OBJECTIVETo explore the possibility of tongue reconstruction following cancer resection by a rectus abdominis musculoperitoneal composite flap.

METHODSHalf tongue defect was reconstructed using the rectus abdominis musculoperitoneal composite free flap in 2 patients.

RESULTSThe postoperative period was uneventful and complete survival of the flap was occurred in the 2 cases. The reconstructed tongue showed excellent color match and natural shape.

CONCLUSIONSThe rectus abdominis musculoperitoneal composite flap can be used for tongue defect reconstruction, especially when the defect was not more than half of the tongue.

Abdomen ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Tongue ; surgery ; Tongue Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To explore the investigate of X-chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis pro- tein(XIAP)and its effect on chemotherapeutic sensitivity in bladder carcinoma.Methods Using immu- nohistochemistry methods,the expression of XIAP was evaluated in 47 bladder carcinomas and 6 normal bladder tissues.The XIAP gene was transfected into bladder cancer cell line T24 by liposome and the positive clone was screened by G418.Cellular XIAP mRNA level was detected by RT-PCR.The apoptosis of T24 cells was induced by low-dose of mitocycin C(0.005 mg/ml and 0.05 mg/ml,respectively).The in vitro cellular growth activities were assayed by MTT color imetry;and the apoptosis rate was assayed by TUNEL methods. Results The expression rate of XIAP was 78.7%(37/47)in bladder carcinoma samples,with no corre- lation with carcinoma stages and grades(P＞0.05).XIAP mRNA level in transfected T24 ceils was signifi- cantly increased by 3.8 times.Treated with 0.005 mg/ml and 0.05 mg/ml of mitomycin C,the growth rates of XIAP transfected T24 cells were increased [(11.60?0.25)% and(16.51?0.87)% ,respectively,P＜0.05];and the apoptosis rates were decreased [(10.1?0.2)% and( 11.9?0.2)% ,respectively,P＜0.05]compared with those in control cells.Conclusions XIAP is highly expressed in humun bladder car- cinoma samples.Overexpression of XIAP in T24 cells results in decrease in bladder carcinoma cell apoptosis induced by MMC,which may decrease the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of T24 cells.

Objective To explore the clinical applicating and efficacy of free fibula osteomyocutane- ous flap in mandible defect reconstruction in osteoradionecrosis patients.Methods The mandible defects were reconstructed by free fibula flaps with or without muscle cuff.The soft tissue defects were repaired by skin paddles.Status of osteotomy in fibula and flap survival was recorded.The complication in recipient site and donor site,as well as mouth opening and occlusion were reviewed.Facial contour and chewing function after reconstruction were evaluated.Results Patients were followed up 3-16 months.4 free fibula flaps with muscle cuff and 5 without muscle cuff survived well.The size of mandible defects covered from 6cm to 17cm. And the harvested fibula flaps with length of 8.6-17cm were cut into 3 segments in 2 cases,and 2 segments in 5 cases.Fibula flap was divided into 2 segments and overlapped in 2 cases.No serious complication was oh- served in recipient site and donor site.Satisfying esthetic result and normal occlusiong of heath mandible were obtained in all cases.The degree of mouth opening was 2.5-3.3cm.Fair chewing function was revealed in re- constructive region after prosthesia repaired.Conclusion Free fibula osteomyocutaneous flap is relatively ideal reconstruction material of mandible defect in osteoradionecrosis patients for its high survival rate and well esthetic results.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the morphologic changes of embryonic palatal development exposed to retinoic acid (RA) in mouse, and to detect the significance of the expression of TGFbeta1, TGFbeta3, EGF and BCL2.

METHODSThe stage of palatal development was examined by light microscopy. S-P immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization was used to detect spatio-temporal patterns of expression of TGFbeta1, TGFbeta3, EGF and BCL2 in embryonic palate.

RESULTSThe fetus exposed to RA resulted in formation of small palatal shelves without contact and fusion of each other to form and intact palate. RA can regulate the embryonic palatal expression of genes involved in RA-induced cleft palate.

CONCLUSIONSRA can inhibit the proliferation of MEPM cell to form small palatal shelves and induce abnormal differentiation of MEE cell causing the bi-palatal shelves no contact and fuse with each other, then induce the formation of cleft palate. RA can regulate the spatio-temporal patterns of expression of TGFbeta1, TGFbeta3 and EGF in embryonic palatal processes and the change of special expression of these genes in embryonic palatal processes are involved in RA-induced cleft palate.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; etiology ; Animals ; Cleft Palate ; chemically induced ; embryology ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Palate ; embryology ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; biosynthesis ; Tretinoin ; toxicity

Objective To investigate the value of microsurgical reconstruction of the tongue after hemigiossectomy with lateral ann free flaps in the treatment of tongue cancer.Methods From October 2006 to April 2007,ten patients underwent simultaneous reconstruction of the tongue and oral floor defects with lateral arm free flaps after resection of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue in our hospital.The flaps ranged from 8 cm×5 cm to 9 cm×6 cm in size,and were adjusted to the defect of the tongue.The vascular pedicle included the posterior radial collateral artery and the aceompanying veins.The outcome of reconstruction was evaluated by follow-up examinations,including the contour and mobility of the reconstructed tongue,the SWallowing function and the speech function.Results All patients recovered uneventfully from surgery.without any major postoperative complications.The transplanted flaps survive&During follow-up period the contour of the reconstructed tongues was satisfactory.The patients demonstrated good functional mobility of the reconstructed and remaining tongue.Postoperatively,the swallowing and speech function was nearly at normal levels and the patients could ingest a solid or semisolid diet. Conclusions Mierovascular reconstruction of the tongue with lateral arm free flaps after hemiglossectomy is an ideal and safe method,but long term results need to be further studied.

