Objective To study the effect of low-dose FK778 in preventing chronic renal al- lograft rejection in rats.Methods The rat model of chronic renal allograft rejection was established by using micro-surgery technique.The recipients were divided into two groups.The recipients in the study group were treated with FK778 at a dose of 5mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)dissolved in carboxymethylcellulose by means of gavage and the controls were treated with carboxymethylcellulose.Urinary protein con- centrations were measured every 4 weeks for 24 weeks.On 24th week after operation,the rats were killed and the kidney grafts were taken out for histological and immunohistological examinations as well as quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis.Results After 24 weeks of treatment,proteinuria, the severity of chronic rejection,glomeruIosclerosicytes and monocytes/macrophages in the study group were significantly milder than in control group.And the expression of TGF-?mRNA and PDGF-B mRNA was significantly reduced in the study group as compared with that in the control group.Conclusion Low-dose of FK778 might prevent the rats from chronic renal allograft rejection.

OBJECTIVETo establish a new quality evaluation method for traditional Chinese medicine preparations, using one chemical reference substance to calcutate multi-components simultaneously.

METHODEmployed puerarin as the maker component, puerarin relative correction factors (RCF) of salvianolic acid B to puerarin and paidzein to puerarin were calcatated in the chromatographic conditions for determination of the three components in Guanmaikang capsules. The contents of Puerarin were determined by external standard method, and those of salvianolic acid B and paidzein were calculated by puerarin and their RCF. The accuracy of the new method was evaluated by comparing the calculated contents with the determined.

RESULTThe analysis methods were established, and it has been no significant difference between the calculated contents and determined contents.

CONCLUSIONSThe method can control the components without providing salvianolic acid B and paidzein reference. It is to be a suitable quality evaluation pattern for TCM Preparation.

Benzofurans ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Reference Standards

Cell Line ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Hepatitis B ; immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; blood ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II ; blood ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated ; immunology ; Lymphocytes ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo observe the disease-causing GLA gene mutations in Chinese patients with Fabry disease and the correlation between the genotype and phenotype.

METHODSDNA from 2 Chinese patients with Fabry disease and their relatives were collected. The seven exons and nonjunctional regions of GLA gene were amplified with polymerase chain reaction and the products were sequenced. The correlation between the genotype and phenotype was analyzed.

RESULTSTwo mutations, G1168A and G1170A, located in 5' untranslated regions (5'UTR) were identified in the two probands and the two mutations were absent in normal controls. Three patients with the same genotype were found in the pedigree with G1168A mutation and there was no gene mutation carrier in the pedigree with G1170A mutation. Symptoms of the disease are less in female patients than that in male patients.

CONCLUSIONGLA gene mutation in 5'UTR may also be involved in the disease process of patients with Fabry disease and the phenotype is partly affected by gender.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Fabry Disease ; genetics ; Female ; Genes ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Young Adult ; alpha-Galactosidase ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo assess the prognostic value of biological features and therapy-related factors in multiple myeloma (MM).

METHODS123 patients with newly diagnosed MM between January 1998 and May 2005 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Biological features at presentation and therapy-related factors were analysed. The overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and the distribution of OS and TTP were compared using log-rank test. Cox regression was used to identify the independent prognostic factors.

RESULTS(1) The univariate analysis indicated that more immature plasma cells in bone marrow biopsy, C-reactive protein >8. Omg/L, CD117 expression, serum beta2-microglobulin (beta2-MG) (3.5 approximately 5.5 mg/L), abnormal cytogenetics aberration of chromosome 13 (Delta13), hypodiploid, poor response to chemotherapy, interferon(IFN) therapy less than 6 months were associated with shorter OS(P <0.05). Lytic bone lesions at presentation, more immature plasma cells in bone marrow biopsy, serum beta2-MG (3.5 approximately 5.5 mg/L), poor response to chemotherapy, and IFN therapy less than 6 months as well as abnormal cytogenetics, hypodiploid and Delta13 were associated with shorter TTP (P <0.05). (2) Multivariable COX analysis indicated IFN therapy more than 6 months was a protective factor for OS and TTP, and more immature plasma cells in bone marrow biopsy was an independent poor prognostic factor for TTP.

CONCLUSIONThe morphology of myeloma cells is useful for assessing the prognosis. And IFN therapy more than 6 months could lengthen OS and TTP.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Analysis

AIM: To analysis of cataract prevalence and operation status in people aged 65 years old in the eastern Fengxian of Shanghai.?METHODS:In the period of January to December 2015, random stratified sampling in the whole group was taken in 3050 people over 65 years, in Situan and Fengcheng, two towns at the Eastern District of Fengxian Town. Ophthalmologic examination and questionnaire survey were given to those people, including slit lamp microscopy and visual acuity ( LogMAR ) and the conditions on cataract surgery.?RESULTS: Totally 1244 cases of cataract were found in 3050 subjects, the prevalence rate was 40. 79％. The prevalence rates in the subjects of different ages were different, as the age increases, the prevalence rate was rising. The difference of prevalence rate in different age groups was statistically significant (x2=558. 6, P<0. 001);the prevalence rate of male and female were 31. 06％ and 49. 94％, the difference was statistically significant ( x2 =112. 4, P<0. 001 ); the rate of illiterate and literate was 52. 04％ and 38. 76％ respectively with significantly difference (x2 = 28. 78, P<0. 001). Cataract surgery was taken in 765 cases, surgical coverage rate was 61. 25％;difference on age, gender was not statistically significant;the degree of education: the rate in literate was significantly far higher than in the illiterate, the difference was statistically significant ( x2 = 39. 72, P < 0. 001 ). Postoperative corrected visual acuity ≥ 0. 3 was considered as removing from disable and postoperative corrected visual acuity≥0. 05 as removing from the blind. The rate removing from disable was 71. 50％, the rate removing from the blind was 95. 29％. In 765 eyes receiving surgery, postoperative complications occurred in 29 eyes, 3. 79％ of the total eye receiving surgery.?CONCLUSION: Cataract is the common blind causing disease in the elderly, and the prevalence rate of cataract in eastern Fengxian of Shanghai is high. Although in recent years, the Restoring Vision Project has been developed, the surgical coverage has been improved, and the prevention and control of cataract is still the primary task of blind prevention.

OBJECTIVEThe effects of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induced by left main (LM) artery occlusion were analyzed retrospectively in this study.

METHODSA total of 1343 consecutive AMI patients who underwent primary PCI between January 1995 and December 2004 were retrospectively studied.

RESULTSLM occlusion or severe stenosis were found in 11 patients [all male, mean age (56.4 +/- 9.2) years (range 43-70 years)], cardiogenic shock was overt in 6 patients. Primary PCI were performed under the assistance of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in these patients [8 stent implantation, 3 balloon dilation and 2 necessitating emergency CABG after balloon dilation]. In-hospital mortality was 45.5% (5/11). Three-month follow-up were made in all survivals (6/11). Analysis showed good collateral circulation flow from right coronary artery to left coronary artery was existed in all survival cases before PCI.

CONCLUSIONPrognosis of AMI patients with LM artery obstruction or severe stenosis was poor. Patients with pre-existed collateral circulation before primary PCI and IABP had a better clinical outcomes.

Adult ; Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; complications ; Coronary Stenosis ; complications ; Emergency Treatment ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of Cypher drug-eluting stent implanted after the emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

METHODSFrom Nov. 2002 to Dec. 2004, 186 patients with STEMI treated by emergency PCI were included into this study. The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), stent thrombosis and restenosis were evaluated during 6 months follow-up after PCI.

RESULTSOne hundred and sixty-eight patients were successfully treated by emergency PCI and there were no complication during the procedure. The rates of successful treatment were 100%. One hundred and seventy-five Cypher drug-eluting stents were successfully implanted into 171 target lesions. There was one case with acute stent thrombosis among 186 patients, and the MACE and mortality were 2.4% and 1.8%, respectively, during the first one month follow up. Six months later, the MACE was 4.2% and the mortality was 2.4%. The in-stent thrombosis and restenosis rates were 1.2% and 1.8%, respectively, when evaluated by angiography and clinic follow up at six months after PCI.

CONCLUSIONImplanting a Cypher drug-eluting stent in STEMI patients during emergency PCI is as safe and effective as a conventional bare stent. Cypher drug-eluting stent can reduce restenosis rate and MACE in STEMI patients treated with emergency PCI.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Sirolimus ; administration & dosage

Aim To investigate the effects of vitamin C (VC) on glycine receptor (GlyR) subtypes. Methods The HEK-293T cells were transfected with plasmids expressing different subtypes of GlyR. Then the cells were incubated with different concentrations of VC. The EC2 concentration of glycine-activated currents were recorded by patch clamp before or after incubation of VC. The effects of the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-type 2 ( SVCT2 ) inhibitor sulfinpyrazone on VC induced potentiation of GlyRs were also examined. The method of amino acid point mutation was used to explore the critical site for interaction between VC and GlyR. Results Ascorbic acid dose-dependently increased the currents mediated by GlyRal and GlyRa3, with a3 subunits being the most sensitive to VC. Ascorbic acid had no significant effect on the current mediated by the al subunit of GlyRs. Cell incubation with sulfinpyrazone did not affect the VC induced potentiation of GlyR function. The mutation of Ser296 at the third transmembrane domain of a3 GlyR significantly reduced the potentiation of VC on GlyR func-tion. Conclusions Ascorbic acid can enhance the function of GlyR al and a3 subunits, but not a2 sub- unit. Such enhancement is not likely to be an effect oc- curing inside cells. The Ser296 of GlyR plays a key role in the VC induced enhancement of GlyR function.

BackgroundThe effect of maternal weights on the risk of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) during pregnancy remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the association between maternal weight indicators and IDA during pregnancy.

MethodsWe conducted a cohort study to examine the association between maternal weight indicators, including prepregnancy body mass index and the rate of gestational weight gain (GWG), and the risk of IDA among Chinese pregnant women. Data about new-onset IDA at different trimesters from a national cross-sectional survey were collected; information regarding baseline variables and rate of GWG from women participating in the survey were retrospectively collected. Tested IDA and reported IDA were documented. Multilevel logistic regression to examine the association between maternal weight indicators and the risk of IDA after adjusting for potential confounders was conducted.

ResultsThis study enrolled 11,782 pregnant women from 24 hospitals from September 19, 2016, to November 20, 2016. Among those, 1515 (12.9%) IDA events were diagnosed through test (test IDA); 3915 (33.3%) were identified through test and patient reporting (composite IDA). After adjusting for confounders and cluster effect of hospitals, underweight pregnant women, compared with normal women, were associated with higher risk of test IDA (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-1.57 and composite IDA (aOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.21-1.51); on the contrary, overweight and obese women had lower risk of test IDA (aOR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54-0.86 overweight; aOR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.13-0.69 obese) and composite IDA (aOR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.67-0.90 overweight; aOR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21-0.55 obese). The higher rate of GWG was associated with higher risk of IDA (test aOR: 1.86 95% CI: 1.26-2.76; composite aOR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.16-2.03).

ConclusionsPregnant women who are underweight before pregnancy and who have faster GWG are more likely to develop IDA. Enforced weight control during pregnancy and use of iron supplements, particularly among underweight women, may be warranted.