Objective To understand the training status and learning requirement of nursing personnel for the aged from the perspective of nursing targets and their relatives in the city of Nanjing.Methods The questionnaire involved six categories,80 questionnaires were sent out,57 of them were recollected.The effective recovery rate was 71.3％(57/80).All the data were input into Excel to do statistical analysis.Results The nursing personnel did not fully grasp the skills of transfusion nursing and muscle injection [45.6％(26/57) and 33.3％(19/57)] in the basic theory of basic care,knowledge and skills from the perspective of nursing targets and their relatives.The Chinese medicine nursing skills such as scrapping [needing very much 40.4％ (23/57)] and burying seeds [needing very much 40.4％ (23/57)] in the ear acupuncture point were also needed to be enhanced.A total of 75.4％ (43/57) of respondents chose online examination as the way of nursing personnel's evaluation.Conclusions Nursing personnel are in great need of on-job professional training.

Objective To evaluate the effect of smecta on acute gastroenteritis induced by the radiotherapy in human cervical cancer.Methods seventy-eight patients under radiotherapy received smecta combined with general medicine to control gastroenteritis. All patients were divided into 2 groups:group A: 40 patients were treated with smecta and general medicine.group B:38 patients were only routinely treated. The routine medicine included prednisone, vitamin B 2 and ciprofloxacin.Results The effective rate for acute gastroenteritis in A group was significant higher than in B group ( P

Objective To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (huc-MSC) on the ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of moderately fatty liver in rats. Methods The rat fatty liver model was established by fat-rich diet feeding. 60 female SD rats were randomly divided into MSC-treated and control groups (n = 30). MSC-treated group was infused with MSC (2 x 106 cells resuspended in 1.5 ml of sterile phosphate-buffered saline solution, PBS) by intra-venous injection through the tail vein. The first dose was administered on day 1 before IRI, followed by another dose on day 3 postIRI. The control group was injected with sterile PBS alone at the same intervals. Blood and liver samples were collected at day 1,4 and 7 (10 rats at each time point) post-IRI respectively to test enzyme activities,biochemical and histological changes. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in liver tissue were measured. The pathological changes of liver tissue and apoptosis of hepatocytes were also assessed. Results Compared to the control group, the levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, and MDA declined in the MSC-treated group on day 1 and day 4 post-IRI ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), while no difference was observed on day 7 post-IRI ( P ＞ 0. 05). There was no difference of the level of SOD between the two groups on day 1,4 and 7 post-IRI (P ＞0. 05). Pathological examination revealed inflammatory injury in the MSC-treated group was alleviated compared with that in the control group. Conclusion huc-MSC effects protection on the IRI of fatty liver in rats.

[Objective]To investigate the micro-structural alterations within whole brain white matter(WM) in cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine,and to explore the correlation between aberrant WH and abuse time of cough medicine abuse patients.[Methods]Thirty cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine and 30 controls participated in the study. Structural changes in FA and(mean diffusivity)MD were examined in cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine which derived from DTI tractography. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to compare the mean FA value and duration of cough syrup abuse addiction in patients.[Results]Cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine had lower FA value in bilateral anterior limb of internal capsule(ALIC)and higher MD in the bilateral hippocampus and insula,right anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and superior temporal gyrus,compared to the controls. Cough syrup abuse addiction group also had positive correlation between mean FAvalues and duration of cough syrup abuse addiction in patients.[Conclusion]Micro-structural alterations within whole brain white matter(WM)are found in cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine. This disturbance progresses as duration increases of cough syrup abuse addiction in patients.

Objective To develop fast detection techniques for the diagnosis of gonococcal infections.Methods Prokaryotic expression vector for Neisserial surface protein A (NspA) was constructed using the NspA gene cloned by PCR.Mice were immunized with the renatured recombinant NspA (rrNspA)to prepare antibodies against NspA.Western blot and ELISA was used to analyze the binding of NspA antibodies to lysate of gonococcal cells or to intact gonococci.Results NspA antibodies that were prepared by the rrNspA expressed in E.coli could bind to rrNspA,the natural NspA existing in gonococcal cells,or intact gonococci.Conclusion RrNspA and its antibodies have potential value in developing fast diagnostic kits for gonococcal diseases.

