Objective To investigate the application of education of nursing safety in nursing technique teaching.Methods 60 cases of new entry nursing personnel in our hospital from December 2009to June 2010 were divided into the observation group and the control group,the control group was given traditional teaching methods of training and evaluation,the observation group was given nursing safety education on the basis of the control group.The evaluation of teaching methods,the testing score 1 year later and incidence rate of adverse events between two groups were compared.Results The observation group believed that their ability in the discovery,analysis,solving of the problems of nursing safety was enhanced by teaching.Theoretical examination results between two groups had no significant difference.But technique assessment score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the incidence of adverse nursing events was significantly lower than that in the control group.Conclusions The nursing safety education helps to improve the foresight ability in nursing safety,improve the occupational quality and ensure patients' safety.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of small dose Urapidil in the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure. Methods 60 patients with congestive heart failure (NYHA class Ⅲ～Ⅳ) were randomly assigned to treatment with Urapidil (n=30) and Nitroglycerin (n=30). Intravenous Urapidil (100?g/min) or Nitroglycerin (10～20?g/min) was administered for 5～7 days in addition to ordinary treatment. Heart rate, blood pressure were measured and echocardiography was performed before and after the treatment. And side effects were recorded. Results The total effective rate was 86 7% in the Urapidil group, and 90% in Nitroglycerin group. No significant differences of heart rate and blood pressure were found after treatment between two groups. The ejection fraction measured by echocardiography increased significantly in two groups after the treatment, but more significantly in the Urapidil group. Conclusions It is efficacious, safe and well tolerated for intravaneus small dose Urapidil to treat congestive heart failure.

Objective:To investigate the effect of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) by intra-bone marrow (IBM) or intravenous (IV) on the incidence of graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) after allogeneic peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT).Methods:Female C57BL/6 mice as recipients received total body irradiation (TBI) on day 0,followed by injection of peripheral hematopoietic stem cells from mobilized male BALB/c with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF),and DLI was performed via IV or IBM.The extent of GVHD was compared in recipients received allogeneic IBM-DLI with those received IV-DLI.The percentage of donor-derived cells and CD4~+CD25~+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) was detected by flow cytometry.14 days after DLI,the levels of IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ were tested by ELISA.Results:It was found that the frequency and severity of GVHD were reduced in IBM-DLI compared with that of IV-DLI (P＜0.01).7 days after transplantation,the percentage of H-2~d-positive cells was over 95% in all surviving transplanted mice;and 14 days after transplantation,the percentage of Tregs detected as CD4~+CD25~+ was significantly higher in recipients treated with IBM-DLI than those treated with IV-DLI(P＜0.01).Compared with that of the recipients in IBM-DLI group,the level of IL-4 was significantly decreased,while the level of IFN-γ were elevated in group IV-DLI (P＜0.01).Conclusion:IBM-DLI could induce the proliferation of Tregs and the Th polarizing to Th2,resulting in decreasing the incidence and alleviating severity of GVHD after allo-PBSCT.

BACKGROUND: Ethanol chemical damage method can be used to establish thin endometrium rat model. Expression of proliferation-related proteins is decreased in thin endometrium animal model, which contributes to the study of thin endometrium-related mechanism and provides guidance for clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE:To explore the changes in vimentin and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in rat modelsof high concentrations of ethanol-induced thin endometrium. METHODS: 0.3 mL 95% ethanol was slowly injected in the right uterus of female Sprague-Dawley rats to establish rat models of thin endometrium. An equal volume of physiological saline was injected into the left uterus as control sides. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The thickness of endometrium in the injured uterus was significantly thinner than the control ones. Number of glands reduced, structure became disorder, and vimentin and vascular endothelial growth factor expression markedly diminished. These results suggest that 95% ethanol injury can effectively establish rat models of thin endometrium. Proliferation-related protein expression altered in the thin endometrium.

Objective:To compare the immediate therapeutic effect and safety between esmolol and lanatoside in con-trolling ventricular rate for patients with rapid atrial fibrillation.Methods:A total of 72 patients with rapid atrial fi-brillation (ventricular rate ≥120 beats/min)were randomly and equally divided into esmolol group and lanatoside group.Esmolol group received first dosage of 0.5 mg/kg intravenously for 1 min,then were observed for 5 min,if ventricular rate still >100 beats/min or decreased <20%,the 0.5 mg/kg esmolol was appended,meanwhile main-tained by 0.05mg·kg-1 ·min-1 via micro pump at first,maintenance dose can increase to a maximum 0.3mg· kg-1 ·min-1;lanatoside group received first dosage of 0.4mg or 0.2mg slow intravenous injection,if ventricular rate still >100 beats/min or decreased<20%,the another 0.2mg was appended.The onset time and adverse reac-tions were recorded after administration.Results:Compared with lanatoside group,there was significant reduction in mean onset time [(39.2±8.7)min vs.(5.6±3.1)min]in esmolol group,P<0.01;compared with before adminis-tration,there was significant decrease in ventricular rate in two groups after administration,P<0.05 or<0.01. On 2h af-ter administration,compared with lanatoside group,there was significant increase in decreasing range of ventricular rate (29% vs.39%)in esmolol group,P<0.05. The total effective rate and adverse reaction rate was no significant difference (P>0.05)between two groups.Conclusion:Intravenous using esmolol is efficient and safe,and it can be regarded as pre-ferred therapy to control ventricular rate in patients with rapid atrial fibrillation.

Objective To investigate the difference among neonatal rat models of hypoxia-ischemia induced white matter injury of brain by three different methods and to provide theory basis on choosing the proper animal model for deep study on white matter injury of premature infants.Methods Three different hypoxia-ischemia methods were applied to induce brain white matter injury model of Wistar rats of postnatal 3rd day which were left carotid artery ligation followed by 6％ oxygen for 30 minutes and for 4 hours respectively,and bilateral carotid artery ligation followed by 8％ oxygen for 30 minutes.Compared brain pathological results of rats in different groups,changes in white matter of brain by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and myelin basic protein (MBP) immunostaining,and changes in time of opening eyes and eyes appearance.Results Left carotid artery ligation followed by 6％ oxygen for 30 minutes resulted in sparse and vague periventricular white matter without necrotic lesions,and the degree of GFAP intensity [(5 021.63 ± 358.92) OD] increase and MBP intensity [(18 488.63 ± 1 822.62) OD] decrease were lowest (P ＜ 0.000 1),as well as the delay of opening time of the left eye.Left carotid artery ligation followed by 6％ oxygen for 4 hours resulted in necrotic lesions of periventricular white matter,with the degree of GFAP intensity [(6 069.13 ± 458.61) OD] and MBP intensity [(15 003.38 ± 1 559.11) OD],and also the delay of opening time of the left eye.Bilateral carotid artery ligation followed by 8％ oxygen for 30 minutes caused cystic necrosis of bilateral periventricular white matters,and the degree of GFAP intensity [(6 194.50 ±432.69) OD] increase and MBP intensity [(10 119.35 ± 735.16) OD] decrease of the left side were highest(P ＜ 0.000 1),as well as the delay of opening time and cataract in both eyes.Conclusion Left carotid artery ligation followed by 6％ oxygen for 30 minutes is more suitable for investigating mild brain white matter injury.Left carotid artery ligation followed by 6％ oxygen for 4 hours and bilateral carotid artery ligation followed by 8％ oxygen for 30 minutes are more proper for the investigation of severe periventricular leukemacia cases.

Objective To explore the value of evaluating rat liver fibrosis using contrast enhanced sonography.Methods Carbon tetrachloride was used to induce liver fibrosis.Under the mode of pulse-inversion harmonic imaging,ultrasound contrast agent was bolus iniected through tail vein,hepatic artery arrival time(HAAT),portal vein arrival time(PVAT),hepatic vein arrival time(HVAT)was recorded,and their relationship with immunohistochemical results were analyzed.Results There was no statistical difference of HAAT,PVAT between two groups among S0-S4 stage.HVAT was shorter in S3 and S4 stage than in S0-S2 stage(P＜0.05).HVAT was negative correlated with the percentage of immunohistochemical positive area of C-Ⅳ,LN,the correlation coefficients were-0.680 and -0.639 respectively.Conclusions Contrast enhanced sonography is useful for the diagnosing liver fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE:A HPLC method has been developed to determine the concentration of isoniazid in plasma.METH_ODS:The Eclipse XDB-C18 column was used as fix phase and acetonitrile-0.05mol/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as mo_bile phase,detection wavelength was 280nm.The plasma sample was injected directly for determination after being deproteinized with 10% trichloroacetic acid and reacted with cinnamaldehyde and abstracted with ether.RESULTS:Good linear relationship was shown from 0.10 to 12.0?g/ml and the averge recovery of isoniazid was 95%～105%.CONCLUSION:The method is rapid,sensitive and is rarely interfered so it can be used in study of pharmacokinetics of isoniazid.

Aim To illustrate the role of Tanshinone IIA(TanIIA)extracted from dan-shen root in atherosclerosis and its different targets by investigating the effect on the expression of NF-?B、I?B-? and the mRNA of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in human umbilical vascular endothelial cell 304(ECV304).Mehods The TNF-?-induced cultured ECV-304 cell injury model was established to analyze the expression of NF-?B、I?B-? by cell ELISA method and the mRNA of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 by RT-PCR method of the cells cultured with different denses of TanIIA.Results The results of ELISA method showed that the expression of the NF-?B was reduced significantly and the expression of the I?B-? was enhanced significantly in ECV304 which were cultured with higher denses of TanIIA.The results of RT-PCR method showed that the mRNA of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 induced by TNF-? was significantly refrained.Conclusions TanIIA has a significant effect on inhibiting the mRNA of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 induced by the NF-?B activation,so it can play an impotant role in resisting atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of compound rifampicin tablets MET_HODS:Plasma levels of rifampicin(RFP),isoniazid(INH)and pyrazinamid(PZA) at different time were determined by HPLC methods,then we drew the time-concentration curves and got the pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability of test-tablets based on the curves RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of RFP,INH and PZA in test-tablets were:Tmax,(1 69?0 60)h,(0 94?0 57)h and(2 36?1 10)h;Cmax,(9 86?2 09)?g/ml,(5 36?1 77)?g/ml and (16 20?4 85)?g/ml;T1/2,(3 43?0 72)h,(2 98?0 75)h and(9 26?1 58)h;AUC0～t,(59 34?13 17)?g/(ml?h),(21 87?14 29)?g/(ml?h) and(212 97?71 52)?g/(ml?h) respectively The main pharmacokinetic parameters of RFP,INH and PZA in control tablets were Tmax,(1 83?0 66)h,(0 86?0 38)h and (2 08?0 97)h;Cmax,(9 98?1 63)?g/ml,(5 60?2 01)?g/ml and (17 79?4 57)?g/ml;T1/2,(3 97?1 58)h,(3 15?0 88)h and (9 36?1 85)h;AUC0～t,(62 46?14 02)?g?h/ml,(21 39?14 53)?g/(ml?h) and (227 09?70 91)?g/(ml?h) respectively The relative bioavailability of test-tablets were (98 47?15 00)%,(103 76?15 80)% and (94 38?12 07)% CONCLUSION:The results of two one-sided tests and rank sum test showed that two formulae were statistically bioequivalent