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Division ; Collagen ; biosynthesis ; Liver ; cytology ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis ; etiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Proline ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo conduct an epidemiological and genotype analysis of sapovirus (SaV) associated with sporadic diarrhea in Shenzhen in the year 2009.

METHODSA total of 852 fecal samples were collected from sporadic cases of diarrhea in Shenzhen in 2009 and detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the primers of SLV5317/5749. The PCR products were analyzed with 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and sequenced to construct the phylogenetic tree.

RESULTSSixteen samples were found positive for SaV, with a positivity rate of 1.88%. Sequence analysis identified 8 isolates as SaV GI genotype (including 3 SaV GI.1 and 5 SaV GI.2), 7 as SaV GIV genotype, and 1 as GII genotype.

CONCLUSIONSSaV infection is present in Shenzhen with GI as the predominant genotype. This is the first report of SaV GIV strains in China, which differs from the strains of Anhui-A141 and Beijing-CHN99/BJ360, suggesting the genotypic variety of SaV infection in China.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Sapovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Young Adult

As part of our ongoing influenza surveillance program in South China, 19 field strains of H9N2 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIVs) were isolated from dead or diseased chicken flocks in Guangdong province, South China, between 2012 and 2013. Hemagglutinin (HA) genes of these strains were sequenced and analyzed and phylogenic analysis showed that 12 of the 19 isolates belonged to the lineage h9.4.2.5, while the other seven belonged to h9.4.2.6. Specifically, we found that all of the viruses isolated in 2013 belonged to lineage h9.4.2.5. The lineage h9.4.2.5 viruses contained a PSRSSRdownward arrowGLF motif at HA cleavage site, while the lineage h9.4.2.6 viruses contained a PARSSRdownward arrowGLF at the same position. Most of the isolates in lineage h9.4.2.5 lost one potential glycosylation site at residues 200-202, and had an additional one at residues 295-297 in HA1. Notably, 19 isolates had an amino acid exchange (Q226L) in the receptor binding site, which indicated that the viruses had potential affinity of binding to human like receptor. The present study shows the importance of continuing surveillance of new H9N2 strains to better prepare for the next epidemic or pandemic outbreak of H9N2 AIV infections in chicken flocks.
Animals ; *Chickens ; China ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/*genetics/metabolism ; Influenza in Birds/virology ; Phylogeny ; Poultry Diseases/*virology ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/veterinary

OBJECTIVETo establish transplanted models of VX2 tongue carcinoma in rabbits by three methods and compare these models.

METHODSAfter establishment of VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits, 72 New-Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. Intact tumour tissue, modified tumour cell suspension, tumour cell suspension were respectively injected into the middle-third lateral border of the tongues of rabbits in 3 groups to induce transplanted VX2 tongue carcinoma. The histological features, the tumour-take rates and the metastasis rates of the 3 models were observed.

RESULTSThe tumour-take rate of 3 models were 83.3%, 91.7% and 33.3% respectively; the lymph node metastasis rates were 71.4%, 100.0% and 37.5% respectively; the lung metastasis rates were 35.7%, 81.3% and 0 respectively. The histological features of the transplanted VX2 tongue carcinoma of 3 models were all consistent with those of moderately differentiated carcinoma.

CONCLUSIONThe biological properties of the transplanted VX2 tongue carcinoma of 3 models is much alike to tongue carcinoma in humans. The model established with modified tumor cell suspension is considered to be more suitable for tongue cancer study.

Animals ; Carcinoma ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Rabbits ; Tongue Neoplasms

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical application of free forearm flap in the functional hemitongue reconstruction.

METHODSFrom July 2002 to November 2006, 40 patients with tongue cancer underwent hemiglossectomy and primary hemitongue reconstruction with free forearm flaps. In some cases, the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerves of the flaps were anastomosed with the lingual nerve to restore the flap sensation.

RESULTSAll patients recovered uneventfully after surgery with no morbidity in the donor site. All free flaps survived. The average follow-up period was 2 years and 6 months. The aesthetic and functional results were both satisfactory. The swallowing and speech function were almost normal. The flap sensation was partially restored.

CONCLUSIONSGood functional hemitongue reconstruction can be achieved with free forearm flaps.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Forearm ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal ; transplantation ; Oral Surgical Procedures ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Tongue Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; surgery