AIM:To investigate the effects of p62 on drug resistance of human laryngocarcinoma cell line Hep-2.METHODS:The abundance of p62 in Hep-2/5-FU and Hep-2 cells was measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot.After silencing of p62 with p62 siRNA in the Hep-2/5-FU cells, the cell viability and cell apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry.The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured to reflect the status of oxidative stress in the cells.The protein levels of apoptosis-related molecules Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-8/cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3,and the activity of anti-oxidative stress pathway-related proteins Keap1/Nrf2 were measured by Western blot.RESULTS:The expression of p62 at both mRNA and protein levels was significantly up-regulated in the Hep-2/5-FU cells.The expression of p62 and Nrf2 increased in a dose-dependent manner in the Hep-2 cells.Knockdown of p62 inhibited the viability and promoted the apoptosis of the Hep-2/5-FU cells.Increased content of MDA, and suppressed activity of SOD and GSH-Px were also observed.Furthermore, knockdown of p62 up-regulated the protein levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3 and Keap1, but down-regulated the protein levels of Bcl-2, Nrf2 and HO-1.CONCLUSION:Knockdown of p62 increases the sensitivity of Hep-2/5-FU cells to 5-FU exposure.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and the modulation of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis.

5 cases of orthotopic live transplantation (OLTX) were performed in unresectable hepatic cellular carcinoma(3),Wilson's disease(1)and hepatitis B(1).The donor livers were harvested by the technique of rapid multiple organ harvesting,flushed and preserved with UW solution.The veno-venous bypass was introduced during the anhepatic phase in the operation.The double or triple-drug immunosuppressive regimen was used and three episodes of acute rejection were controlled in two patients.One patient died of CMV infection and another,of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage on the 92nd and 58th postoperative day respectively.The other three are still alive for 35,150 and 210 days.

Objective To investigate the improved approach and bile duct approach of laparoscopic biliary tract exploration for the treatment of the elderly patients with common bile duct stones. Methods Ninety-two elderly patients with common bile duct stones were enrolled and randomly divided into the improved group and the conventional group ,with 46 cases in each group. The time of hemorrhage ,the time of common bile duct suture,the recovery time of gastrointestinal function,the time of hospitalization,body temperature,albumin and total bilirubin levels,complications and recurrence of stones were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results The time of hemorrhage,the time of common bile duct suture,the recovery time of gastrointestinal func-tion and the time of hospitalization in the improved group were lower than those in the conventional group(P<0.05, respectively). The body temperature of patients in the improved group was lower than that in the conventional group on 3 days after surgery(P<0.05). The overall incidence of postoperative complications in the improved group was lower than that in the conventional group (P < 0.05). No recurrence of stones was observed in both two groups. Conclusion The improved approach for laparoscopic common bile duct exploration surgery results in less bleed-ing,short common bile duct suture time,rapid postoperative recovery,less body temperature fluctuations and less complications,deserving popularization.

Objective To evaluate a reliable and noninvasive method for the diagnosis of acute rejection after liver transplantation.Methods The allogeneic, syngeneic and immunosuppresive models of orthotopic rat liver transplantation were established, and acute rejection was graded according to histopathological change. Bile was sent for cytology by microscopy,and the sequential detection of bile IL 2,IFN ?,IL 4 and IL 6 gene expression was performed at day 1 through day 7. Results The number of cells in bile was persistently high in allogeneic group,and blast and lymphocytes appeared in bile. IL 2 and IFN ? were detected only in allogeneic group,with a specificity of 70% and 67%(7/10 and 8/12),and a sensitivity of 39% and 44%(7/18 and 8/18)respectively.Conclusion Bile cytology and detection of IL 2 and IFN ?mRNA transcript are useful adjuvant diagnosic methods for acute rejection after liver transplantation.

Objective To understand the progress of paclitaxel carriers, to provide theoretical support for research of paclitaxel carriers and clinical use of paclitaxel.Methods To study literatures on paclitaxel carriers recently and understand the research direction of paclitaxel carriers.Subsequently, the advantages and disadvantages of various paclitaxel carriers were analyzed and summarized.Results Paclitaxel as an effective anti-tumor chemotherapy drugs, had poorly water-soluble, serious toxicity and side effects, which limited the wide application of paclitaxel to some degree.Development of liposomes, micelles, microspheres, nanoparticles and other new dosage forms had broken these restrictions, which had vital significance.Conclusion Paclitaxel carriers can improve the solubility of the drug, reduce side effects, and develop toward multi-functional and finely targeted.

