AIM　To study the inhibitory effects of indomethacin and meloxicam on NF-κB from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated peritoneal macrophages of mice. METHODS　NF-κB was measured with the method of electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). RESULTS　After induction by LPS at the concentrations of 1 and 3 μg.mL-1, the NF-κB content of the mouse peritoneal macrophages increased markedly. Indomethacin and meloxicam, at the concentrations of 10-7-10-5 mol.L-1, decreased the activation of NF-κB at the concentrations of 1 and 3 μg.mL-1 in activated mouse peritoneal macrophages induced with LPS at the concentrations of 1 and 3 μg.mL-1. CONCLUSION　The inhibitory effects of indomethacin and meloxicam on NF-κB activation may be one of their mechanisms of antiinflammatory actions.

A protein designated as Flammulina Velutipes (FV) protein was isolated from the cultured mycelium of FV and purified to homogeneity by CM cellulose CM 52 and gel filtration chromatography. The molecular weight of FV protein were found to be 1.75?10~4u with pI 4.3. Amino acid analysis of FV protein indicated the presence of 14 kinds of amino acids, especially rich in Glu, Asp and Thr.Potent inhibitory effect of FV protein on thrombus formation, in the blood was observed in vitro when rats were given intravenously. The length of thrombus was shortened and the dry weight of the thrombus decreased significantly at the dose of 7.5?10~(-7) mol/kg. Thrombus formation was completely inhibited at the dose of 10~()-8 mol/kg. The IC_(50) was found to be 4.4?10~(-7) mol/kg. FV protein was shown to inhibit collegen induced aggregation of rat platelets both in vitro and in vivo. Its concentration for complete inhibition in vitro was 7.5?10~(-5) mol/L. The IC_(50) was found to be 4?10~(-5)mol/ L. However, FV protein dose of 1.25?10~(-5) mol/kg was required for 60% inhibition in vivo

AIM　To investigate the effects of ginkgolide B on arachidonic acid (AA) metabolizing enzymes and the level of intracellular calcium in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes. METHODS　Intracellular free calcium was quantitated by Fura-2 fluoresence technique. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity was determined by incorporating 3H-arachidonic acid in leukocytes. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) activity was evaluated by RP-HPLC. RESULTS　In comparison with control, ginkgolide B at final concentration of 0.1-10 μmol*L-1 inhibited A23187 induced AA release by 10.9%-22.2%; at final concentration of 0.1-50 μmol*L-1, ginkgolide B inhibited LTB4 and 5-HETE synthesis stimulated by PAF by 29.4%-88.8% and 26.2%-89.3% respectively. At the final concentration of 0.1-100 μmol*L-1, ginkgolide B decreased the rise of intracelluar calcium level induced by pletelet activating factor (PAF) and N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenglalanine (fMLP) by 13.9%-51.4% and 2.2%-36.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION　Ginkgolide B was found to significantly inhibit PLA2 and 5-LO activities, as well as the increase of the intracellular calcium induced by PAF.

AIM　To study the protective effect of Gn-3 (a stilbene polymer isolated from Gnetum parvifolium) against liver injury induced by CCl4, N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP) and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) plus bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. METHODS　The experimental model of liver injury were induced by 0.1% CCl4 ip (10 mL*kg-1*d-1 for 3d), APAP ip (150 mg*kg-1) or BCG (5 mg) plus LPS (7.5 μg) in mice. The levels of ALT in serum, MDA and GSH in liver tissues were detected. The histopathologic changes were observed by light microscope. RESULTS　Gn-3 was shown to markedly reduce the elevated serum ALT levels, liver tissue MDA and improve the histopathological changes in all the three experimental liver injury models. No effect of Gn-3 was observed on the liver GSH level in liver injury mice. CONCLUSION　Gn-3 was found to inhibit the development of liver injury caused by CCl4, APAP, or BCG plus LPS. This means that Gn-3 has liver protective effects.

Objective To identify the sounces of occupational stress and explore the relationship between occupational slreas and social support for nurses in ICU.Methods A descriptive and correlation design was used in this study.From July to October in 2007,159 nurses from 8 ICU and 160 nurses from common wards completed the questionnaires.Statistical analysis was performed for the investigation results.Results The ayes age score of occupational stress for nurses in ICU was (3.41±0.73),which was in a moderate to high level.The main stress was that they regarded nursing as a high risk career,maximums working intensity,always overload work and frequent night-shift.While the average score of occupational stress for nurses in common wards was (3.29±1.05).The main stress was that they regarded nursing as a high risk career,Score of occupational stress between nurses in ICU and com wards had no statistical difference(P＞0.05).There was a significant negative correlation between occupational stress and social support for nurses in ICU(r=-0.159,P＜0.05).And the sup port by friends was into the equalion by multi-linear regression.Conclusions The level of occupational stress for murses in ICU was fairly hish.Scientific management of human resource,reducing work pressure of nurses and workloed,exerting various social support will benefit for reducing the stress of nurses in ICU.

