Background The occurrence of experimental myopia may be related to glucagon,and within the range of certain concentration,glucagon may inhibit the development of myopia,but its exact action mechanism is not completely clear.Objective Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of glucagon on the proliferation of guinea pig scleral fibroblast cells(GSFCs) and the possible role of glucagon in myopic scleral remodeling.Methods The scleral tissue was obtaincd from the clean blooded guinea pig aged 15 days.GSFCs were cultured and identified with vimentin antibody,cytokeratin antibody and S-100 antibody.0,5,10,50,100,200 μg/L glucagon was added into the different cultured hole for 24 hours respectively,and the growth and proliferation (A490 value) of GSFCs was detected by MTT colorimetric assay.Then the A490 value of GSFCs was assayed in 1 day,2,3,5,7 days under the 50 μg/L glucagon action.Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2)levels(A450 value)in GSFCs were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA)72 hours after the cells cultured.Results Passaged GSFCs showed the dendric array at lower density and gyrate array at the higher density with the positive response for vimentin.A490 values of GSFCs were gradually increased with the rise of glucagon concentration(F=32.340,P=0.013).When the glucagon concentration was 10-200 μg/L,the A490Value of GSFCs was higher than that without glucagon group,showing signifitant differences between them(t =5.575,6.627,16.074,12.003,P＜0.05).Under the 50 μg/L glucagon action,A490 values were significantly accented with the time lapse (Ftime =10.610,P =0.024),and the A490 values also were significantly higher than the parallel control groups without glucagon(Fgroup =9.068,P=0.039).MMP-2 level was gradually declined with the enhance of glucagon within range of 5-200 μg/L(F=153.639,P=0.036),but no significant difference was found in TIMP-2 expression(F=24.770,P=3.250).Conclusions Glucagon can promote the proliferation of GSFCs in vitro,and the synthesis of MMP-2shows a concentration-and time-dependent manner.

Background The in vitro culture of retinal vascular endothelial cells is the foundation of experimental study of retinal vascular disease. Shortage of human donor eyeballs is a main limiting for the laboratory work. The culture method of rat-derived vascular endothelial cells has been established. However, this method is not enough effective because of severer cellullar injury. Objective Present study was to establish a simple and high effective method for the culture of vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Methods The retinas from 5 SPF SD rats was digested by 0. 1% collagenase and cultured with explant culture method. 20% fetal bovine serum, vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) , insulin-transferrin-selenium( ITS) were composed into the endothelial cell culture medium, and enough blowing was performed to get the cells and fragments from retinal tissue. The cellular suspension was prepared and cultured consequently on human fibronectin-coated culture flasks. Cultured vascular endothelial cells were identified by anti-von Willebrand staining factor. Results The cells emerged from the tissue mass,and cells and some tissue fragments attached to the wall after 24 hours of seeding. The cells grew to show the fusiform in 4 days and merged together in 5 to 6 days,and a cell monolayer was seen in the 14th day after culture. The endothelial cells showed the positive response for von Willebrand factor. After passage, the merging-growth statue of the cells was regained in 2 hours after culture. Conclusion Use of retinal pieces and collagenase-digestion can get the vascular endothelial cells with better activity in vitro. The culture method based on highly selective endothelial cell culture medium associated to FN adhesion-promoting is helpful for gaining the purified of endothelial cells.

OBJECTIVETo study the growth inhibition effect of Brucea javanica Fruit Oil Emulsion (BJFOE) on human ovarian caner SKOV3 cells and the transplanted tumor of SKOV3 nude mice.

METHODSGrowth inhibition effects of different concentrations BJFOE alone or its combination with cisplatin on human ovarian cancer cell SKOV3 were measured using MTT method. The orthotopic transplantation tumor model of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell lines was established in nude mice. Totally 32 ovarian cancer nude mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e., the blank control group (Group A), the BJFOE group (Group B), the BJFOE combined Cisplatin group (Group C), and the Cisplatin control group (Group D), 8 in each group. Mice in Group A were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline (0.2 mL/ 20 g), once per two days. Mice in Group B were intraperitoneally injected with BJFOE (0.2 mL/20 g), once per two days. Mice in Group C were intraperitoneally injected with cisplatin (3 mg/kg) 0.2 mL on the first day, and intraperitoneally injected with BJFOE on the second day. Mice in Group D were intraperitoneally injected with cisplatin (3 mg/kg) 0.2 mL, once per two days. All mice were injected for six times, and sacrificed 48 h after the last injection. The lesion formation of the abdominal tumor tissue was observed. Tumor specimens were obtained to perform HE staining. Expression levels of MRP-1/CD9 and integrinα-5 were detected using Western blot.

RESULTSThe inhibition of BJFOE was time-dose depend- ently correlated with its inhibition effect of SKOV3 cells. The inhibition effect of BJFOE in combination of cisplatin was significantly superior to that of using any of the two drugs alone. Western blot results showed expression levels of MRP-1/CD9 and integrinα-5 were up-regulated in Group B and Group D with statistical difference (P < 0.05). But they were down-regulated in Group C with statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIntraperitoneal injecting BJFOE was feasible and effective for treating ovarian cancer. BJFOE also could inhibit the invasion and migration of tumor cells targeting at MRP-1/CD9 and integrinα-5. But its specific anti-tumor mechanism was not clearly probed.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Brucea ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Plant Oils ; pharmacology

Endometriosis (EM) is one of the common and frequently encountered gynecological diseases that seriously influences women's health. Its morbidity reaches 10%-15% in women at reproductive ages, and shows an evident rising tendency. In recent years, the Chinese medicine treatment of EM has won favorable therapeutic effects with few adverse reactions. A brief review on this topic has been made through analyzing and summarizing recent pertinent literatures in terms of treatment depending on syndrome differentiation, cycle treatment, external treatment, integrative medicinal treatment, so as to try to know the status quo of Chinese medicine treatment on EM, and to provide some instructive views for clinical treatment and research.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends ; Menstruation ; drug effects ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo present a method of quantitative diagnosis of craniofacial skeleton deformities based on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT).

METHODS20 cases with facial asymmetric deformities underwent 3D CT and the 3D images were reconstructed by Mimics 10.0 (Belgium). Anatomical landmarks were located and the coordinate of the landmarks obtained. Axial images of 1 patient with Romberg disease was used as representative case. The differences in the distance between the right landmarks and the left were calculated and analyzed.

RESULTSThe measurement results were not significantly different between two stages with an interval of 4 weeks ( P > 0.05), showing a reproducible resutls. The deviation of landmarks at facial midline increased gradually from upward to downward, reaching (2.63 +/- 0.54) mm at menton point. Paired landmarks showed asymmetry in three dimensions, especially gonion point on the left side, which was deviated 10.21 mm inward, 9.26 mm forward, 6.30 mm upward, compared to the opposite side.

CONCLUSIONSThe method of 3D CT quantitative analysis can provide precise information in the diagnosis and treatment planning of facial asymmetry deformity.

Anatomic Landmarks ; diagnostic imaging ; Cephalometry ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Facial Asymmetry ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the morphological features and immunophenotype of unspecified peripheral T cell lymphoma with distinct lymphoid follicular growth pattern.

METHODSThree cases of peripheral T cell lymphoma with special pathohistological features were collected. Morphologic analysis and immunohistochemical staining for CD3, CD45RO, CD43, CD20, CD79a, cyclinD1, bcl-2, CD4, CD8 and S-100 were performed. PCR was used to study TCR gamma gene rearrangements.

RESULTSThe main symptoms of all the three patients with the primary sites of cervix and lower jaw. There were intermittent fever and skin rashes in the course of the disease. Morphological study showed lymphoid follicular reactive hyperplasia, mantle zone disappear, prominent infiltration of marginal zones by medium-sized tumor cells with clear cytoplasm and significant nuclear atypia. The immunophenotypic profile confirmed that they were T cell lymphomas. TCR gamma gene rearrangements were found in all the three patients.

CONCLUSIONIn some unspecified peripheral T cell lymphomas, the distinct follicular growth pattern and incomplete effacement of the lymph node architecture make it necessary to differentiate them from reactive hyperplasia, marginal zone B cell lymphoma, follicular B cell lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma.

Adult ; Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Cyclin D1 ; analysis ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; S100 Proteins ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo provide scientific evidence of making measures for prevention of pesticide poisoning, the investigation on the condition of pesticides poisoning was carried out in Wuhan.

METHODSRegistration data of pesticide poisoning from 2002 to 2010 in Wuhan were collected and statistically analyzed by SAS 9.1.

RESULTSDuring the nine years, there were 4713 cases reported for pesticide poisoning. Among them, the number of occupational poisoning was 2737 (2 cases died), with fatality rate of 0.07%. The number of non-occupational poisoning was 1976 (159 cases died), and its fatality rate was 8.05%. The incidence of occupational poisoning and non-occupational poisoning accounted for 58.1% and 41.9%, respectively. Insecticides especially organophosphorus insecticides, such as parathion, dichlorvos, and methamidophos accounted for 70.6% of the poisoning. Occupational poisoning took place mainly in man, accounting for 68.8%, Non-occupational or life poisoning in contrast mainly occurred in women with a proportion of 66.8%. The majority of the occupational poisoning were 30-59 year-old patients (2239 cases, 81.8%). The majority of the non-occupational poisoning were 30-44 year-old patients (665 cases, 33.6%) and - 70 years old patients (209 cases, 10.6%). High incidence of occupational pesticide poisoning, the regional distribution of Caidian (1016 cases, 37.1% ) highest, followed by the Dongxihu, Hannan and Huangpi. The pesticide poisoning mainly occurred from July to September. The occupational poisoning was mainly caused by poor protection, long working hours, and practice not implemented. The non-occupational poisoning was mainly caused by suicide.

CONCLUSIONSThe majority of the occupational poisoning in Wuhan was middle-aged men. The pesticide poisoning was main caused by insecticides.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Notification ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of Matrine on Akt protein expression in the myocardial tissue in mice with viral myocarditis(VMC) and to approach Matrine's protective mechanism.Methods Four-week-old healthy male Balb/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 0.2ml of 100TCID50 Coxsackie virus B3(CVB3) every day(the.total is for 3 days) to construct VMC animal model. A total of 120 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:Matrine treatment groups including high does(80 mg/kg), midst does (40 mg/kg) , lower does (20 mg/kg); Ribavirin group; virus group and control group.The medicine treatment groups were injected intraperitoneally with equal volume solution starting from 60minutes after CVB3 were inoculated in the last time, the total days of administering medicine is for10 days.And control group were injected with 0.2ml of 0.9% sodium chloride instead of medicine. Six animals were killed in the 5th and the 10th day after administering medicine in each group for determination apoptosis (by Tunel method). Protein expression of Phospho-AktSer-473 were detected in the 10th day after treatment (by immunohistochemistry and Western Blot respectively). Results Compared with control group, apoptotic cells in virus group were increased (P＜0.05). The groups of Matrine treatment can significantly decrease apoptosis of myocardial tissue of VMC animals, and Matrine(40 mg/kg) can significantly increase phosphorylation of Aktser-473 in the myocardial tissue as compared with virus group. Conclusion Matrine can reduce myocardium apoptosis of VMC animals by promoting phosphorylation of AktSer-473 in the myocardial tissue to provides concrete protection against CVB3 infection.

OBJECTIVETo study the bone state with ultimate stress by examining biomechanical distribution of upper femur in Chinese, in order to accumulate more experiences for clinical work.

METHODSTotally 60 Chinese femurs from fresh cadavers were randomly divided into two groups. All the femurs were cleaned, and the body age ranged from 36 to 72 years old, averaged 56.4 years, including 41 from males, and 19 from females. These two groups underwent mechanical stress and bending stress tests. Special mechanical laboratory and machines were used to get the information. Results about the loading value at each testing point under stress were collected.

RESULTSThe four faces of the upper femur suffered different stress under external forces. The bone on upper femur can tolerate more mechanical stress than bending stress. Medial and lateral region of the femur neck and the rear side of the small tuberosity section were themain position enduring the vertical stress. The rear position of the base femur neck and the small tuberosity section were the main regions enduring the bending stress. Those main positions had strong cancellous bones. The intertrochanteric fracture fixation and artificial femoral stems were designed depending on this biomechanical basis.

CONCLUSIONAccording to our experiment result, doctors need to chose more effective fixations for upper femur fracture, and femoral stems for the patients. More information should be collected by further researches.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Femur ; chemistry ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stress, Mechanical

OBJECTIVETo compare the diagnostic value of gadolinium diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA)-enhanced MRI with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)-enhanced MRI in differentiating reactive hyperplastic lymph nodes from metastatic lymph nodes in rabbit models.

METHODSReactive hyperplastic cervical lymph node model was established in 18 rabbits as hyperplasia group, and tumor-bearing lymph node model was established in another 18 rabbits as tumor group. For Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI, T1WI and T2WI were performed on 9 animals of each model, and T1WI was acquired 80 seconds after administration of Gd-DTPA. For USPIO-enhanced MRI, T1WI, T2WI and T2*WI were performed on another 9 animals of each model before and 24 hours after administration of USPIO. MRI images were analyzed and correlated with surgical specimens and pathological results.

RESULTSIn the tumor group, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI were 62.5%, 91.3%, 88.2%, 70.0% and 76.6%, respectively. The corresponding values of USPIO-enhanced MRI were 95.0%, 90.9%, 90.5%, 95.2% and 92.9%, respectively. The sensitivity and accuracy of USPIO-enhanced MRI differ significantly from those of Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI. In the hyperplasia group, the accuracy of Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI was 74.2%, while 87.1% for USPIO-enhanced MRI.

CONCLUSIONUSPIO-enhanced MRI has higher accuracy in diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes than Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI.

Animals ; Contrast Media ; Dextrans ; Female ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Male ; Neck ; Pseudolymphoma ; pathology ; Rabbits