Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematologic disorder.The early diagnosis,accurate staging and timely therapeutic evaluation have great impact on the treatment planning,disease monitoring and prognosis.Although X-ray examination is the standard staging modality for MM,18F-FDG PET/CT has been proved additionally valuable for diagnosis,outcome prediction of MM.This article is to update the clinical role of 18F-FDG PET in the evaluation of MM.The application of other PET radiopharmaceuticals including 11 C-MET,11 C-acetate,11 C-choline and 18 F-FLT are also reviewed.

Objective To investigate the expression of nuclear factor-kappa Bp65 (NF-κBp65)and Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)protein in the brain tissues of 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats with cerebral hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy (HIE) and to explore the role of TLR4 and NF-κBp65 in the pathogenesis of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.Methods Seven-day SD rats were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.Brain pathological changes were observed in light microscopy at 6 h、12 h、24 h、72 h、7 d after HIE.The expression of TLR4 and NF-κBp65 in brain tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry method.Results NF-κBp65 and TLR4 were expressed in the neuron and microglia of control group and experimental group.The expression were most significant at cerebral cortex and hippocamp.However,the expression of NF-κBp65and TLR4 began to increase at HIE 6h:NF-κBp65 (0.219 3 ± 0.024 7,0.215 7 ±0.030 4)and TLR4(0.327 1 ±0.033 3,0.303 9 ±0.037 9),and achieved the hightest at HIE 24h:NF-κBp65 (0.3564±0.0235,0.3365 ±0.023 2)and TLR4(0.434 2 ±0.0428,0.4193 ±0.041 3),then decreased at HIE 72 h:NF-κBp65 (0.289 2 ± 0.032 0,0.260 9 ± 0.021 2) and TLR4 (0.300 5 ± 0.020 9,0.282 0 ± 0.022 6),and HIE 7 d:NF-κBp65(0.247 9 ±0.0340,0.242 1 ±0.025 4) and TLR4(0.274 4 ±0.0288,0.257 1 ±0.027 5).Conclusion There is a positive correlation between NF-κBp65 and TLR4 in rats with HIE.It suggested that they may have the same pathophysiology development in HIE.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between microRNA-125a (miR-125a) expression and inflammatory cytokine levels in skin lesions of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, and to evaluate the effect of miR-125a on the proliferation of a human immortalized keratinocyte cell line HaCaT.Methods:Totally, lesional and adjacent non-lesional skin tissues were collected from 40 patients with psoriasis vulgaris in the Seventh People′s Hospital of Shenyang from 2017 to 2018, and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative reverse transcription PCR was performed to determine the expression of miR-125a in the skin tissues, as well as the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-17 in the lesional skin tissues. HaCaT cells were divided into 4 groups to be transfected with a miR-125a overexpression plasmid (miR-125a overexpression group), an overexpression control plasmid (overexpression control group), a miR-125a interference plasmid (miR-125a interference group) and an interference control plasmid (interference control group), respectively. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was performed to assess the proliferative ability of HaCaT cells in the groups at 0, 24, 48, 72 hours after transfection, and double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 in the culture supernatant of HaCaT cells. Spearman rank correlation test was used for correlation analysis, and t test for the comparison of means between two groups. Results:The relative expression of miR-125a was significantly lower in the lesional skin tissues (expressed as 2 -ΔΔCt, 0.389 ± 0.354) than in the non-lesional skin tissues (1.106 ± 0.396, t = 7.717, P < 0.001) in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. The expression of miR-125a was negatively correlated with the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-17 in psoriatic lesions ( r = -0.447, -0.424, -0.436, all P < 0.01). Immediately and 24 hours after transfection with the plasmids, there was no significant difference in the cell proliferative ability between the miR-125a overexpression group and overexpression control group ( t = 0.282, 1.445, respectively, both P > 0.05), or between the miR-125a interference group and interference control group ( t = 0.120, 1.543, respectively, both P > 0.05). Forty-eight and 72 hours after the transfection, the cell proliferative ability was significantly lower in the miR-125a overexpression group than in the overexpression control group ( t = 3.222, 4.563, respectively, both P < 0.05), but significantly higher in the miR-125a interference group than in the interference control group ( t = 3.036, 3.269, respectively, both P < 0.05). In addition, the miR-125a overexpression group showed significantly decreased levels of TNF-α and IL-1β compared with the overexpression control group ( t = 4.318, 3.813, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Conclusions:MiR-125a is lowly expressed in skin lesions of patients with psoriasis vulgaris. MiR-125a can inhibit the proliferation of keratinocytes, and may play a protective role in the occurrence and development of psoriasis.