Objective:To observe the effects of the Chinese medicine prescription Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction (XCQD) on acute brain edema and inflammatory factors in rats with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).Methods:A total of 108 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into control group, sham operation group, sTBI model group, and XCQD low, medium, high dose groups by random number table method, with 18 rats in each group. sTBI rat model was prepared according to the modified Freeney method. At 6 hours after injury, the XCQD low, medium, and high dose groups were given XCQD 1.80, 2.78, and 4.59 g/kg by gavage, respectively, and the other three groups were given the same amount of normal saline, once a day for 3 days. After 3 days of injury, rats in each group were sacrificed after the modified neurologic severity score (mNSS) assessed. Pathological changes of brain tissue were observed under light microscope after hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, water content of brain tissue was measured by dry-wet specific gravity method, and the expressions of aquaporin 4 (AQP4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in brain tissue were detected by Western blotting. Serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:Compared with the normal group, the mNSS score of rats increased significantly, the structure of brain tissue was disordered, and pathological changes appeared such as inflammation, edema, pyknosis of nerve nuclei, water content, the protein expressions of AQP4, TNF-α and IL-1β in brain tissue, and the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β in serum were significantly increased. After XCQD intervention, the above indexes were significantly improved. Compared with sTBI model group, the mNSS score of XCQD medium and high dose groups significantly decreased (6.94±1.16, 6.88±1.02 vs. 8.61±1.09, both P < 0.05), and the pathological changes such as brain edema and inflammation were alleviated. Brain tissue water content, AQP4 protein expression and contents of serum TNF-α, IL-1β in XCQD low, medium, and high dose groups significantly decreased compared with sTBI model group [brain tissue water content: (78.25±0.71)%, (77.62±0.44)%, (76.70±0.74)% vs. (80.08±0.66)%; the expression of brain AQP4 protein (AQP4/β-actin): 0.86±0.13, 0.84±0.22, 0.65±0.13 vs. 1.08±0.14; serum TNF-α (ng/L): 106.34±15.07, 95.75±17.26, 89.00±17.36 vs. 141.96±29.47; serum IL-1β (ng/L): 90.41±12.88, 72.82±13.51, 71.32±16.79 vs. 128.57±22.56, respectively, all P < 0.05]. The protein expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β in brain tissue of XCQD medium and high dose groups also significantly decreased compared with sTBI model group [TNF-α (TNF-α/β-actin): 0.90±0.24, 0.79±0.35 vs. 1.17±0.15; IL-1β (IL-1β/β-actin): 0.91±0.21, 0.68±0.28 vs. 1.23±0.08, respectively, all P < 0.05]. Brain tissue water content, the expression of brain AQP4 protein, the levels of brain tissue and serum IL-1β in XCQD high dose group improved more significant than those of XCQD low dose group. Conclusions:XCQD can alleviate the acute brain edema in sTBI rats, and it is dose-dependent. The mechanism may be relevant to reduce the secondary inflammatory response of sTBI by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the effects of cisplatin on proliferation, telomerase activity, cell cycle, p53, bcl-2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expressions of human lung adenocarcinoma SLC-89 cells induced by cisplatin and to find out the possible mechanisms.

METHODSSLC-89 cells were treated with cisplatin of different concentrations for 72 h. Then, the proliferation of the cells was measured by MTT method, telomerase activity was measured by telomeric repeat amplification protocol with ELISA (TRAP-ELISA), and cell cycle, p53, bcl-2 and PCNA expressions of the cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) respectively.

RESULTSCisplatin could obviously inhibit the proliferation of the cells, and IC₅₀ value for cisplatin treatment was 18.47 mg/L. Cisplatin could obviously down-regulate telomerase activity, decrease S phase cells, increase G₀/G₁ phase cells, decline the expressions of bcl-2 and PCNA proteins and induce the expression of p53 protein of SLC-89 cells in a concentration-dependent fashion.

CONCLUSIONSCisplatin can obviously inhibit the proliferation of SLC-89, change the distribution of cell cycle, decline telomerase activity and expressions of bcl-2 and PCNA proteins, and induce expression of p53 protein, which may be the important mechanisms of cisplatin's anticancer action.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical value of circular DNA in acute myocardial infarction.

METHODSVenous blood (2 ml/head) of 40 healthy control and 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction within 48h of onset of illness and convalescent period was collected. The level of plasma circular DNA was detected by duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. The levels of myocardial enzyme spectrum and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) were detected by biochemistry method.

RESULTSThe level of circular DNA in control group and group of acute myocardial infarction before treatment was (21.5 +/- 10.7) ng/ml and (253.6 +/- 45.7) ng/ml, respectively (P = 0.000). The levels of serum myocardial enzyme spectrum and cTnT before treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction were significantly higher than those of control group (P < 0.05). The level of circular DNA after treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction was significantly decreased compared with that before treatment (P = 0.000), the levels of myocardial enzyme spectrum and cTnT were also significantly reduced (P < 0.05). There was significant correlation between the level of circular DNA and those of CK-MB and cTnT, r = 0.613, 0.654, P = 0.032, 0.021.

CONCLUSIONCircular DNA can be used as a marker of sensitively reflecting myocardial cell injury.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA, Circular ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; blood ; diagnosis

Objective To explore the protective affect of individual earmuffs in microtia reconstruction using tissue expander.Methods 95 patients performed the implantation of tissue expander had been grouped into the experimental group(49 cases)and the control group(46 cases).Patients in the experimental group wore individual earmuffs,whereas patients in the control group wore traditional earmuffs.The survey including the information of patients' experience in wearing the earmuffs was carried out on the day when patients were given auricular reconstruction.Data collected from the two groups were analyzed to evaluate the aspects of permeability and safety.Results Patients in the experimental group complained less discomfort in sultry in permeability and tinnitus than patients in the control group.From the perspective of safety,there was no complaints of mosquitoes climbing into the earmuffs from the two groups.Because of the good adhesiveness of the individual earmuffs to the skin,the incidence of redness of skin in the experimen tal group was significantly lower than that in the control group.Conclusions Individual earmuff is a safe and comfortable nursing appliance which is practical for clinical application because of its good permeability,adhesiveness and less incidence of redness of skin.

Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) manifested as constipation and fecal incontinence often occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI).NBD affects patients' quality of life and is an urgent clinical problem to be solved.The mechanism of NBD is related to central and autonomic nervous system dysfunction,intestinal nervous system dysfunction,changes in intestinal microorganism composition and abnormal content of neurotransmitters.The evaluation method of NBD is mainly based on scoring and imaging,which lacks unified criteria,and the treatment method for NBD is the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.The author summarizes the mechanism,evaluation method,treatment and nursing of NBD in order to provide new insight into these aspects to improve clinical efficacy.