in group A, B, C, D were (8.62 +/- 0.58) x 10(9)/L, (4.48 +/- 0.41) x 10(9)/L, (2.7 +/- 0.26) x 10(9)/L, (1.33 +/- 0.27) x 10(9)/L; the number of lymphocytes in group A, B, C, D were (3.11 +/- 0.21) x 10(9)/L, (1.67 +/- 0.16) x 10(9)/L, (0.42 +/- 0.10) x 10(9)/L, (0.40 +/- 0.09) x 10(9)/L. On the 28th day, the number of leukocytes in group A, B, C, D was (8.63 +/- 0.53) x 10(9)/L, (5.10 +/- 0.27) x 10(9)/L, (3.10 +/- 0.26) x 10(9)/L, (1.98 +/- 0.20) x 10(9)/L; the number of lymphocytes A, B, C, D was (3.06 +/- 0.16) x 10(9)/L, (2.08 +/- 0.14) x 10(9)/L, (0.96 +/- 0.19) x 10(9)/L, (0.14 +/- 0.07) x 10(9)/L. On the 14th day and 28th day, the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes in experimental groups was reduced, showing a negative relation with cyclophosphamide dose (P < 0.05). The HI in group of A, B, C, D was 3.02 +/- 0.24, 2.59 +/- 0.43, 2.06 +/- 0.19, 1.63 +/- 0.11; the AA was 40.49 +/- 2. 07, 35.29 +/- 1.99, 28.36 +/- 1.87, 24.99 +/- 1.82; the NA was 4570.5 +/- 259.3, 4222.5 +/- 199.6, 3540.3 +/- 170.3, 3341.4 +/- 228.8. The difference in HI, AA, NA between control group and any of the experimental groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Each group, with the dose increased, except NA content of group C and D, the HI, AA, NA was more smaller, negative correlation, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFeeding cyclophosphamide can inhibit leukocytes and lymphocytes number, so as to inhibit the proliferative activity of hypertrophic scar. It has significant effect on prevention of hypertrophic scar on rabbit ears in early stage.

Animals ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Cyclophosphamide ; pharmacology ; Ear ; pathology ; Female ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; drug effects ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Male ; Rabbits

Objective: To investigate the current status of HIV-related stigma among college students in Guilin,and to explore the impact of perspective-taking and empathy on HIV-related stigma among college students. Methods: The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select college students from 4 universities in Guilin city. Stratified randomization was used to assign all subjects into a control group (410) and an experimental group (396) for randomized controlled trials,and the HIV-related Stigma Questionnaire and the Basic Empathy Scale were used before and after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention of perspective-taking,there were no statistically significant differences between two groups in subscale scores and total scores of HIV-related stigma (t=0.80，0.35，-0.62，-0.10，P>0.05); However, signiticant differences in subscale scores and total score in HIV-related stigma were found after intervention (t=3.53，2.21，2.30，3.98，P<0.05). There was no statistically singnificant in the scores of all dimensions of empathy level and the total score before the intervention (t=0.10,-0.27,-0.08,P>0.05), dimensional score and total score in empathy were statistically significant after intervention (t=-2.15，-3.06，P<0.05). Empathy played an intermediary role of 14.08% between opinion selection and HIV stigma. Conclusion HIV-related stigma exists among college students in Guilin,and perspective-taking intervention effectively reduces its AIDS stigma. Empathy plays an intermediary role between them.