Objective:To explore the mechanism underlying microRNA (miR) -125a-mediated inhibition of proliferation of keratinocytes.Methods:After 24-hour pretreatment with interleukin (IL) -23, human HaCaT keratinocytes were divided into miR-125a group and miR-NC group transfected with a miR-125a overexpression plasmid and a control plasmid, respectively. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was performed to evaluate the proliferative ability of HaCaT cells in the two groups at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours after transfection, real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR to determine the mRNA expression of miR-125a and IL-23 receptors (IL-23R) in the two groups 24 hours after transfection, and Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of IL-23R, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) , protein kinase B (AKT) and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) in the two groups 48 hours after transfection. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the targeting relationship between miR-125a and IL-23R. Comparison of means between two groups was carried out by using t test, and changes in the proliferative ability of HaCaT cells over time were evaluated by using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results:After plasmid transfection, the relative expression of miR-125a was significantly higher in the miR-125a group (6.377 ± 0.745) than in the miR-NC group (0.700 ± 0.222; t=7.305, P=0.002) . At 0, 24 and 48 hours after transfection, there was no significant difference in cellular proliferative ability between the miR-125a group and the miR-NC group ( t=0.663, 0.623 and 1.930, respectively, all P > 0.05) ; at 72 hours after transfection, the cellular proliferative ability was significantly lower in the miR-125a group than in the miR-NC group ( t=4.407, P < 0.05) . The IL-23R mRNA expression was significantly lower in the miR-125a group than in the miR-NC group ( t=3.082, P < 0.05) . Compared with the miR-NC group, the miR-125a group showed significantly decreased protein expression of IL-23R, JAK2 and p-AKT ( t=11.715, 6.996, 12.424, P < 0.001,=0.002, < 0.001, respectively) . Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed targeted binding of miR-125a to IL-23R. Conclusion:MiR-125a may inhibit the proliferation of keratinocytes by negatively regulating the IL-23R/JAK2/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and practicality of the Jaundice color card (JCard) as a screening tool for neonatal jaundice.Methods:Following the standards for reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) statement, a multicenter prospective study was conducted in 9 hospitals in China from October 2019 to September 2021. A total of 845 newborns who were admitted to the hospital or outpatient department for liver function testing due to their own diseases. The inclusion criteria were a gestational age of ≥35 weeks, a birth weight of ≥2 000 g, and an age of ≤28 days. The neonate′s parents used the JCard to measure jaundice at the neonate′s cheek. Within 2 hours of the JCard measurement, transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) was measured with a JH20-1B device and total serum bilirubin (TSB) was detected. The Pearson′s correlation analysis, Bland-Altman plots and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for statistic analysis.Results:Out of the 854 newborns, 445 were male and 409 were female; 46 were born at 35-36 weeks of gestational age and 808 were born at ≥37 weeks of gestational age. Additionally, 432 cases were aged 0-3 days, 236 cases were aged 4-7 days, and 186 cases were aged 8-28 days. The TSB level was (227.4±89.6) μmol/L, with a range of 23.7-717.0 μmol/L. The JCard level was (221.4±77.0) μmol/L and the TcB level was (252.5±76.0) μmol/L. Both the JCard and TcB values showed good correlation ( r=0.77 and 0.80, respectively) and agreements (96.0% (820/854) and 95.2% (813/854) of samples fell within the 95% limits of agreement, respectively) with TSB. The JCard value of 12 had a sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.75 for identifying a TSB ≥205.2?μmol/L, and a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.35 for identifying a TSB ≥342.0?μmol/L. The TcB value of 205.2?μmol/L had a sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.60 for identifying TSB levels of 205.2 μmol/L, and a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.26 for identifying TSB levels of 342.0 μmol/L. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of JCard for identifying TSB levels of 153.9, 205.2, 256.5, and 342.0 μmol/L were 0.96, 0.92, 0.83, and 0.83, respectively. The AUC of TcB were 0.94, 0.91, 0.86, and 0.87, respectively. There were both no significant differences between the AUC of JCard and TcB in identifying TSB levels of 153.9 and 205.2 μmol/L (both P>0.05). However, the AUC of JCard were both lower than those of TcB in identifying TSB levels of 256.5 and 342.0 μmol/L (both P<0.05). Conclusions:JCard can be used to classify different levels of bilirubin, but its diagnostic efficacy decreases with increasing bilirubin levels. When TSB level are ≤205.2 μmol/L, its diagnostic efficacy is equivalent to that of the JH20-1B. To prevent the misdiagnosis of severe jaundice, it is recommended that parents use a low JCard score, such as 12, to identify severe hyperbilirubinemia (TSB ≥342.0 μmol/L).

China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Pemphigoid, Bullous/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies