Objective To study the ultra-structural features of interstitial cajal cells (ICC)in fetal enteron and then classify them.Methods Ultra-structural features of ICC in fetal enteron with spontaneous abortion or premature birth were detected under JEM-2000EX transmission electron microscope for the cause of fetal death, including two fetus specimens of a gestation 18 months and 28 months stained with lead nitrate and uranium acetate.Results ICC had a big oval karyon and a little of cytoplasm. ICC formed spindle or stellate cells with 2 to 5 long cell processes . From the esophagus to the terminal ileum ICC mostly had the same ultra-structural features, but with mitochondria and a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex in the whole colon and the rectum , more than those of esophagus and small intestine. In the whole colon and rectum ICC had similar ultra-structural features. ICC also possessed an abundance of mitochondria and a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. ICC also possessed Caveloae lipid droplet with more electron dense and heterochromatin. Two types of ICC were identified under JEM-2000EX transmission electron microscope. One type was present from the esophagus to the terminal ileum and the other type was observed in the colon and rectum. The first type ICC in circular muscle layer was bipolar cells which extended to tapering processes in opposite directions. These processes rarely branched, and their appearance was similar to smooth muscle cells.Most of them ran parallel to the circular muscles . The second type of ICC in the myenteric plexus and longitudinal muscle layer was mostly multipolar and rarely bipolar cells with long processes. They showed an irregular appearance characterized by numerous short spike-like branches. Processes of multipolar cells extended in every direction and connected with each other. ICC nerve cells and smooth muscle cells were connected with gap-like junction, which was the main connection mode .Conclusions The ultra-structural features of ICC in fetal enteron varied with the diffe-rent locus and different tissue sheets in the enteron. The mitochondria and a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex of the whole colon and rectum are more and more developed than that of esophagus and small intestine. Ultra-structural features of ICC will develop further with the gestational age. The gap- like junction among ICC nerve cell and smooth muscle cell are highly important for ICC to educe function.

Objective To investigate the weight,length and scale of normal children′ stools and discuss clinical signification.Met-(hods) The fresh stools of 60 normal children (male 34,female 26)were measured,classify the stools according to Bristol′s scale.Results 1.The average weight of stools in 60 cases was (109.53?52.00) g,of male was (123.79?55.87) g,of female was (90.12?(39.66)) g,there was significant difference between them (t=0.013 P0.05);3.The stools was classified into 7 group according to Bristol′s scale.From 1 grade to 6 grade were 3.30%,(5.10%),5.10%,64.40%,15.30% and 6.80%,respectively,but there was no 7 grade stools.Conclusion The weight,length and scales of normal children′s stools can be used as a sign to evaluate the clonic movement of children,especially in diagnosis and treatment of constipation and stools dryness

Calcaneus ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Radiography ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo study the state of oxidative injury induced by sodium arsenite(NaAsO2) in SV-40-immortalized normal uroepithelial (SV-HUC-1 ) cells.Methods SV-HUC-1 cells were exposed to different concentrations of NaAsO2[0(control),1,2,4,8,10 μmol/L] for 24 h,intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by flow cytometry,and the content ofintracellular nitrotyrosine(NT) and the 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels of cell culture medium were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results After 24 h treatment,ROS levels(81.76 ± 4.91,95.23 ± 2.17,126.61 ± 17.95,126.74 ± 27.77,114.18 ± 9.65) of SV-HUC-1 cells in the 1,2,4,8,10 μmol/L NaAsO2 exposure groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (69.84 ± 1.28,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ),ROS levels and exposure dose were positively correlated significantly(r =0.818,P＜ 0.01); the content of NT in the 10 μmol/L NaAsO2 exposure group[(919.66 ± 206.33) μg/L] was significantly higher than that in the control group[ (238.19 ± 38.28)μg/L,P ＜ 0.01 ],NT content and dye concentrations of arsenic also had dose-response relationship (r =0.617,P ＜ 0.01); after 24 h the cells were treated with arsenic,no significant difference of 8-OHdG content in the culture medium was observed(F =2.127,P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionNaAsO2 can cause SV-HUC-1 cell oxidative damage.

Objective To observe the expression of synaptotagmin I(syt I)protein in the prefrontal cortex of adult-onset hypothyroidism rats and the effects of replicated therapy in different doses of thyroid hormone on the syt I protein.Methods All 44 aduh male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups randomly according to their body mass:hypothyroidism group,routine dosage thyroxine treatment group,high dosage thyroxine treatment group and control group.The adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were replicated to the adult-onset hypothyroidism and treatment models with propyhhiouracil(PTU).The levels of serum T3,T4 were assayed by the radioimmunoassay method and the level of the syt I protein in the molecular layer,external granular layer,external pyramidal layer,internal granular layer and internal pyramidal layer in prefrontal cortex was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Results In the hypothyroidism group,the levels of serum T3 and T4[(0.34±0.04),(43.01±2.95)nmol/L]were significantly lower than those in the control group[(0.65±0.15), (55.20±3.56)nmol/L, F value: 6.026,5.940,4.503,P<0.05 or <0.01 ], the levels of the syt I protein in the molecular layer(0.018±0.010), external granular layer (0.020±0.007), external pyramidal layer(0.013±0.008), internal granular layer(0.011±0.005), internal pyramidal layer(0.024±0.013) of prefrontal lobe were significantly lower compared to the control group[(0.028±0.010,0.031 ± 0.010,0.028 ± 0.010,0.022 ± 0.008,0.038 ± 0.013), F value: 5.697,8.965,14.668,13.597,6.807,P<0.05 or <0.01 ]. In the routine dosage of the thyroxine treatment group, the levels of serum T3,T4 [(0.63 ±0.05), (55.04 ± 3.77)nmol/L] were not significantly different compared to the control group(F value: 3.162,0.367,all P>0.05), and the level of the syt I protein in the molecular layer, external granular layer, external pyramidal layer, internal granular layer and internal pyramidal layer in prefrontal cortex showed a significant improvement of the syt I protein(0.027 ± 0.013,0.025 ± 0.009,0.022 ± 0.008,0.020 ± 0.010,0.033 ± 0.010), which were similar to that of the control group(F value: 0.094,2.208,2.467,0.350,0.693, all P>0.05). In the high dosage thyroxine thyroid hormone treatment group, the levels of serum T3 and T4[ (1.11 ± 0.10), (96.68 ± 6.42)nmoL/L] were higher than the control group(F value: 6.291,12.031, all P<0.01), the expression of the syt I protein(0.028 ± 0.008,0.031 ±0.011,0.026 ± 0.012,0.023 ± 0.011,0.038 ± 0.010) were not significantly different compare to the control group (F value: 0.001,0.019,0.111,0.061,0.001, all P>0.05). Conclusions The expression of the syt I protein in the prefrontal cortex of adult-onset hypothyroidism can be decreased, which can be reversed by routine dosage of thyroxine treatment.

Adult ; Coal Mining ; Dermatitis, Occupational ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence

Objective To study the expression of KAI1 and CD40 in gastric cancer and their correlation with clinicopathologic features and prognosis.Methods The expression of KAI1 and CD40 of 64 gastric cancer tissues was examinated by S-P immunohistochemieal methods.Results The overall positive rate of KAI1 was 22% in gastric cancer.Expression of KAI1 was positively related to the degree of tumor differentiation,it was negatively related to invasion depth and lymph node metastasis and the tumor clinical stage.The 5-year survival rate of cases with positive expression of KAII was significantly higher than that of cases with negative expression(X~2=42.426,P=0.000).The expression rate of CD40 in gastric cancer tissue was 34%.The expression of CD40 was significantly correlated with metastasis and clinical stage of gastric cancer.The 5-year survival rate of cases with positive expression of CD40 was significantly lower than that of cases with negative expression(X~2=4.841,P=0.028).There is no relationship between KAI1 and CD40 expression in gastric cancer.Conclusion KAI1 is associated with gastric cancer differentiation,invasion and metastasis.CD40 status helps to evaluate metastasis,and predict prognosis of gastric cancer.

Aged ; Coal Mining ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Tachycardia ; etiology

A study on the microbial transformation of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) was conducted by a fungus, Cunninghamella blakesleeana CGMCC 3.970 systematically. After incubation with the cell cultures of C. blakesleeana CGMCC 3.970 at 25 degrees C for 7 days on a rotary shaker operating at 135 r x min(-1), GA was converted into one major product and five minor products. The products were extracted and purified by solvent extraction, macroporous adsorbent resin, silica gel column chromatography, and semi-preparative RP-HPLC chromatography. Their structures were identified as 3-oxo-15α-hydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid(1), 3-oxo-15β-hydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (2), 7β,15α-dihydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (3), 3-oxo-7β, 15α-dihydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (4), 7β-hydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid(5) and 15α-hydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid(6) by the analyses of MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopic data respectively. Among them, 2 was a new compound. These results suggest that C. blakesleeana CGMCC 3.970 has the capability of selective ketonization and hydroxylation for GA. [Key words] glycyrrhetinic acid; Cunninghamella blakesleeana CGMCC 3. 970; microbial transformation
Biotransformation ; Cunninghamella ; metabolism ; Glycyrrhetinic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; analysis ; Hippocampus ; blood supply ; chemistry ; pathology ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; physiopathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology ; Time Factors