AIM:To investigate the effects of p62 on drug resistance of human laryngocarcinoma cell line Hep-2.METHODS:The abundance of p62 in Hep-2/5-FU and Hep-2 cells was measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot.After silencing of p62 with p62 siRNA in the Hep-2/5-FU cells, the cell viability and cell apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry.The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured to reflect the status of oxidative stress in the cells.The protein levels of apoptosis-related molecules Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-8/cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3,and the activity of anti-oxidative stress pathway-related proteins Keap1/Nrf2 were measured by Western blot.RESULTS:The expression of p62 at both mRNA and protein levels was significantly up-regulated in the Hep-2/5-FU cells.The expression of p62 and Nrf2 increased in a dose-dependent manner in the Hep-2 cells.Knockdown of p62 inhibited the viability and promoted the apoptosis of the Hep-2/5-FU cells.Increased content of MDA, and suppressed activity of SOD and GSH-Px were also observed.Furthermore, knockdown of p62 up-regulated the protein levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3 and Keap1, but down-regulated the protein levels of Bcl-2, Nrf2 and HO-1.CONCLUSION:Knockdown of p62 increases the sensitivity of Hep-2/5-FU cells to 5-FU exposure.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and the modulation of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of local injection of Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) on hemifacial spasm guided by periph-eral nerve stimulation. Methods 57 patients with hemifacial spasm from January, 2012 to June, 2015 received local multi-point injection of BTX-A guided by peripheral nerve stimulation. The grades of facial spasm were evaluated before, 72 hours and 6 months after treatment. They were followed up for 3-9 months. Results The spasm reduced in the patients both 72 hours and 6 months after treatment (χ2=4.946, P<0.05). The incidence was 98.25% of satisfaction and 92.99% of very well 72 hours after treatment, while it was 91.23% and 78.95% 6 months after treatment. The relief of spasm was maintained for (23.1 ± 2.3) weeks. Conclusion Injection of BTX-A guided by peripheral nerve stimulation is effective on hemifacial spasm for a long time.

Objective To investigate the improved approach and bile duct approach of laparoscopic biliary tract exploration for the treatment of the elderly patients with common bile duct stones. Methods Ninety-two elderly patients with common bile duct stones were enrolled and randomly divided into the improved group and the conventional group ,with 46 cases in each group. The time of hemorrhage ,the time of common bile duct suture,the recovery time of gastrointestinal function,the time of hospitalization,body temperature,albumin and total bilirubin levels,complications and recurrence of stones were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results The time of hemorrhage,the time of common bile duct suture,the recovery time of gastrointestinal func-tion and the time of hospitalization in the improved group were lower than those in the conventional group(P<0.05, respectively). The body temperature of patients in the improved group was lower than that in the conventional group on 3 days after surgery(P<0.05). The overall incidence of postoperative complications in the improved group was lower than that in the conventional group (P < 0.05). No recurrence of stones was observed in both two groups. Conclusion The improved approach for laparoscopic common bile duct exploration surgery results in less bleed-ing,short common bile duct suture time,rapid postoperative recovery,less body temperature fluctuations and less complications,deserving popularization.

Objective To understand the progress of paclitaxel carriers, to provide theoretical support for research of paclitaxel carriers and clinical use of paclitaxel.Methods To study literatures on paclitaxel carriers recently and understand the research direction of paclitaxel carriers.Subsequently, the advantages and disadvantages of various paclitaxel carriers were analyzed and summarized.Results Paclitaxel as an effective anti-tumor chemotherapy drugs, had poorly water-soluble, serious toxicity and side effects, which limited the wide application of paclitaxel to some degree.Development of liposomes, micelles, microspheres, nanoparticles and other new dosage forms had broken these restrictions, which had vital significance.Conclusion Paclitaxel carriers can improve the solubility of the drug, reduce side effects, and develop toward multi-functional and finely targeted.

Objective To evaluate a reliable and noninvasive method for the diagnosis of acute rejection after liver transplantation.Methods The allogeneic, syngeneic and immunosuppresive models of orthotopic rat liver transplantation were established, and acute rejection was graded according to histopathological change. Bile was sent for cytology by microscopy,and the sequential detection of bile IL 2,IFN ?,IL 4 and IL 6 gene expression was performed at day 1 through day 7. Results The number of cells in bile was persistently high in allogeneic group,and blast and lymphocytes appeared in bile. IL 2 and IFN ? were detected only in allogeneic group,with a specificity of 70% and 67%(7/10 and 8/12),and a sensitivity of 39% and 44%(7/18 and 8/18)respectively.Conclusion Bile cytology and detection of IL 2 and IFN ?mRNA transcript are useful adjuvant diagnosic methods for acute rejection after liver transplantation.

