Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of primary small intestinal tumor(PSIT). Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathological data of the 31 PSIT cases was made. Results Duodenum was the most common site 67.74% for PSIT. The confirmed diagnosis rate was 54.84%(17/31)(duodenum was 66.67%,14/21; ileum and jejunum was 30%, 3/10, respectively ). 3 cases were benign tumors and 28 were malignant tumors.The adenocarcinoma was the most frequently seen malignant PSIT followed by lymphoma and often in duodenal. The features of the small intestinal tumor could be abdominal pain,abdominal mass,hemorrhage,obstruction,jaundice and fever.The chief method for diagnose was barium meal X-ray examination, especially with the hypotonic contrast X-ray examination and endoscopy.Superior mesenteric arteriography sometimes helped in determing site of gastrointestinal haemorrhage. CT scan could be helpful in diagnosis. Conclusion Duodenal adenocarcinoma is most common PSIT,followed by malignant lymphoma.Endoscopy is the best way to find out the tumor located in duodenum and hypotonic contrast X-ray examination is effective in diagnosis and locating of small bowl tumors.Superior mesenteric arteriography is a good way to find out angioma and leiomyoma. CT scanning are also helpful.

Chemotherapy for lung cancer is expected to prolong the survival of lung cancer patients. multidrug resistance is considered to be a major cause of failure of treatment. Many multidrug resistance mechanisms have contributed to lung cancer drug resistance, such as P glycoprotein (P gp), multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP), lung resistance related protein (LRP). The drug efflux pump mechanisms are the focus of recent researches.

The number of taking the Examination of Doctor Qualification is rising,while the pass rate is dropping each year.This status has undoubtedly made a big challenge for clinical teaching,and how to improve the effects of clinical lessons has become an important topic for the clinical teachers.The Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital of the Third Military Medical University has made some new changes in clinical teaching mode,which has a study clue of organ and system.Those methods give much help for students to pass the Examination of Doctor Qualification.

Objective To discuss peer education on the rehabilitation in schizophrenia recovery.Methods According to the order of admission,108 cases of hospitalized recovery of schizophrenia patients were divided into observation group and control group,each group in 54cases.The observation group received psychiatric conventional treatment and care at the same time add peer educations,the control group only accepted psychiatric conventional treatment and care.The observation group was given for a period of 20 weeks peer education.The nurse brief mental scale (N -BPRS),self -knowledge and treatment attitude questionnaire scale (ITAQ)were assessed in the two groups at the beginning,10 weeks,20 weeks.Results The difference of N -BPRS score between the two groups was not statistically significant (t =0.191,P =0.850).In the observation group,the scores had significant differences between 10 weeks and 20 weeks peer education (t =2.757,P =0.069;t =4.000,P =0.000).The ITAQ scores of the observation group at the beginning,20 weeks peer education were (11.22 ±3.55)points,(17.22 ±4.31)points, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01).In control group,ITAQ scores before and after treatment were (10.84 ±5.19)points,(13.12 ±6.12)points,the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05).Conclusion Schizophrenia convalescence patients accept peer education is helpful to rehabilitation.

Objective　To establish a multidrug resistance cell line from human lung adenocarcinoma. Methods　The human lung adenocarcinoma cell line SPC-A-1 was exposed to cisplatin of a high and then increasing concentration for 192 d to establish multidrug resistance cell line (SPC-A-1/CDDP). The relative resistance was tested with MTT assay. The morphology of the cells was observed with transmission and scanning electron microscopy and the chromosome of them was analyzed with Giemsa stained specimens. Results　The resistance index of SPC-A-1/CDDP cells to cisplatin was 11.2 and the cells showed various cross-resistance to 5-Fu, doxorubicin, mitomycin, vincristine and etoposide, but not to hydroxycamptothecine. Electron microscopy showed the cells with irregular and enlarged nuclei and abundant microvilli. Conclusion　A multidrug resistance cell line (SPC-A-1/CDDP) from human lung adenocarcinoma is established. It can be used to downstream experiment.

Objective To investigate the expression alteration and significance of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)by GWAS(Genome-wide association study)between Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and its adjacent normal esophageal tissues. Methods lncRNA and mRNA differential expression in 6 pairs of ESCC and matched non-cancerous tissues were screened by microarray assay. The target genes were predicted. Finally , GO(Gene Ontology)and Pathway analysis was used for the further research of lncRNA. Results A total of 680 lncRNA and 1472mRNA were differentially expressed at more than two-fold change(P ≤ 0.05,with 161lncRNA and 653mRNA up-regulated,519lncRNA and 819mRNA down-regulated between ESCC and its adjacent normal esophageal tissues. Gene ontology and pathway analysis results suggested that the differentially expressed genes were involved in 11 pathways.Theyare potentially associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ,including post-translational protein modification ,mucin type O-Glycan biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism pathways , which mainly related to the changes of molecular function ,cellular components and biological processes. Through cis and trans analysis,a total of 15 differentially expressed lncRNA had cis-and/or trans-regulated target genes in the database,with 13 lncRNA had cis-regulated target genes,3 lncRNA had trans-regulated target genes,and 1 lncRNA had both cis- and trans-regulated target genes. Conclusion Compared with adjacent normal tissues ,a large number of lncRNA were expressed differentially in ESCC in Xinjiang Han people.Aberrantly expressed lncRNA may play important roles in ESCC development and progression through some signaling pathways ,which are of great significance for further search of new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ESCC.

Objective To detect the sera anti-enteric neuronal antibodies ( AENA ) in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea ( IBS-D) patients and analyzed its correlation with IBS-D symptoms to explore the potential roles of AENA in the pathogenesis of IBS.Methods IBS-D patients diagnosed with RomeⅢdiagnostic criteria were en-rolled in this study.The sera of healthy subjects were used as controls.Indirect immunofluorescence ( IIF) was used to detect the sera AENA with the substrate of ileal submucosal plexus of guinea pig .The immune reactivity ( IR) stains were read in blinded method .The bowel symptoms of patients with positive AENA were compared to thatwithnegativeandweeklypositiveantibodies.Results 1)Atotalof127IBS-Dpatientswereenrolledinthis study.The positive rate of sera AENA was 85.8%in IBS-D patients, and 7.0%in healthy controls.Among 109 IBS-D patients with positive IIF reactivity , 23.6%present with strong positive , 43.3% with positive and 18.9%with weakly positive stain .The IR patterns included cytoplasm staining , nucleus staining , cytoplasms and nuclei staining , nuclear membrane staining , cytoplasm and nuclear membrane staining .Six positive sera of healthy control showed cytoplasm staining to substrate neurons .2 ) More patients of IBS-D with positive IR had higher intestinal symptoms scores (>10 scores, 58.8%vs 38.1%), frequent abdominal pain in non-defecation period (91.7%vs 60.0%) , and severe abdominal pain/discomfort before defecation ( 24.7% vs 9.5%) comparing to those with negative and weekly positive IR of AENA;IBS-D patients with positive IR of AENA are more commonly associated with urgency comparing to those with negative IR in IIF (57.1%vs 87.3 ) .Conclusions AENA may play a role in the pathogenesis of IBS , and is a potential biomarker of IBS-D.

Objective To analyze the correlation between miR-31 and ESCC in expression of miR-31 in the plasma of ESCC in Xinjiang Kazak and Han nationality patients. Methods The plasma samples were collected respectively from patients with ESCC in 20 cases and healthy subjects in 20 cases. The relatively expression of miR-31 was detected by real-time Q-PCR. Results The expression of miR-31 with ESCC were higher than those of the normal control group, which related to the degree of tumor differentiation in Kazak ESCC patients (P < 0.01); the levels of miR-31 relative expression in Kazak were higher than that of Han (P = 0.008, P = 0.027). Conclusion miR-31 may be involved in the occurrence of ESCC in Han and Kazak nationality. miR-31 might be another risk factor in high incidence of ESCC in Kazak than Han nationality.

Objective To investigate the MRI findings of perihip heterotopic ossification (HO) in the early, mid and late stages. Meth-ods The MRI of 44 inpatients with HO from February, 2011 to September, 2013 were reviewed, in which 20 cases (28 joints) were in early stage, 18 cases (24 joints) in mid stage and 6 cases (8 joints) in late stage. For the enhanced T1WI, 9 cases (11 joints) were in early stage, 6 cases (7 joints) in mid stage, and 3 cases (4 joints) in late stage. Theχ2 trend test was used to evaluate the MRI signal change with the HO maturity. Results With the maturity of hip HO, the signal intensity of T2WI reduced (χ2=16.773, P<0.001), fat signal on T1WI increased, the enhancement reduced (χ2=16.048, P=0.007). Conclusion The MRI findings of perihip HO are characteristic in MRI in all the stages. MRI is useful for the diagnosis of perihip HO, especially for the early HO.

Objective To investigate the preliminary clinical result of thoracolumbar fracture combined with posterior ligamentous complex injuries repaired by posterior transpedicular screw fixation.Methods A retrospective review was performed on 22 patients with thoracolumbar flexion-distraction fracture combined with posterior ligamentous complex injuries treated with transpedicular screw fixation from July 2008 to March 2013.There were 16 males and 6 females with mean age of 39 years (range,23-62 years).After medically stable,posterior pedicle screw fixation was performed under intravenousinhalational anesthesia.According to the degree of fracture displacement and types of ligament injury,posterolateral bone grafting or intervertebral fusion at the level of injury was conducted.Vertebral height restoration,Cobb' s angle and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score were reviewed preoperatively,at postoperative 3 days and at the last follow-up.Results All the patients were operated on smoothly.There were no complications during operation.All the patients were followed up for 5-51 months (mean,26.5 months).Fracture reductions were satisfied with the closure of vertebral posterior element.Mean anterior vertebral height and Cobb' s angle improved by 20.6％ and 10.60°respectively after operation (P ＜0.01).Eight patients with neurological dysfunction showed some recovery after operation with the mean sensory score improved by 20.7％ (P ＜ 0.05) and mean motor function score improved by 30.9％ (P ＜ 0.0l).All bone grafts were healed,without pain,loosening or breakage in the fixation system.Conclusions Posterior pedicular screw fixation attains good short-term outcome for thoracolumbar flexion-distraction fracture combined with posterior ligamentous complex injuries.The surgery provides satisfactory reduction and instant spinal three-column stability for the unstable spine fracture.Sufficient bone graft is the guarantee to permanent stability.