Osteoarthritis is a common chronic degenerative disease, which is currently the main drug therapy.Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a kind of glycosaminoglycan in the interstitial cells, which has the character of viscoelasticity, lubricity, biocompatibility,biodegradability and anti-inflammatory. It is wide applicated in the treatment of osteoarthritis.However, the half-life of the common hyaluronic acid injected into the joint cavity is shorter, patients need frequent dosing and the compliance is poor, research on new uses of hyaluronic acid formulations and clinical pharmacy workers is the new direction of research.In this paper, the recent advance of HA on function, safety, effectivity and novel application in osteoarthritis therapy are summarized.

Objective To investigate the effects of local injection of Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) on hemifacial spasm guided by periph-eral nerve stimulation. Methods 57 patients with hemifacial spasm from January, 2012 to June, 2015 received local multi-point injection of BTX-A guided by peripheral nerve stimulation. The grades of facial spasm were evaluated before, 72 hours and 6 months after treatment. They were followed up for 3-9 months. Results The spasm reduced in the patients both 72 hours and 6 months after treatment (χ2=4.946, P<0.05). The incidence was 98.25% of satisfaction and 92.99% of very well 72 hours after treatment, while it was 91.23% and 78.95% 6 months after treatment. The relief of spasm was maintained for (23.1 ± 2.3) weeks. Conclusion Injection of BTX-A guided by peripheral nerve stimulation is effective on hemifacial spasm for a long time.

【Objective】To investigate the relationship between the expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) on peripheral lymphocytes and acute rejection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) in rat.【Methods】Adult male rats were divided into 2 groups.In the non-rejection group,40 SD rats were used as both donors and recipients.In the rejection group,20 Wistar rats were used as donors and 20 SD rats as recipients.Blood samples were collected through the tail vein 1 day before transplantation and on days 1、3、5、7 after OLTx.The expression of LFA-1 (CD11a) on peripheral lymphocytes was analyzed by using indirect immunofluorescent marker-flow cytometry.【Results】The expression level of LFA-1 on peripheral lymphocytes in recipient rats after orthotopic liver transplantation was markedly lower than that before operation (P<0.01);The expression level of LFA-1 on peripheral lymphocytes in rats with acute liver rejection was significantly higher than that in the non-rejection group (P<0.01).【Conclusion】Monitoring the expression level of LFA-1 on peripheral lymphocytes may be helpful to the diagnosis of acute graft rejection.

Radiation-induced skin injury refers to the acute and chronic skin damage caused when skin is exposed to radiation. Radiation-induced skin damage may be created by nuclear disaster, radiation accident, radiation therapy, occupational exposure and so on. Approximately 95% of patients receiving radiotherapy will eventually develop into radiation-induced dermatitis during or after the treatment. As a consequence, how to appropriately prevent and remedy radiation-induced skin injury is of great practical significance. According to traditional Chinese medicine, radiation-induced skin injury belongs to fire, heat and toxin, blocking Qi and blood, injuring the muscle surface, affecting the distribution of Qi, blood and body fluid in the body, and damaging the function of viscera. This paper summarizes the cognition and development of traditional Chinese medicine theory of radiation-induced skin injury, as well as the research progress of internal and external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to provide a basis for the research and treatment of radiation-induced skin injury with traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of detection of fluorescence quantitative PCR in detection of HBV DNA and HBV markers.Methods 653 hepatitis B patients in our hospital from 2013 April to 2013 December were selected.First ELISA method using HBV-M model for qualitative detection of the blood samples,the detection order:Hepatitis b virus surface antigen (HBsAg),Hepatitis B surface Antibody(HbsAb),Hepatitis B e Antigen(HbeAg),hepatitis Be antibody(HbeAb),hepatitis B core antibody(HbcAb);Then the FQ-PCR method for the quantitative detection of HBV-DNA,different HBV-m model test results were compared..Results Big 3 this world[1(+)、3 (+)、5 (+)model]and[1 (+)、3 (+)model ]of the HBV-DNA positive rate was 97.97%,94.74% was significantly higher than that in other mode(P<0.05).Big 3 this world[1(+)、3(+)、5(+)model]HBV-DNA expression level is the highest(5.59 ×106 ±2.42 ×105 )copies/mL was significantly higher than that in other mode(P<0.05).Conclusion Combined with qualitative and quantitative detection of HBV-DNA HBV-M,which is of great value to clinical early diagnosis and therapy.