Osteoarthritis is a common chronic degenerative disease, which is currently the main drug therapy.Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a kind of glycosaminoglycan in the interstitial cells, which has the character of viscoelasticity, lubricity, biocompatibility,biodegradability and anti-inflammatory. It is wide applicated in the treatment of osteoarthritis.However, the half-life of the common hyaluronic acid injected into the joint cavity is shorter, patients need frequent dosing and the compliance is poor, research on new uses of hyaluronic acid formulations and clinical pharmacy workers is the new direction of research.In this paper, the recent advance of HA on function, safety, effectivity and novel application in osteoarthritis therapy are summarized.

5 cases of orthotopic live transplantation (OLTX) were performed in unresectable hepatic cellular carcinoma(3),Wilson's disease(1)and hepatitis B(1).The donor livers were harvested by the technique of rapid multiple organ harvesting,flushed and preserved with UW solution.The veno-venous bypass was introduced during the anhepatic phase in the operation.The double or triple-drug immunosuppressive regimen was used and three episodes of acute rejection were controlled in two patients.One patient died of CMV infection and another,of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage on the 92nd and 58th postoperative day respectively.The other three are still alive for 35,150 and 210 days.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect and safety of dibutyl phthalate on demodicidosis. Methods A single blinded and controlled study of human demodicidosis treated with dibutyl phthalate was conducted. One hundred and forty three patients with demodicidosis, including 81 acne and 62 rosacea, randomly divided into trial and control groups. The trial group was treated with dibutyl phthalate and control group with "new fumanling" cream twice a day in the early morning and evening respectively for six weeks consecutively. Results The rates of excellent, good, and fair efficacy and total effective rate in the trial group with acne were 53\^7%, 41\^5%, 4\^9% and 100% respectively, with a significant difference to the control group (P0\^05). No complaint of side effects in the trial group was recorded. Conclusion Dibutyl phthalate is highly effective to demodicidosis without prominent adverse reactions.

Objective To compare the difference of serum heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and carbon monoxide(CO) levels between the patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) caused chronic heart failure(CHF) and CHD patients with normal cardiac function,and further to explore the protective mechanism of HO-1/CO system during the pathogenesis process of CHF.Methods Ninety-one patients with CHF were selected as the observation group and 72 CHD cases with normal cardiac function were taken as the control group.The concentration of HO-1 was determined by ELISA arid the Chalmer S method was used to detect serum CO concentration.The general clinical data of the two groups were recorded by the using the heart failure questionnaire.And the liver and kidney functions,blood lipids,NT-proBNP,BNP and cardiac echocardiography examination were performed.Results The serum HO-1 level in the observation group was (8.13±0.27)ng/mL,which was higher than (2.80±0.52)ng/mL in the control group;the CO level in the observation group was (0.35±0.06)mg/L,which was lower than(0.59±0.07)mg/L in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01);the HO-1 level in the observation group was gradually increased with the increase of cardiac function grade (P＜0.01);while the CO level was decreased with the increase of cardiac function grade (P＜0.01).Conclusion The serum HO-11evel in the patients with CHF is highly expressed with the heart failure aggravation;endogenous CO is gradually decreased due to consumption after cardiac failure aggravation.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and lymphocyte function associated with antigen-1( LFA-1) and acute rejection of liver transplantation in rats. Methods SD rats and Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, isograft group, and allograft group. Liver biopsies from the recipients were obtained on the day 2,4, and 7 postoperatively to examine the expression level of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 in liver grafts. Samples were firstly stained with specific monoclonal antibodies using immunohistochemistry stain and then applied to image semiquantitive analysis. Results The expression levels of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 in allograft group were obviously higher than those in both isograft group and normal group. Moreover, the expression levels of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 were correlated positively with the degree of acute liver rejection. Conclusions Detecting the expressions of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 in liver graft tissue may be helpful to the diagnosis of acute rejection after liver transplantation.