To understand the adverse drug reaction (ADR) induced by Mailuoning injection. 162 ADRs due to the drug were retrieved from national medical journals of 1988-2007 for statistics. It was shown that there was no relationship between ADR and dosage, but ADR appeared mostly in middle-aged and old groups, and more in male than in female. The occurrence of ADR was commonly within 30 min after injection. It involved injuries of various systems and organs. As for the 123 cases of allergy, 38 were anaphylactic shock (accounting for 23.46%), two people died. ADR characterized by immediate type on initial use and tachy type. It should be paid more attention to the Mailuoning injection for the immediate hypersensitivity reaction (such as anaphylactic shock).
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anaphylaxis ; chemically induced ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Child ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo prepare the cross-linked chitosan/poly(acrylic acid)/poly (ethylene oxide) nanofibrous membrance loaded with pseudo-ginseng and to determine its characteristics.

METHODSPseudo-ginseng entrapped in chitosan, poly (acrylic acid), poly (ethylene oxide) nanofibrous membrane loaded with pseudo-ginseng was prepared by electrospinning and thermal treatment method. The surface morphology of fiber membrane was observed by scanning electron microscopy and the chemical structures were characterized by infrared spectroscopy; the thermal decomposition temperature was analyzed by the thermogravimetric analysis. UV-Vis spectra were used to evaluate the in vitro release properties.

RESULTSThe average diameter of the prepared nanofibrous particles was (181 ± 71) nm. The tensile strength of fiber membrane increased by 35.3% and the decomposition temperature increased from 197℃ to 208℃ after crosslinking. Compared with casting film, the structure of fiber membrane increased the release rate and the overall amount of active components from pseudo-ginseng.

CONCLUSIONThe preparation of chitosan fiber loaded with pseudo-ginseng is simple and the dispersion of pseudo-ginseng is homogeneous. This fibrous pseudo-ginseng exhibited good release performance, providing a new Chinese medicine formulation.

Acrylic Resins ; chemistry ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Panax ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo explore the association of the glycophorin A(GPA) gene mutation in peripheral erythrocytes and chronic benzene poisoning.

METHODSSixty-three patients with chronic benzene poisonings and 45 benzene-exposed workers who were engaged in the same job title were investigated. Fluorescence immunolabeling technique and flow cytometry were used to detect GPA mutation frequency in peripheral read blood cell.

RESULTSA significant decrease in WBC count and neutrophil count was found in patients with chronic benzene poisoning compared with control individuals (P<0.01). The WBC count and neutrophil count both decreased along with the GPA-NN frequency, and the trends were significant(P<0.05).Both WBC counts and neutrophil counts decreased as the frequency, and trends were significant(P<0.05). GPA-NN frequency increased along with the accumulative exposure score, and the trend was significant (P = 0.0026). There was no significant trend between the GPA-Nphi frequency and the accumulative exposure score (P = 0.2037).

CONCLUSIONA decrease in WBC count and neutrophil count is found in patients with chronic benzene poisoning, which can arise from genetic damage in bone marrow stem cells, namely gene-duplicating mutations (NN) at the GPA locus in bone marrow cells of MN-heterozygous subjects, GPA-NN mutagens contributed to the pathogenesis of chronic benzene poisoning.

Adult ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Bone Marrow Cells ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Erythrocytes ; pathology ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Glycophorin ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation Rate ; Neutrophils ; pathology

Objective To discuss the influence of pomegranate polyphenols in cognitive impairment of chronic cerebral hypo-perfused rats.Methods Healthy male Wistar rats were selected in our study and randomly divided into sham-operated group,bilateral common carotid artery occlusion/two-vessel occlusion group (2VO control group) and 2VO+PJ (pomegranate Juice) group.The chronic cerebral hypo-perfused rat models were established by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries of rats; one week after surgery,the rats in the first two groups were fed with sugar water and those in the last group were fed with pomegranate juice at a dosage of 2 mL/d by gavage for 7 weeks.Then,spatial learning and memory abilities were assessed using Morris water maze test.After that,the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cortex and hippocampus were assessed by biochemical determinations.The protein expression level of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) was detected by Western blotting.Results The time of escape latencies in 2VO control group was longer while the time spent in object square was shorter than those of sham-operated group (P＜0.05); the time spent in the object square of 2VO+PJ group ([6.18±1.32] s) was significantly longer as compared with that of 2VO control group ([3.96±1.65] s,P＜0.05),and that of the escape latencies was shorter as compared with that of 2VO control group (P＜0.05).The SOD levels in the 2VO+PJ group (the cortex:[19.79±3.34] U/mg prot,the hippocampus:[20.87±0.77] U/mg prot) were significantly higher than those of 2VO control group (the cortex [15.79±0.39],the hippocampus [18.90±0.81],P＜0.05).The MDA levels in the 2VO+PJ group (the cortex:[1.21±0.29] nmol/mg prot,the hippocampus [2.31±0.35] nmol/mg prot)were obviously lower than those of 2VO control group (the cortex [1.74±0.42],the hippocampus [2.86±0.51],P＜0.05).The 4-HNE level in the 2VO+PJ was significantly lower than that of 2VO control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Pomegranate polyphenol can improve the cognitive impairment in rats after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,which may be related to its anti-oxidative effect.

Study on features of acupoints with resistance test in the past half century is reviewed in this article. Mechanism and technology of the method are introduced as well as its shortcomings. The determination method of signal transmission along meridians with the combination of electrical network theories and practice is advanced. And the result of a series experiments on one meridian at the superficial part of the body are given as well. Thus, it is concluded that the signals of the point-in/point-out and the signals along a non-meridian path with the same distance are significantly different, which gives a verification of the feasibility of the method by using electrical network theories to set out characteristics of signal transmission along meridians dynamically.
Acupuncture Points ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Electrophysiology ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Meridians ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical manifestations and risk factors of the patients from developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH) family.

METHODSDetailed epidemiology investigation, physical examination, functional movement assessment, lab test and X-ray examination were applied to the whole members of a DDH family.

RESULTSIn the family with 9 generations and 218 persons, the incidence of DDH was 31.03% in 145 survivors. Patients mainly manifested bilateral knee and hip joint pain, flexion contracture of hip, limitation in internal and external rotation of hip; a few had arthritic functional disorder, deformation, and limp. The radiography illustrated shallow acetabulum with increased inclination, which encompassed the femoral head badly. Deformation of the femoral head, narrow joint space and osteophyte were also found by X-ray examination. The main risk factors of DDH were genetic factors, gender, birth season etc. The son or daughter with one or two DDH parents had a higher risk for developing DDH than those with no DDH parents. Furthermore, first-degree relatives of the DDH patients also had a greater chance to develop DDH than second-degree relatives and third-degree relatives. The incidence among females was higher than males, and the family member who was given birth in winter had a highest risk for developing DDH. However, there was no difference between incidence of DDH in children and youths and in adults; the incidence of DDH in the immigrants with no blood relationship also did not differ from the incidence of DDH in the family member.

CONCLUSIONThe genetic factors play an important role in the development of DDH, so do the environmental factors.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Family Health ; Female ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of ex vivo expansion on the adhesion activities of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC).

METHODSFresh UCB CD(34)(+) cells were cultured in a serum and stroma-free culture system. At day 7, day 10 and day 14, CD(34)(+) cells were re-selected from the expanded products. The expression of adhesion molecules (CAMs) such as VLA-4, VLA-5, LFA-1, ICAM-1, HCAM, L-selectin and PECAM-1, and the adhesion activity of the expanded CD(34)(+) cells were evaluated and compared with those of precultured fresh CD(34)(+) cells.

RESULTS(1) The CD(34)(+) cells expressing homing-related CAMs were increased (from 15-fold increase for CD(34)(+) CD(54)(+) subset to 72-fold increase for CD(34)(+) CD(49e)(+) subset at day 14). (2) The expressions of CD(49d), CD(44), CD(11a) and CD(49e) on the expanded CD(34)(+) cells were increased or sustained the same levels as those on fresh UCB CD(34)(+) cells, while the expression of CD(62L), CD(54) and CD(31) on expanded CD(34)(+) cells declined with the cultivating. (3) Spontaneous adhesion and SDF-1-induced adhesion tended to be increased in the course of the first 10 day's culture.

CONCLUSIONSThe culture system used in this study could substantially support the expansion of HSPCs expressing the above CAMs, and the expanded HSPCs would sustain their intrinsic adhesion potentials.

Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; biosynthesis ; Cell Division ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo observe the prognostic value of admission B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) on outcome for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF).

METHODSBlood BNP levels, routine echocardiography and tissue Doppler image were obtained in 162 CHF patients [95 male, mean age: (71.8±3.7) years] at admission. Patients were divided into high BNP (BNP>1500 ng/L, n=104) and low BNP (BNP≤1500 ng/L, n=58) groups. All patients were followed up for 2 years and clinical characteristics, echocardiography including Doppler image and cardiovascular events results were analyzed. Data were also compared between patients with (n=48) or without (n=107) cardiovascular events.

RESULTSLeft ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) was significantly lower [(40.9±5.6)% vs. (44.0±5.9)%, P<0.01] while the total cardiovascular events rate (49.1% vs. 21.0%, P<0.01) and cardiac mortality rate (25.5% vs. 9.0%, P<0.01) were significantly higher in high BNP group than in low BNP group. BNP level at admission in event group was significantly higher than in event-free group [(2875.4±325.7) ng/L vs. (1136.9±298.6) ng/L, P<0.000]. BNP level was positively related to Tei-index (r=0.793, P<0.001) and negatively correlated with LVEF (r=-0.57, P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that BNP, LVEF, Tei-index and β-blocker use were independent risk factors for cardiovascular events. The area under the ROC curve for predicting cardiovascular death within 2 years in event group by BNP was 0.795 (95%CI 0.693-0.935, sensitivity: 72.31% and specificity: 84.62%, cut-off BNP value: 1910 ng/L). The event risk was 2.17 times higher in CHF patients with admission BNP>1910 ng/L compared CHF patients with admission BNP≤1910 ng/L (95%CI: 1.852-2.954, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONAdmission BNP level, LVEF, Tei-index and β-blocker use are independent risk factors for cardiovascular events in patients with CHF. Patients with higher admission BNP level (>1910 ng/L) is linked with worse prognosis in this patient cohort.

Aged ; Female ; Heart Failure ; blood ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; blood ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of vcam-1 gene-modified human umbilical cord blood derived stromal cells (CBDSCs) on hematopoietic regulation so as to establish the experimental foundation for further study. The target gene vcam-1 was cloned into the shuttle plasmid with the report gene GFP. The recombinant shuttle plasmid was transformed into BJ5183 bacteria to recombine with backbone vector pAdeasy-l, and the recombinant adenoviral vector ad-vcam-1-gfp was confirmed after transfection with CBDSCs. The results indicated that two fragments of about 9 kb and 2 kb were obtained after digestion of recombinant plasmid pAdTrack-vcam-1 with NotIand XhoI, and single fragment of 600 bp was obtained after amplification with PCR; two fragments of about 31 kb and 4 kb were obtained after digestion of recombinant plasmid pad-vcam-1-gfp with PacI, which suggested a successful homologous recombination. The expression of vcam-1 gene in ad-vcam-1-gfp transfected CBDSCs could be detected by immunocytochemistry, RT-PCR and fluorescent microscopy. It is concluded that the recombinant adenoviral vector ad-vcam-1-gfp has been constructed successfully, and the expression of vcam-1 is up-regulated in CBDSCs transfected by gene ad-vcam-1-gfp.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Transfection ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of preoperative radiochemotherapy and investigate the influencing factors in rectal cancer.

METHODSFifty-three patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were treated with radiochemotherapy before surgery. Three-field technique of radiation therapy was administered with 46 Gy, 2 Gy per fraction, five times a week. Two cycles of chemotherapy were carried out at day 1, 2 and day 21, 22 during the radiation course. Surgery was performed 4-6 weeks after the radiochemotherapy. Response of preoperative radiochemotherapy was evaluated in all the patients by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), spiral computed tomography (SCT) and pathology. Influencing factors of the efficacy of radiochemotherapy were evaluated by univariate and Logistic analysis.

RESULTSUnivariate analysis revealed that tumor size and histological grading were associated with the efficacy of preoperative radiochemotherapy. Logistic regression analysis showed that only tumor size was the significant predictive factor for response to preoperative radiochemotherapy. All patients underwent surgical resection after preoperative radiochemotherapy. The tumor was reduced by an average of 32.1%. T-level down-staging was 64.2%. Nodal negativity was 58.1%. Complete pathologic remission occurred in 11 patients.

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative radiochemotherapy can shrink the primary tumor and decrease lymph node metastasis rate. Patient with small tumor may have better response to preoperative radiochemotherapy.

Adult ; Aged ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Rectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult