Objective To investigate the role of platelet-derived growth factor-β receptor (PDGFR-β) in self-renewal of neural stem cells (NSCs).Methods In this study,NSCs of subventricular zone were isolated and cultured from PDGFR-β knockout (PDGFR-β-/-) mice of postnatal day 1 (P1) and P28;the number and diameters of secondary neurospheres were calculated;using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay,cell proliferation and survival rates were analyzed;gene expression profiles were determined by PCR-array analyses;the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on secondary neurospheres formation was examined in these cells.Results In PDGFR-β-/-NSCs,stem cell activities,such as number (/well;P1:25.9±1.3vs117.6±3.6,t=4.236,P＜0.01;P28:13.8± 0.7vs 19.8±0.6,t=2.116,P＜0.01)and diameters (μm;P1:67.7±1.9 vs 69.1 ±2.0,t=3.211,P＜0.01;P28:33.4±0.8vs37.8±0.8,t=2.354,P ＜0.01) of secondary neurospheres,cell proliferation (％;P1:73.3 ± 2.7 vs 88.7 ± 3.6,t =2.773,P ＜ 0.05;P28:28.6 ± 9.6 vs 68.2 ± 4.5,t =6.302,P ＜ 0.05) and survival rates (％;P1:14.5 ±2.1 vs 9.3 ± 1.3,t =7.222,P ＜ 0.05),were significantly lower as compared with age-matched controls.In comparison of the same genotypic NSCs,the decrease of secondary neurosphere formation was more striking in P28 NSCs than in P1 NSCs.PCR Array analyses demonstrated that expressions of fibroblast growth factor2 and BDNF were decreased (-2.04 ± 0.25,t =2.653,P ＜ 0.05;-3.24 ± 0.37,t =1.324,P ＜ 0.05),and Noggin (2.31 ± 0.37,t =2.749,P ＜ 0.05) was increased in P1 PDGFR-β-/-NSCs as compared with P1 controls.Addition of BDNF rescued the number and diameter of secondary neurospheres in P1 PDGFR-β-/-NSCs to similar levels as controls.Conclusions PDGFR-β signaling may play a role in the selfrenewal and proliferation of NSCs.BDNF may be involved in the effects of PDGFR-β signaling in these cells.

20 IU/ml) as predictor was 40.0% and 75.4% respectively. Conclusions The incidence of malignant neoplasm among postmenopausal bleeding women aged 60 and over is 24.2%,ultrasonographic evaluation and CA125 value are reliable and important for diagnosis accurately. Large operation is safe and feasible in aged women.

Background and Purpose:The objective of this study was to assess the value of tumor markers and clinical characteristics in making a differential diagnosis between mature cystic teratoma(MCT) and its malignant transformation(MT).Methods:176 patients with mature cystic teratoma of the ovary diagnosed by postoperative pathology were treated in our hospital between 1997 and December 2004,the authors studied their clinicopathologic data and tested several serum tumor markers.Results:170 were MCT,the mean age was 35.8,the mean tumor size was 8.8cm,153 were tested for CA125,the mean serum CA125 level was 33u/ml,37 with serum CA125 level over 35u/ml;140 for tested CA19-9,the mean serum CA19-9 level was 217u/ml,77 with serum CA19-9 level over 37u/ml;112 tested for SCC,the mean serum SCC level was 1.82ng/ml,29 with serum SCC level over 1.5ng/ml;115 tested for CEA,the mean serum CEA level was 1.42ng/ml,8 with serum CEA level over 5ng/ml;6 cases were malignant transformation,the mean age was 47,the mean tumor size was 17.6cm,the mean serum CA125 level was 500u/ml,5 with serum CA125 level over 35u/ml,the mean serum CA19-9 level was 609.8u/ml,5 with serum CA19-9 level over 37u/ml,the mean serum SCC level was 23.4ng/ml,5 with serum SCC level over 1.5ng/ml,the mean serum CEA level was 22.8ng/ml,4 with serum CEA level over 5ng/ml.There were significant differences in age,tumor size and levels of the serum tumor markers between MCT and MT.(P

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of modified vaginal paravaginal repair (VPVR) in treatment of symptomatic paravaginal defect cystocele(PDCC). Methods This study was an observational case series of 52 consecutive women in Beijing hospital from January 2007 to August 2009, with symptomatic paravaginal defect cystocele. Among them, 6 patients had anterior wall colporrhaphy. Preoperative and postoperative pelvic evaluations were performed with the POP-Q system. All the cases underwent vaginal approach to paravaginal repair, 49 cases underwent vaginal hysterectomy simultaneously. Patients were followed up for 1 to 24 months. Criteria for objective cure were defined as the anterior vaginal walls at grade 0 and firmly apposing to the lateral pelvic sidewalls.Results Of the 52 patients, 30 had grade Ⅱ , 17 had grade Ⅲ, and 5 had grade Ⅳ paravaginal defect cystocele. In all patients the VPVR was performed successfully. No complication happened during and after operation. The average operation time was (65 ±18) min (45-110 min) and estimated blood loss was (95 ± 27) ml (50-200 ml). Patients were followed up postoperatively for 3 to 24months, with a mean of (10. 1±3.1) months. The PDCC recurred in 6 cases, 5 patients had grade Ⅰcystocele and 1 had grade Ⅲ cystocele. Conclusions The vaginal approach to the correction of paravaginal defect cystocele is highly effective in our population.

Objective To document peritoneal tuberculosis mimicking ovarian malignancy in elderly post-menopausal women and to review pertinent literature.Methods The records of 3 women with peritoneal tuberculosis who were managed at Beijing Hospital from January 2003 to September 2009 were reviewed.Results Three patients with peritoneal tuberculosis mimicking ovarian malignancy all presented with the classical symptoms of advanced-stage ovarian carcinoma,including ascites,abdominopelvic masses,elevated serum CA125,bloating and progressive emaciation.Two patients received laparotomy revealing peritoneal tuberculosis but no malignancy.All the patients were treated with anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy.Conclusions Medical awareness of peritoneal tuberculosis is still lacking and many women with this disease are initially thought to have ovarian malignancy and undergo unnecessary extended surgery.Laparoscopy including biopsies seems to be a sufficient and safe method to provide diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis.If laparoscopy is not feasible,laparotomy should be performed.Ascites and high level of CA125 do not necessarily indicate that the clinical picture is malignant in post-menopausal women.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of biological mesh during female anterior pelvic organ reconstruction.Methods The 68 consecutive women with symptomatic anterior vaginal wall prolapse in Beijing hospital from January 2010 to June 2013 were divided into two groups:6 cases underwent anterior vaginal wall repair with biological mesh,and 32 cases underwent vaginal approach to paravaginal repair.Preoperative and postoperative pelvic evaluations were performed with the POP-Q system.Patients were followed up at 1,3,6,12,24 months after operation.Objective cure was defined if the lateral sulci of the anterior vaginal walls were at grade 0 and firmly apposed to the lateral pelvic sidewalls.Results Among 68 patients,38 had grade Ⅲ and 30 had grade Ⅳ anterior vaginal wall prolapse.In all patients the anterior vaginal repair was performed successfully.The indexes of operation time,amount of bleeding,the postoperative retention time of catheter and hospital stay had no difference between biological mesh and vaginal approach groups [(88.1±18.3)min vs.(88.0±17.4)min,(140.3±77.6) ml vs.(141.3±64.9) ml,(5.30±1.79) d vs.(4.90±2.34) d,(5.53±2.00)d vs.(5.50±2.08)d,t=0.01,0.05,0.64,0.06,respectively,all P＞0.05].No complication happened during and after operation.No one relapsed in biological mesh group and 4 cases relapsed in paravaginal repair group.The relapse rate between two groups is statistically different(x2 =4.79,P＜0.05).Conclusions The anterior vaginal repair with biological mesh is effective during female anterior pelvic organ reconstruction,but the long-term outcome of biological mesh in pelvic floor construction needs further study.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of concomitant docetaxal (DTX) and nedaplatin (NDP) therapy for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer in elderly women.Methods Totally 42 elderly patients with histologically confirmed recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer received chemotherapy with DTX combined with NDP.DTX with the dose of 60-70 mg/m2 was administered intravenously on day 1,followed by NDP with the dose of 70-80 mg/m2 given intravenously on day 2.The treatment was repeated every 3 weeks.The efficacy was evaluated according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) and serum CA125 level.Adverse reactions were assessed according to performance and standard criteria in toxicity of anticancer agents of WTO.Results 4 patients were switched to other chemotherapy strategies due to progression of disease after 2 courses of treament,and the other patients completed 4 to 6 courses.Among 42 patients,18 cases (42.9％)showed complete remission,10 cases (23.8％) showed partial remission,6 cases (14.3％) were in stable conditions,and 8 cases (19.0％) progressed to severe disease.The median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 7 months,and the efficacy rate (complete and partial remission) was 66.7％(28/42).The main adverse effects were alopecia,nausea and vomit,and leucopenia.Patients could get remission by receiving drug therapy.Conclusions Docetaxel plus nedaplatin therapy has a good therapeutic effect with low incidence of adverse reactions,high safety and well tolerance in elderly platinum-sensitive women and in those with platinum-resistant recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.