A new pyranocoumarin as an analogue of calophyllolide, compound 6, is firstly prepared and reported to have potent anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenin-induced edema in rats.

Aim To study the effects of ginsenoside-Ro on cell proliferation and cytokine production in murine splenocytes. Methods The effect of ginsenoside-Ro on murine splenocytes proliferation was studied using [3 H] thymidine incorporation assay. Effects of ginsenoside-Ro on the production of cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) from murine splenocytes were detected by ELISA method. Effects of ginsenoside-Ro on mRNA level of Th1 cytokine IFN-γ and Th2cytokine IL-4 were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis.Results Ginsenoside-Ro showed no mitogenic effect on unstimulated murine splenocytes. It enhanced the proliferation of Con A-induced murine splenocytes and the production of IL-2 at concentrations of 1 - 10decreased the production and expression of Th1 cytokine IFN-γ in Con A-induced murine splenocytes at regulating the production and expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in murine splenocytes.

Objective To explore the effect of nursing of Traditional Chinese Medicine on cognitive function among aged people with mild cognitive impairment in elderly care institution. Methods A total of 66 cases with mild cognitive impairment elderly that previously were screened out from two pension institutions in Taiyuan city as the research objects. According to the endowment institutions where the objects of study dwelled was divided into control group (34 cases) and intervention group (32 cases). The intervention group accepted nursing of Traditional Chinese Medicine plan for four months. The control group received the disease related knowledge health education. The cognitive function of the two groups were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA) before and after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, two groups had no statistical significance in each dimension score and total score of MoCA. After the intervention, four dimensions scores including ability of visual spatial and execute , attention , delayed recall , directional force and the total score of the intervention group respectively were (2.67±1.09) points, (4.07±1.08) points, (1.97±0.81) points, (4.83±0.99) points, (18.80±1.74) points while the control group were (2.15 ± 0.71) points, (3.30 ± 0.63) points, (1.39 ± 0.97) points, (4.24 ± 1.41) points, (15.06 ± 2.98) points, and the difference was statistically significant (t=1.91-6.06, P < 0.05 or 0.01) ;Before intervention the language score, delayed recall score and the total score of the intervention group were (1.43±0.77) points, (1.57±1.10) points, (17.27±1.99) points, respectively while after the intervention were (1.80 ± 0.66) points, (1.97 ± 0.81) points, (18.80 ± 1.74) points, there was statistically significant difference (t =-2.16,-2.11,- 4.34, P < 0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions Nursing of Traditional Chinese Medicine can delay the process of cognitive decline of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly, and have a certain effect on prevention and treatment of patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of ICU nurses' perception disturbance in pain management.Methods One hundred and fifty-seven ICU nurses recruited from 5 first glass grade A hospitals in Guangdong were involved in the survey by the Perception Disturbance in Pain Management Scale.Results The average total score of the ICU nurses by the scale was(3.00±0.38). The dimensions were ranked in an ascending order to be‘nurses themselves’(3.16±0.45),‘government and hospital policies’ (3.11±0.74)and‘patients and their families’(2.59±0.49).The major factors influencing the disturbance were work experience and attention from the hospital administration.Conclusions ICU nurses have disturbance of perception in pain management.The training on pain management to them should be enhanced and the attention to the disturbance from hospital administration should be improved for the purpose of improving their knowledge on pain management and reducing the disturbance of perceptioin.

Objective To analyze the simple sequence repeat(SSR)information in expressed sequence tag(EST)resource of Saruma henryi and lay a solid foundation for the development of EST-SSR markers in this species.Methods ESTs of S.henryi were downloaded from GenBank and used to perform the contig assembly using Sequencher 4.8.Uni-ESTs were obtained and screened for SSR-containing unigenes using SciRoKo 3.4.The distributing frequency of the EST-SSRs and the basic characteristics of motifs were analyzed.Results A total of 10 274 ESTs of S.henryi were retrieved and were assembled into 6 643 non-redundant Uni-ESTs with a total length of 5.11?106 bp.In all,the data mining yielded 1 408 SSR loci,which corresponded to 1 232 Uni-ESTs(18.55%).On average,EST-SSRs spanned 22.30 bp,and occurred every 3.63 kb in length.In S.henryi,mononucleotide repeats predominated with an occurrence frequency of 12.24%.Dinucleotide repeats followed with a frequency of 5.01%.The most frequent one was A/T among all the repeat motifs,then followed by AG/CT.Conclusion SSRs in ESTs of S.henryi display a relatively high level of occurrence frequency and show abundance of types.