OBJECTIVE: To develop a five fluorescence-labeled multiplex amplification system for 15 loci and study genetic polymorphism in Xinjiang Uygur population. METHODS: The STR loci were screened. The alleles were named according to the number of repeats by sequencing. The sensitivity, species specificity, identity and stability of the five fluorescence-labeled multiplex amplification system for the 15 loci were all tested. Then, the genetic polymorphism was analyzed in Xinjiang Uygur population and compared with other ethnic groups including Xizang Tibetan, Xiuyan Manchu, and Guangzhou Han population. RESULTS: The 15 loci multiplex amplification system was established. The sensitivity was 0.3 ng with good species specificity, identity and stability. The distributions of genotype for 13 STR loci in Uygur population were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with no genetic linkage between these loci. Most loci showed statistically significant among different populations. CONCLUSION The established system has application value in forensic evidence. The 13 STR loci in Uygur population have
Alleles ; Ethnicity/genetics* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Linkage ; Genotype ; Humans ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Polymorphism, Genetic

In order to develop characteristic folk medicine resources in Jiangxi, a pharmacognostical study was systematically performed for four different origin plants of Sikuaiwa, the result of study provides the microscopic features of powder and tissue of the crude drug. The research provided reference for the identification of Sikuaiwa, as well as a theoretical basis for the further development and the formulation of quality standards.
Magnoliopsida ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Medicine, Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development

No abstract available.
Angiotensin II* ; Angiotensins* ; Hydrocortisone* ; Insulin*

No abstract available.
Gastrins*

Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; pharmacology ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

In this paper, three higher content of flavonol glycosides from the stems and leaves of Tribulus terrestris L. were determined by reversed phase HPLC. The results showed that there was good liner relationship between the peak areas and the sample concentration at the ranges of 0.011 2~0.280 0 μg (r=0.999 6), 0.064 8~2.592 0 μg (r=0.999 8) and 0.018 4~0.460 0 μg (r=0.999 8) for isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-gentiobioside-7-O-β-D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-β-D-gentiobioside and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-gentiobioside respectively. The verage recovery rates (n=9) of three flavonol glycosides compounds were 100.15%(RSD=1.32%), 100.02% (RSD=1.14%), 99.77% (RSD=1.16%), respectively. This method is considered to be simple, accurate, stable, good precision and reproducibility, which is available for the quality control and evaluation of T. terrestris L.

Objective It was reported that pretreatment with small dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could protect the animal from lethal dose endotoxin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pretreatment with small dose of LPS on cardiac function in endotoxemic rats and the possible mechanism. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats weighing 200-280 g were randomly divided into 3 groups: group I normal saline(NS) ( n = 12); group Ⅱ LPS (n = 24) and group Ⅲ LPS-pretreatment ( n = 24). Group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were further divided into 3 groups: 2 h,4 h and 6 h subgroups based the time when blood sample was taken and the animal was sacrificed. The table shows the LPS given in the 3 groups:groupⅠⅡ Ⅲ0hNSNSLPS 0.25 mg?kg-1ip24 hNSNSLPS0.5mg?kg-1ip96 hNSLPS 10 mg?kg-1 Ⅳ LPS 10 mg?kg-1 TVThe animals were anesthetized with 3 % pentobarbital 30 mg?kg ip and intubated. Right femoral artery and vein were cannulated for MAP monitoring and fluid infusion. Cardiac catheter was placed in the left ventricle for measurement of left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and?dp/dt max. Blood samples were taken 2 h,4 h and 6 h after intravenous LPS (10 mg?kg-1) for determination of plasma levels of L-lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) . The animals were sacrificed right after blood sampling and the heart was removed for determination of myocardial HSP 70 expression using immuno-histochemical staining. Results LVSP and?dp/dt max gradually decreased 1h after intravenous administration of LPS in group Ⅱ (LPS group); while in group DI (pretreatment group) the cardiac contractility was maintained and LVSP,?dp/dt max did not decrease as compared with the baseline value. Plasma LDH concentration and CK activity increased significantly 4 h and 6 h after intravenous IPS in group Ⅱ . The plasma LDH and CK levels were significantly lower in groupⅢthan those in group Ⅱ ( P