Objective To examine the complement component 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein (C1QBP) gene expression in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines and its parental cell line JeG-3,and to investigate whether silence C 1QBP by small interference RNA could reverse the resistance of human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines to its relevant chemotherapy drugs.Methods Expression of C1QBP mRNA and protein in cells were detected by real-time fluorogenic quantitative PCR and western blot,respectively.The difference of C 1QBP expression was compared between human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines and its parental cell line JeG-3.Sub-cellular location was proved by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.A lentiviral vector containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting C 1QBP was constructed and cotransfected with the packaging plasmid mixture into 293T cells by lipofectamine 2000.The human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines were infected with the packaged lentivirus.Real-time fluorogenic quantitative PCR and western blot were used to validate whether the C 1QBP gene expression was silenced.The cell counting kit 8(CCK8)was used to determine the drug sensitivity.Results (1)The C1QBP mRNA expression levels among four human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines[JeG-3/floxuridiuum (FUDR),JeG-3/methotrexate (MTX),JeG-3/etoposide (VP),JeG-3/dactinomycin (KSM)] were 2.520±0.680,1.770±0.230,1.940±0.090 and 1.740±0.350 folds compared to that in JeG-3 cells.The C1QBP protein was higher expression level in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines than that in JeG-3.The immunofluorescence methods and confocal analysis showed that C1QBP localized predominantly in the mitochondrial matrix.(2)The C1QBP mRNA expression in JeG-3/FUDR cells after infected with lentiviral vector were decreased by 93.1％ (P＜0.01).The protein expression of C 1QBP in JeG-3/FUDR cells after infected with lentiviral vector were almost completely suppressed.The resistance indexes of four human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines(JeG-3/FUDR,JeG-3/MTX,JeG-3/VP,JeG-3/KSM) were respectively 86.3％,93.9％,92.8％ and 89.9％,which were decreased remarkably by knockdown the C 1QBP expression (P＜0.05).Conclusions C1QBP is overexpressed in human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines compared with parental cell line JeG-3.Inhibition of C 1QBP by lentivirus-mediated small interference RNA could effectively reverses the resistance of human resistance choriocarcinoma cell lines to its relevant chemotherapy drugs.

Objective To assess the role of promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML)and P53 in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and its precursor lesions. Methods Different expression patterns of PML and P53 of 241 cases of ESCC combined with adjacent precursors were analyzed by tissue array and immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Results In ESCC and its precursor lesions, PML and P53 displayed positive or strong positive, while in normal esophageal epithelia, these proteins showednegative or stained positive only in parabasal cell layer. The expression level of PML was correlated with the depth of invasion of esophageal carcinomas (X2=29.461,P<0.001),lymph metastasis status(X2=15.226,P<0.001)and pTNMs(x2=26.956,P

Objective To study the clinical manifestation and MRI feature of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate. Methods Three patients with toxic encephalopathy induced by inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate were observed clinically and with MRI. Results The 3 patients were male. They all had definite addiction histories (the time of addiction for 3 years to 7 years ). There were special language and retropulsive dystonia besides the common characteristics of toxic encephalopathy:reaction retardation and disturbance of intelligence. MRI showed the change of generalized demyelination in bilateral symmetrical cerebral hemisphere, posterior limbs of internal capsule, corpus callosum, medial lemniscus, and cerebellum hemisphere dentate nucleus. The clinical symptoms of 3 patients were significantly improved 40 days after the adrenocortical steroid and neurotrophic treatment. The mild mood disorder remained in case 1. Conclusion Clinical manifestation and MRI of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate are known, so we could diagnose the patients of the disease in time.