Long noncoding RNAs ( lncRNAs ) are transcribed RNA molecules greater than 200 nucleotides in length. In recent years, studies have shown that lncRNAs have many important bi-ological functions. With the development of modern biological technology, lncRNAs transcripts can be easily detected and pre-dicted. However, unlike protein-coding genes whose sequence motifs usually have indicative function, lncRNA sequence infor-mation is currently uninformative for function prediction. Thus, how to decode the function of lncRNAs has gradually become a hot issue in genome research. The paper summarizes the studies regarding the methods to probe the function of lncRNAs.

Objective: To evaluate an innovative surgical approach for submandibular gland resection with minimal invasive incision. Methods:With cutaneous incision of 30 mm in the submandibular area, six patients with chronic sialadenitis of submandibular gland were treated with this approach. Anterior facial vein and facial artery were maintained without ligation. Results:The operation time is ranged from 40 to 80 minutes. There were no facial nerve injuries. Furthermore, the surgical stigmata was minimized. Conclusion:The modified minimal incision for submandibular gland resection has less wound and better cosmesis.

ObjectiveTo set up the new lab examination method for 1p, 19q and 10q loss of heterozygosity(LOH) in glioma.MethodsThirty-eight cases of oligodendroglioma were enrolled into the study. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite analysis was performed on tumor tissues in order to study the status of chromosomes 1p, 19q and 10q.ResultsAmong the 38 cases of oligodendroglioma, 25 cases (65.7%) showed 1p LOH, 26 cases (68.4%) showed 19q LOH, while 5 cases (13.2%) showed 10q LOH.ConclusionReal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based microsatellite analysis is a rapid and specific for detecting LOH in glioma tissues.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Jianpi Yiqi Qingyou decoction on lymphocyte subsets and IL-2 mRNA in gastric tissue in rats with chronic superficial gastritis.

METHODWistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (11 for each): a blank control groups, the model of the control groups, the treatment groups (low-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine, moderate-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine, high-dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine) and lansoprazole groups. The models were made with the method in reference except a blank control groups. These rats are drinking freely with 0. 02% ammonia, continuous 90 days, and made preparations for experimental animal model of superficial gastritis. Making the model were detected by HE dying. The count of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. Using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the expression levels of IL-2 mRNA in gastric tissue were quantified.

RESULTCompared with that in model groups, the content of CD3+ T cells and CD4+ T cells in gastric tissue obviously increased in high dose of traditional Chinese medicine groups , the content of CD8+ T cells in gastric tissue obviously decreased in high dose of traditional Chinese medicine groups and the difference was significant (P < 0.01). The expression levels of IL-2 mRNA in gastric tissue obviously increased in moderate and high doses of traditional Chinese medicine groups, and the difference was significant compared with that in model group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONJianpi Yiqi Qingyou decoction can obviously improve the content of CD3+ T cells and CD4+ T cells and the expression levels of IL-2 mRNA, decrease the content of CD8+ T cells in gastric tissue, improve immunity of rats. So the research results can provide some evidences for the treatment for chronic superficial gastritis.

Animals ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gastritis ; genetics ; immunology ; pathology ; Interleukin-2 ; genetics ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Stomach ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of storage lesion in apheresis platelets on platelet apoptosis and the changes of aggregation function, and analyze the relationships between the apoptosis and aggregation function.

METHODSPlatelet samples were collected from 10 healthy donors with O blood group. Firstly, the effects of storage lesion in platelets on the platelet apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Then, using a multiplate analyzer, individual-donor Plt aggregation response to stimulation by the agonists ADP, Collagen, TRAP and ASPI was examined. Finally, the relationships between its apoptosis and aggregation function was analyzed by correlation regression analysis.

RESULTSBy flow cytometry it was found that with the prolonging of storage time, the apoptosis ratio of platelets significantly increased in a time-dependent manner, the apoptosis rates of platelets on 2nd, 5th and 8th day were (2.87±0.31)%, (11.08±1.54)% and (27.99±2.76)% respectively (P<0.01). Compared with Day 2 platelets, the d 5 platelets stored for 5 d significantly decrease the aggregation response to stimnlation of collagen, TRAP, and ASPI. Compared with platelets stored for 5 d, platelets stored for 8 d significantly decreased the aggregation response to stimnlation of collagen, TRAP and ASPI (P<0.01). However, when stimulated by ADP, the aggregation response was similar among Day 2, Day 5 and Day 8 platelets. The rate of the aggregation function was also declined significantly when stimulated by collagen, TRAP, and ASPI, but not ADP. Further regression analysis showed that the aggregation function of apheresis platelet negatively correlated with the apoptosis (r=-0.9497, r=-0.9527, r= -0.9707 and r= -0.9352 respectively), and the correlation is very strong.

CONCLUSIONWith the prolonging of storage time, the apoptosis ratio in platelets significantly increased. The aggregation function also is declined significantly when stimulated by collagen, TRAP, and ASPI, but not ADP. The aggregation function of apheresis platelets closly correlats with the apoptosis.

AIMTo study the relationship between resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS) and the formation of association nanoparticle, and to develop a new and sensitive RRS method for the determination of trace berberine (BB).

METHODSThe association nanoparticle between BB and tetraphenylboron (TPB) was investigated by means of RRS, absorption spectral method and transmission electron microscope (TEM).

RESULTSIn pH 5.0 NaAc-HAc buffer solution, BB and TPB combine to BB-TPB association complex. The association complexes aggregate to (BB-TPB)n association nanoparticles, due to the strong hydrophobic force and Van der Waals force. It exhibits a resonance Rayleigh scattering peak at 470 nm, a maximum absorption peak at 368 nm. A new RRS method was proposed for the determination of 0.06 to 5.28 mg.L-1 BB in real samples with satisfactory results. The detection limit is 26 micrograms.L-1.

CONCLUSIONThe TEM of (BBjAgp-TPBj + p)h composite association nanoparticles was observed by means of composite association nanoreaction both TPB- and BB+ or Ag+. The results indicated that the formation of (BB-TPB)n association nanoparticles and interface of solid-liquid results in the enhanced resonance light-scattering. This new RRS method showed high sensitivity, and had been successfully applied to the determination of BB in real samples.

Berberine ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Drug Carriers ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Nanotechnology ; Scattering, Radiation ; Spectrum Analysis ; Tablets ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Tetraphenylborate ; chemistry

The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) is located in 100-200kb region of the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) on chromosome 19. KIR, mainly expresses on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells, is divided into inhibitory and activated receptor in function. Tumor cells could evade the killing of NK cells by regulating down the expression of HLA molecules on the cell surface. KIR molecules regulate the killing effect of NK cells by combining with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) to conduct inhibitory and active signals. In recent years, KIR and its immune regulation on tumors have become a research hotspot. The article reviews the research progress of KIR and its association with tumors, especially the correlation between KIR and high incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Guangdong and Guangxi of China.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of quercetin on the apoptosis of platelets and to analyze the intrinsic mechanism. METHODS: Firstly, the effects of quecetin on the apoptosis of platelets was detected by flow cytometry. Secondly, Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in the platelets treated with quercetin for 2 and 4 day. RESULTS: By flow cytometry, it was found that the apoptosis of platelets in the quercetin-treated group (2, 4 and 8 μmol/L) was inhibited, the apoptosis rate of platelets in 2, 4 and 8 μmol/L quercetin group was 3.12%±0.32%, 2.89%±0.15% and 2.31%±0.28%, respectively, which were signigicantly lover than that in control group (P＜0.01). With the increase of quecetin concentration, the proportion ratio of platelets significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner（r=-0.9985）. Similar results were observed on the 4th day. Western blot showed that the treatment with quercetin (2, 4 and 8 μmol/L) promoted the expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, inhibited the expression of pro-apoptotic protein BAX, resulting in a significant increase in the ratio of BCL-2/BAX (P＜0.01), thereby inhibiting the apoptosis of platelets. Similar results were observed on the 4th day. CONCLUSION Quercetin can inhibit platelet apoptosis by increasing the ratio of apoptosis-related protein BCL-2/BAX in a concentration-dependent manner.
Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Blood Platelets ; Quercetin

To set the cultivation goal with adaptation to rural order-oriented medical students, the teaching mode of Human Parasitology was reformed in the context of curriculum ideological and political education. The new teaching mode not only enables students to harvest medical knowledge during the school education stage, but also plays a guiding role in cultivation of humanistic qualities and professional spirit, which provides a basis for cultivating general practitioners serving for grassroots healthcare.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of a combination of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced MR T₁ mapping and liver volume to standard liver volume ratio in quantitative assessment of liver function. Methods: Eighty patients who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MR T₁ mapping were prospectively enrolled, and the Child-Pugh score and the model for end-stage liver (MELD) score were evaluated and grouped. Patients were divided into three groups according Child-pugh score as follows: normal liver function (NLF, n=26), liver cirrhosis with Child-Pugh A (LCA,n=30), liver cirrhosis with Child-Pugh B+C (LCB+LCC, n=24), and were also divided into two groups according MELD, MELD≤8 (n=57) and MELD≥9 (n=23). Variable flip angle T₁ mapping sequences were performed before and 20 minutes after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration. T_1pre, T_{1 post} were measured on T₁ maps and ΔT₁ were calculated. The images of hepatobiliary phase were transferred to the workstation to measure liver volume (LV). Standard liver volume (SLV) were calculated with the heights and weights of patients, and then liver volume to standard liver volume ratio (LV/SLV) was calculated. One-way ANOVA was used to compared the indexes (T_1post, T_{1 post}×LV/SLV, ΔT₁, ΔT₁×LV/SLV) in different liver function groups of NLF,LCA,LCB+LCC. The t tests were used to compare the indexes (T_1post, T_1post×LV/SLV, ΔT₁, ΔT₁×LV/SLV) in MELD≤8 and MELD≥9 groups. ROC curve analysis was used to compare the diagnostic performance of T_1post, T_1post×LV/SLV, ΔT₁, ΔT₁×LV/SLV. Results: T_1post, T_1post×LV/SLV, ΔT₁, ΔT₁×LV/SLV showed significant difference between different liver function groups (P<0.05). All the indexes can distinguish different groups. Multiplied by LV/SLV,the AUC of ΔT₁×LV/SLV were 0.902 in the MELD≤8 and MELD≥9,which was slightly higher than that of ΔT₁ (AUC=0.886). The AUCs of ΔT₁×LV/SLV were 0.771, 1.000, 0.924 in the NLF and LCA, NLF and LCB+LCC, LCA and LCB+LCC groups, which were slightly higher than that of ΔT₁ (0.764, 0.992, 0.904). The AUCs of T_1post, T_1post×LV/SLV were 0.824, 0.789 in the MELD≤8 and MELD≥9, respectively. The AUCs of T_1post in the NLF and LCA, NLF and LCB+LCC, LCA and LCB+LCC groups were 0.713,0.987,0.915, respectively, and the AUCs of T_1post×LV/SLV were 0.687,0.973,0.871.The AUCs of T_1post×LV/SLV had a slightly lower AUC amongthe different liver function groups than T_1post. Conclusion Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI T₁ mapping is useful for estimating liver function. T₁ relaxation times and reduction rates of T₁ relaxation times with a combination of the LV/SLV may more reliably estimate liver function.