OBJECTIVE: To study and evaluate the feasibility and effect of the treatment for juvenile recurrent laryngeal papilloma by nasal endoscopy electric suction cutting and laser surgery. METHOD: The clinical data of 26 cases with juvenile recurrent laryngeal papilloma from 2002-2007 years were retrospectively analyzed. Six cases were treated by electric suction cutting under nasal endoscopy, 20 cases were treated by electric suction cutting under nasal endoscopy and synergizing laser, and postoperative wound with sodium hyaluronate gel treatment. RESULT: The juvenile recurrent laryngeal papilloma were only operated by electric suction cutting with nasal endoscopy, laryngeal papilloma relapsed with fibrolaryngoscope examination at 4 weeks after operation, and were operated again during 2 to 3 months. The juvenile recurrent laryngeal papilloma were treated by electric suction cutting synergies laser treatment with the help of nasal endoscopy, and they were also treated repeatedly with laser at 2 or 3 weeks after operation. Sixteen cases cured perfectly with no reappearance after an 3 to 8 years follow up, and the other 4 cases showed the prolongation of recurrence interval. CONCLUSION Electric suction synergy laser treatment could effectively reduce the recurrence of the laryngeal papilloma, and it also needs laser treatment several times after operation to improve the treatment effect. The sodium hyaluronate gel is adopted on the wound of vocal cords, it can avoid the vocal cords scar and adhesion, and improve the quality of pronunciation. Some patients can be cured by this treatment method, and it should be advocated in the clinical work.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Laser Therapy ; Male ; Microsurgery ; Papilloma ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To evaluate the effects of ulinastatin on hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation ( HS∕R)?induced acute lung injury in rats. Methods Fifteen SPF adult Sprague?Dawley rats, aged 2-3 months, weighing 300-400 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=5 each) using a random number table:sham operation group ( group S ) , HS∕R group and ulinastatin group ( group U ) . Carotid arteries were cannulated for blood pressure monitoring and blood?letting. HS∕R was induced by blood?letting and maintained for 1 h, followed by resuscitation with autologous blood transfusion and infusion of normal saline. After cannulation of carotid arteries ( T0 ) , at 5 min after hemorrhagic shock ( T1 ) , before resuscitation ( T2 ) , at 5 min after the expected blood pressure was achieved following resuscitation ( T3 ) , and at 30 min, 1?5 h and 2?5 h after resuscitation ( T4?6 ) , arterial blood samples were collected for determination of interleukin?6 ( IL?6 ) and tumor necrosis factor?α ( TNF?α) concentrations ( by enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay) . Arterial blood samples were collected at T0 , T2 and T6 for blood gas analysis. The pH value, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide ( PaCO2 ) , HCO-3 and base excess ( BE) value were recorded, and oxygenation index ( PaO2∕FiO2 ) was calculated. Lungs were removed at T6 , and pulmonary specimens were obtained for examination of pathological changes which were scored, and nucleus was extracted for determination of nuclear factor?kappa B ( NF?κB ) p65 expression by enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with group S, the pH values, HCO-3 , BE values and OI were significantly decreased, and PaCO2 , plasma IL?6 and TNF?α concentrations, expression of NF?κB p65 in lung tissues, and pathological scores were increased in U and HS∕R groups. Compared with group HS∕R, the plasma concentrations of IL?6 and TNF?α, expression of NF?κB p65 in lung tissues, and pathological scores were significantly decreased, and no significant changes were found in parameters of blood gas analysis in group U. Conclusion Although ulinastatin can alleviate HS∕R?induced acute lung injury, it is insufficient to improve lung oxygenation in rats.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical experience of surgical treatment of primary malignant tumors of the trachea and main bronchus.

METHODSThe clinicopathological data of 18 patients with primary malignant tumors of the trachea and main bronchus surgically treated from February 1994 to August 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. The surgical management included sleeve tracheal resection in 8 cases, lower trachea and carina resection with carina reconstruction in 4 cases, local enucleation of the tumor in 4 cases, left or right carino-pneumonectomy and carina reconstruction in 2 cases, and resection of the tracheal or bronchial tumor and reconstruction of the airway under cardiopulmonary bypass in 6 cases.

RESULTSAmong the 18 cases, there were 7 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 9 squamous cell carcinomas, 1 lymphoepithelial-like carcinoma and 1 follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. All the cases recovered well except one who died of endotracheal bleeding and asphyxia at the 10(th) postoperative day.

CONCLUSIONSurgical resection is the most effective treatment for primary malignant tumors of the trachea and main bronchus. The selection of operation modes should be individualized according to patients' condition. Both complete resection and safety should be taken into consideration simultaneously.

Adult ; Aged ; Bronchial Neoplasms ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Tracheotomy ; methods ; Young Adult