Objective To dynamically observe changes of IgG, its subclasses and IgE in sera of mice by immunization with mixed recombinant of BCG-Em Ⅱ/3 and BCG-Em14-3-3 vaccine of Echinococcus multilocularis (Era). Methods Forty Balb/c mice of 12-14 week old and 20-25 g weight were intranasally vaccinated by the vaccine, 4 mice were killed randomly by the weight on 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16 and 18 weeks of immunization respectively, sera were gathered from the eyeball to measure IgG, its subclasses and IgE by routine ELISA. Results Levels of IgG, IgG2a and IgG2b in the sera of mice increased obviously on 2-18 weeks, reached the highest level on 10, 4 and 4 weeks respectively, the value was 0.095±0.033,0.022±0.001,0.023±0.003 respectively, as compared with the value on 0 week(0.030±0.013,0.012±0.004,0.013±0.004), the difference being statistically significant(q=2.95,4.87,2.81 respectively, P < 0.01 or P < 0.05); levels of IgG1, IgG3 and IgE in the sera of mice decreased remarkably on 2-18 weeks,came to the lowest level on 4,2,6 weeks respectively, the value was 0.031±0.004,0.136±0.002,0.114±0.002 respectively, as compared with the value on 0 week(0.192±0.007, 0.175±0.013,0.024±0.003), the difference being statistically significant (q =5.16,4.93,5.32 respectively, P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Conclusion Helper T cell(TH) Ⅰ response is induced in mice by mixed recombinant of BCG-Em Ⅱ/3 and BCG-Em14-3-3 vaccine on early immunization.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; blood ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; blood ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the spousal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)and its related factors in HIV epidemic area,which can be beneficial to prevent HIV from transmitting.Methods Three hundred and forty-six couples with one spouse were anti-HIV positive were cross-sectionally investigated.Blood samples were taken from the spouse of subjects whose anti- HIV were positive to detect the anti-HIV antibody and from 70 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)patients to do the sequencing of the serum HIV provirus DNA.Results In 346 couples,99 were infected by spousal transmission and its transmission rate was 28.6%.One spouse of 125 couples were infected with HIV by paid blood donation,14.4%(18)of the other spouse were infec- ted by spousal transmission.One spouse of 135 couples were infected by paid blood transfusion, 23.7%(32)of the other spouse were infected by spousal transmission.Eighty-six couples were infec- ted by extramarital sexual contact,49(57.0%)got spousal transmission.Thirty-seven(69.8%) subjects were infected by husband-to-wife transmission and 12(36.4%)were from wife to husband. The difference between them was significant(P

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Otitis Externa ; diagnosis ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the properties of voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels in developing auditory neurons during early postnatal stages in the mammalian central nervous system.

METHODSUsing the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique, we have studied changes in the electrophysiological properties of Na+ channels in the principal neurons of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB).

RESULTSWe found that MNTB neurons already express functional Na+ channels at postnatal day 1 (P1), and that channel density begins to increase at P5 when the neurons receive synaptic innervation and reach its maximum (approximately 3 fold) at P11 when functional hearing onsets. These changes were paralleled by an age-dependent acceleration in both inactivation and recovery from inactivation. In contrast, there was very little alteration in the voltage-dependence of inactivation.

CONCLUSIONThese profound changes in the properties of voltage-gated Na+ channels may increase the excitability of MNTB neurons and enhance their phase-locking fidelity and capacity during high-frequency synaptic transmission.

Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Auditory Pathways ; growth & development ; physiology ; Brain Stem ; cytology ; growth & development ; physiology ; Cochlear Nucleus ; growth & development ; physiology ; Electrophysiology ; Ion Channel Gating ; physiology ; Mice ; Neurons ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Sodium Channels ; physiology

Objective To detect the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-32 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients,and analyze the relations between IL-32 and level of erythrocytes (ESR),creactive protein (CRP),rheumatoid factor (RF),the disease activity index 28 (DAS28) scores in RA patients.The aim of this study is to identify the clinical significance of IL-32 in RA patient.Methods We collected 97 specimens of peripheral blood from RA patients,including 36 RA patients with high active disease,33 RA patients with moderate active disease,28 RA patients with stable disease,36 non-RA connective tissue diseases (CTD) patients and 30 healthy volunteers.The mRNA levels of IL-32,TNF-α in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR).The concentration of IL-32,TNF-αt in plasma were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),one-way AN OVA and Spearman's corrclation and multiple linear regression were adopted for statistical analysis.Results ①The mRNA levels of IL-32 and TNF-α in active RA patients were higher than those in healthy control group (0.29±0.07,0.24±0.06 vs 0.11±0.06 for IL-32 in the high active RA group and moderate active RA group versus the healthy group; and 0.042±0.022,0.012±0.006 vs 0.004±0.002 for TNF-α in the high active RA group and moderate active RA group versus the healthy group,P＜0.01),and than those in stable RA patients,and non-RA CTD patients.There was no significant difference among the stable disease groups,healthy control group and non-RA CTD group in the level of mRNA.② The concentration of IL-32,TNF-α in the plasma of RA patients with active disease was higher than that of healthy control group [(107±42) pg/ml,(66±27) pg/ml vs (20±10) pg/ml for IL-32 in the high active RA group and moderate active RA group versus the healthy group; and (261±77) pg/ml,(186±84) pg/ml vs (72±20) pg/ml for TNF-αt in the high active RA group and moderate active RA group versus the healthy group,P＜0.01].③ The expression levels of IL-32 was positively correlated with the level of TNF-α,ESR,CRP,RF,DAS28 scores in the plasma of RA patients (r=0.568,0.321,0.185,0.325,0.303 respectively,P＜0.01).④ The expression levels of IL-32 was positively correlated with the level of TNF-α (the regression coefficients and P values were b=1.721,P＜0.01 and b=0.176,P＜0.01 respectively).Conclusion The levels of IL-32 in peripheral blood may be used as an indicator for disease activity of RA.

Objective To investigate the importance of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in the development of quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria.Methods A total of 541 consecutive clinical isolates of gram-negative ba- cilli resistant or intermediate to ciprofloxacin were screened for the qnrA gene by PCR.Conjugation experiments were carried out with azide-resistant E.coli J53 as a recipient.The aac(6')-Ib-cr gene was detected.The mutations in the quinolone-resist- ance-determining region (QRDR) of the gyrA and parC genes were identified in qnrA positive strains.Results qnrA was identi- fied in 7 of the 541 strains.Among the qnrA positive strains,5 were Enterobacter cloacae.No qnrA was detected in nonfer- menters.Quinolone resistance was transferred in 4 of 7 qnrA positive strains.Transconjugants had 12-to 125-fold increases in MIC of ciprofloxacin relative to that of the recipient.Seven strains contained qnrA with a nucleotide sequence identical to that originally reported.Two transconjugants with higher ciprofloxacin MICs contained aac(6')-Ib-cr gene.Mutations occurred in the QRDR of the gyrA and parC genes in 5 PCR-positive clinical strains.Conclusions Transferable plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance associated with qnrA is highly prevalent in clinical strains of Enterobacter spp.aac(6')-Ib-cr gene and mutations in the quinolone targets may co-exist with qnrA,which may contribute to the further increase of resistance to quinolones.

OBJECTIVETo determine the effects of Jiji decoction (Traditional Chinese Medicine) on the cognitive function and oxidative stress in mice with vascular dementia (VD) induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

METHODSThirty-two mice were randomly divided into nonnal group (n = 8), sham group (operation, but no cerebral ischemia/reperfusi6n, n = 8), model group (vascular dementia model induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, n = 8), and Jiji decoction-treated group (vascular dementia model plus treatment with Jiji decoction, n = 8). Fourteen days of treatment after operation, the cognitive behavior was measured in step-through test, spatial probe test and platform test. Afterwards, to assess the levels of oxidative stress, the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and content of malonaldehyde (MDA) in brain of these mice were measured.

RESULTSData from step-through test indicated that the escaping latency of Jiji decoction-treated group was prolonged and the error counts were decreased significantly ( P <0.01) compared with those of model group. Data from spatial probe test indicated that the time of entering darkroom, the time of climbing height and the time of entering bright room in Jiji decoction-treated group were shortened and the counts of climbing height were increased (P < 0.05-0.01) significantly compared with those of model group. Data from platform test showed that the escaping latency of Jiji decoction-treated group was prolonged significantly (P < 0.01) compared with that of model group. Compared with normal and sham group, the activity of SOD was decreased and the content of MDA was increased in model group significantly (P < 0.01). Compared with those of model group, the levels of SOD and MDA in Jiji decoction-treated group were improved significantly (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONJiji decoction could improve cognitive function of VD mice. Its mechanism might be related with the inhibition of oxidative stiess in the brain.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cerebral Infarction ; physiopathology ; Cognition ; drug effects ; Dementia, Vascular ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo inquire into the relationship between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene D9N, N291S and S447X polymorphisms and the development of cardiovascular diseases in children with obesity.

METHODSThe polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RLFP) techniques were used to detect three common mutations of LPL gene exon D9N, N291S and S447X in 157 obese children and 175 normal controls. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels between children with different genotypes were compared.

RESULTSThe D9N and N291S gene mutations were not detected in either the obese or the control groups. There were no significant differences in the frequency of S447X gene mutation between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the levels of plasma lipid and lipoprotein between children with S447 and X447 genotypes.

CONCLUSIONSD9N and N291S gene mutations may not be risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases in children with obesity. S447X gene mutation might not play an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases in childhood.

Adolescent ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; genetics ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoprotein Lipase ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Obesity ; genetics ; Risk Factors