Objective To investigate status of macrolide resistance and determine molecular mechanisms in Mycoplasma pneumoniae.Nethods All of 370 throat swab specimens were cultured to isolate Mycoplasma pneumoniae.Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates were identified by nested PCR for specific 16SrRNA gene.Antibiotic susceptibility test was done to identify acrolide resistant strains.23SrRNA gene wag amplified by nested PCR followed by direct automatic sequencing method.The DNA sequences were compared to the sequence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae M129(accession no.X68422)to find molecular mechanisms of drug resistance.Results Fifty clinical strains were isolated from 370 specimens.Of 50 strains.4 strains were susceptible to macrulide,46 strains were macrolide resistant with the percentage of 92%.MICs of resistant strains to erythromycin.Azithromycin and josamycin were elevated.The sequence of 23SrRNA gene in 4 Susceptible strains and the reference strain FH was identical to Mycoplagma pneumoniae gene in GenBank.46 resistant strains arbored a point mutation respectively,among them,40 strains had all A to G transition at position 2063.1 strain had an A to C transition at position 2063,the other five strains showed an A to G transition at position 2064.Conclusions Macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae iS very serious health conceru.The point mutation in 23SrRNA.Xpecailly predominant position 2063 mutation contributed to the macrolide resistance in Mycoplagma pneumoniae.The MICs of resistant strains to erythromycin,azithromycin and iosamycin are much higher than Mycoplasma pneumoniae reference strain FH.

This study was aimed to improve the sensitivity of magnetic induction phase shift detection system for cerebral hemorrhage. In the study, a cerebral hemorrhage model with 13 rabbits was established by injection of autologous blood and the cerebral hemorrhage was detected by utilizing magnetic induction phase shift spectroscopy (MIPSS) detection method under the feature band. Sixty five groups of phase shift spectroscopy data were obtained. According to the characteristics of cerebral hemorrhage phase shift spectroscopy under the feature hand, an effective method, B-F distribution, to diagnose the severity of cerebral hemorrhage was designed. The results showed that using MIPSS detection method under feature band, the phase shift obviously growed with increase of injection volume of autologous blood, and the phase shift induced by a 3-mL injection reached -7.750 3 degrees ± 1.420 4 degrees. B-F distribution could effectively diagnose the severity of cerebral hemorrhage. It can be concluded that the sensitivity of the cerebral hemorrhage magnetic induction detection system is improved by one order of magnitude with the MIPSS detection method under the feature band.
Animals ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; Magnetic Phenomena ; Magnetics ; Rabbits ; Spectrum Analysis ; methods

AIMTo evaluate the self-emulsifying ability and dissolution behavior of tretinoin in vitro and the pharmacokinetic behavior in beagle dogs.

METHODSThe self-emulsifying rate was evaluated by determining the intensity of scattered light at different time and the particle size of resultant emulsions after self-emulsifying were observed by optical microscope. The plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC and dissolution and pharmacokinetic behavior of self-emulsifying formulations were evaluated by comparison with commercial capsules.

RESULTSThe area under the curve (AUC) was significantly higher in the tretinoin self-emulsifying formulation group (3048.0 mg x h x L(-1)) than that in the commercial capsule group (1826.0 mg x h x L(-1)). Also, Tmax was smaller in the self-emulsifying formulation group (1.25 h) compared with market products (2 h) and the dissolved amount from self-emulsifying formulations in water at 15 min was much higher (more than 80%) than that of the market products (less than 5%).

CONCLUSIONThe self-emulsifying drug delivery systems can increase drug dissolution in vitro and absorption in vivo significantly.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Dogs ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Emulsifying Agents ; Emulsions ; Male ; Particle Size ; Polysorbates ; Solubility ; Tretinoin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics